List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs

Animated 3D map of the nearest stars, centered on the Sun. 3D red green glasses are recommended to view this image correctly.

A radar map of the positions and distances of all known sufficiently separate stellar objects within 9 light years (ly). Positions are marked (◆) around Sol according to their right ascension (clockwise in hours angle) and inward according to their declination, entered as lines (doted when negative) of their top-down viewed arcs between each's position and distance mark (▬). The marked distances are measured outward from the center with each ly represented by a concentric circle. For within 12 ly see this map.

This list covers all known stars, brown dwarfs, and sub-brown dwarfs within 20 light-years (6.13 parsecs ) of the Sun. So far, 131 such objects have been found. Only 22 are bright enough to be visible without a telescope, for which the star's visible light needs to reach or exceed the dimmest brightness visible to the naked eye from Earth, 6.5 apparent magnitude. ^[1]

The known 131 objects are bound in 94 stellar systems. Of those, 103 are main sequence stars: 80 red dwarfs and 23 "typical" stars having greater mass. Additionally, astronomers have found 6 white dwarfs (stars that have exhausted all fusible hydrogen), 21 brown dwarfs, as well as 1 sub-brown dwarf, WISE 0855−0714 (possibly a rogue planet). The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth. The brightest, most massive and most luminous object among those 131 is Sirius A, which is also the brightest star in Earth's night sky; its white dwarf companion Sirius B is the hottest object among them. The largest object within the 20 light-years is Procyon.

The Solar System, and the other stars/dwarfs listed here, are currently moving within (or near) the Local Interstellar Cloud, roughly 30 light-years (9.2  pc ) across. The Local Interstellar Cloud is, in turn, contained inside the Local Bubble, a cavity in the interstellar medium about 300 light-years (92.0  pc ) across. It contains Ursa Major and the Hyades star cluster, among others. The Local Bubble also contains the neighboring G-Cloud, which contains the stars Alpha Centauri and Altair. In the galactic context, the Local Bubble is a small part of the Orion Arm, which contains most stars that we can see without a telescope. The Orion arm is one of the spiral arms of our Milky Way galaxy.

Astrometrics

Stars and star systems within 12.5 ly.

The easiest way to determine stellar distance to the Sun for objects at these distances is parallax, which measures how much stars appear to move against background objects over the course of Earth's orbit around the Sun. As a parsec (parallax-second) is defined by the distance of an object that would appear to move exactly one second of arc against background objects, stars less than 5 parsecs away will have measured parallaxes of over 0.2 arcseconds, or 200 milliarcseconds. Determining past and future positions relies on accurate astrometric measurements of their parallax and total proper motions (how far they move across the sky due to their actual velocity relative to the Sun), along with spectroscopically determined radial velocities (their speed directly towards or away from us, which combined with proper motion defines their true movement through the sky relative to the Sun). Both of these measurements are subject to increasing and significant errors over very long time spans, especially over the several thousand-year time spans it takes for stars to noticeably move relative to each other. ^[2]

Based on results from the Gaia telescope's second data release from April 2018, an estimated 694 stars will approach the Solar System to less than 5 parsecs in the next 15 million years. Of these, 26 have a good probability to come within 1.0 parsec (3.3 light-years) and another 7 within 0.5 parsecs (1.6 light-years). ^[3] This number is likely much higher, due to the sheer number of stars needed to be surveyed; a star approaching the Solar System 10 million years ago, moving at a typical Sun-relative 20–200 kilometers per second, would be 600–6,000 light-years from the Sun at present day, with millions of stars closer to the Sun. The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun. ^[4] It is currently predicted to pass 0.1696±0.0065 ly (10635±500 au) from the Sun in 1.290±0.04 million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort cloud. ^[5]

List

Key

#	Visible to the unaided eye (apparent magnitude of +6.5 or brighter)
$	Luminous star (absolute magnitude of +8.5 or brighter)
‡	White dwarf
§	Brown dwarf
&	Sub-brown dwarf or rogue planet
*	Nearest in constellation

The classes of the stars and brown dwarfs are shown in the color of their spectral types (these colors are derived from conventional names for the spectral types and do not necessarily represent the star's observed color). Many brown dwarfs are not listed by visual magnitude but are listed by near-infrared J band apparent magnitude due to how dim (and often invisible) they are in visible color bands (U, B or V). Absolute magnitude (with electromagnetic wave, 'light' band denoted in subscript) is a measurement at a 10-parsec distance across imaginary empty space devoid of all its sparse dust and gas. Some of the parallaxes and resultant distances are rough measurements. ^[6]

Known star systems within 20 light-years (6.13 parsecs)

Designation		Distance (ly (±err)) [7] → →	Constellation	Coordinates: RA,  Dec (Ep J2000, Eq  J2000) [6]	Stellar class	Mass	Magnitude (m V [6] or m J )		Parallax (mas (±err)) [6] [note 1]	Notes and additional references
System	Star or (sub-) brown dwarf					M☉	App.	Abs.
Solar System	Sun (Sol)$	0.0000158	N/A	N/A	G2V [6]	1	−26.74#	4.85	N/A	eight recognized planets and more dwarf planets
Alpha Centauri	Proxima Centauri (C, V645 Centauri)	4.2465 ±0.0003	Cen *	14h 29m 43.0s −62° 40′ 46″	M5.5Ve	0.122	11.09	15.53	768.0665 ±0.0499 [8]	flare star, two confirmed planets (b, 2016, and d, 2022) [9] [10] and a third disputed planet (c, 2019) [11] [12]
	Rigil Kentaurus (A)$	4.3441 ±0.0022		14h 39m 36.5s −60° 50′ 02″	G2V [6]	1.079	0.01#	4.38	750.81 ±0.38 [13]	one directly imaged habitable-zone planet candidate (Candidate 1) (2021)
	Toliman (B)$			14h 39m 35.1s −60° 50′ 14″	K1V [6]	0.909	1.34#	5.71		planet b refuted in 2015
Barnard's Star (BD+04°3561a)		5.9629 ±0.0004	Oph *	17h 57m 48.5s +04° 41′ 36″	M4.0Ve	0.144	9.53	13.22	546.9759 ±0.0401 [8]	flare star, largest-known proper motion, [14] one refuted planet (b) [15] [16]
Luhman 16 (WISE 1049−5319)	A§	6.5029 ±0.0011	Vel *	10h 49m 18.9s −53° 19′ 10″	L8±1 [17]	0.032	10.7 J	14.2 J	501.557 ±0.082 [18]	nearest brown dwarfs
	B§				T1±2 [17]	0.027
WISE 0855−0714 &		7.430 ±0.041	Hya *	08h 55m 10.8s −07° 14′ 43″	Y4	0.003-0.010	25.0 J	28.2 J	439.0 ±2.4 [19]	sub-brown dwarf
Wolf 359 (CN Leonis)		7.8558 ±0.0013	Leo *	10h 56m 29.2s +07° 00′ 53″	M6.0V [6]	0.090	13.44	16.55	415.1794 ±0.0684 [8]	flare star, has 1 candidate & 1 refuted planet [15] [20]
Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147, Gliese  411, HD 95735)		8.3044 ±0.0007	UMa *	11h 03m 20.2s +35° 58′ 12″	M2.0V [6]	0.390	7.47	10.44	392.7529 ±0.0321 [8]	two known planets (2019, 2021) [21]
Alpha Canis Majoris	Sirius (A)$	8.7094 ±0.0054	CMa *	06h 45m 08.9s −16° 42′ 58″	A1V [6]	2.063	−1.46#	1.42	374.4896 ±0.2313 [8]	brightest star in the night sky
	B‡				DA2 [6]	1.018	8.44	11.34
Gliese 65 (Luyten 726–8)	A (BL Ceti)	8.724 ±0.012	Cet *	01h 39m 01.3s −17° 57′ 01″	M5.5Ve	0.102	12.54	15.40	373.8443 ±0.5009 [8]	flare star (Archetypal member)
	B (UV Ceti)				M6.0Ve	0.100	12.99	15.85
Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii)		9.7063 ±0.0009	Sgr *	18h 49m 49.4s −23° 50′ 10″	M3.5Ve	0.17	10.43	13.07	336.0266 ±0.0317 [8]	flare star
Ross 248 (HH Andromedae)		10.3057 ±0.0014	And *	23h 41m 54.7s +44° 10′ 30″	M5.5Ve	0.136	12.29	14.79	316.4812 ±0.0444 [8]	flare star
Ran (Epsilon Eridani)$		10.4749 ±0.0037	Eri *	03h 32m 55.8s −09° 27′ 30″	K2V [6]	0.820	3.73#	6.19	311.37 ±0.11 [22]	three circumstellar disks, one confirmed planet (AEgir, 2000) and one candidate (c, 2002) [23]
Lacaille 9352 (Gliese 887)		10.7241 ±0.0007	PsA *	23h 05m 52.0s −35° 51′ 11″	M0.5V	0.486	7.34	9.75	304.1354 ±0.0200 [8]	two planets, b and c, with equivocal evidence for a third in the habitable zone (2020) [24]
Ross 128 (FI Virginis)		11.0074 ±0.0011	Vir *	11h 47m 44.4s +00° 48′ 16″	M4.0Vn	0.168	11.13	13.51	296.3053 ±0.0302 [8]	flare star, one planet (b) (2017) [25]
EZ Aquarii (Gliese 866, Luyten 789-6)	A	11.109 ±0.034	Aqr *	22h 38m 33.4s −15° 17′ 57″	M5.0Ve	0.11	13.33	15.64	293.60 ±0.9 [26]	A & B flare stars
	B				M?	0.11	13.27	15.58
	C				M?	0.10	14.03	16.34
Alpha Canis Minoris	Procyon (A)$	11.402 ±0.032	CMi *	07h 39m 18.1s +05° 13′ 30″	F5IV–V [6]	1.499	0.38#	2.66	286.05 ±0.81 [27] [28]
	B‡				DQZ [6]	0.602	10.70	12.98
61 Cygni	A (BD+38°4343)$	11.4039 ±0.0012	Cyg *	21h 06m 53.9s +38° 44′ 58″	K5.0V [6]	0.70	5.21#	7.49	286.0054 ±0.0289 [8]	First star (besides Sun) to have measured distance. [29] B flare star, with possible planet or brown dwarf. [30] Possible circumstellar disk.
	B (BD+38°4344)$			21h 06m 55.3s +38° 44′ 31″	K7.0V [6]	0.63	6.03#	8.31
Struve 2398 (Gliese 725, BD+59°1915)	A (HD 173739)	11.4908 ±0.0009	Dra *	18h 42m 46.7s +59° 37′ 49″	M3.0V [6]	0.334	8.90	11.16	283.8401 ±0.0220 [8]	flare stars, star B has 2 candidate planets [15]
	B (HD 173740)			18h 42m 46.9s +59° 37′ 37″	M3.5V [6]	0.248	9.69	11.95
Groombridge 34 (Gliese 15)	A (GX Andromedae)	11.6191 ±0.0008	And	00h 18m 22.9s +44° 01′ 23″	M1.5V [6]	0.38	8.08	10.32	280.7068 ±0.0203 [8]	flare star, two known planets (Ab, 2014, and Ac, 2018) [31]
	B (GQ Andromedae)				M3.5V [6]	0.15	11.06	13.30		flare star
DX Cancri (G 51-15)		11.6797 ±0.0027	Cnc *	08h 29m 49.5s +26° 46′ 37″	M6.5Ve	0.09	14.78	16.98	279.2496 ±0.0637 [8]	flare star
Epsilon Indi (CPD−57°10015)	A$	11.8670 ±0.0041	Ind *	22h 03m 21.7s −56° 47′ 10″	K5Ve [6]	0.754	4.69#	6.89	274.8431 ±0.0956 [8]	one planet (Ab) (2018) [32]
	Ba§			22h 04m 10.5s −56° 46′ 58″	T1.0V	0.065	12.3 J [33]	14.5 J
	Bb§				T6.0V	0.050	13.2 J [33]	15.4 J
Tau Ceti (BD−16°295)$		11.9118 ±0.0074	Cet	01h 44m 04.1s −15° 56′ 15″	G8.5Vp [6]	0.783	3.49#	5.68	273.8097 ±0.1701 [8]	one debris disk four confirmed planets (e, f, g, and h) (2012, 2017), four candidate planets (b, c, d, and "i") (2012, 2019)
Gliese 1061 (LHS 1565)		11.9839 ±0.0014	Hor *	03h 35m 59.7s −44° 30′ 45″	M5.5V [6]	0.113	13.09	15.26	272.1615 ±0.0316 [8]	has 3 known planets (2019) [34] [35] [36]
YZ Ceti (LHS 138)		12.1222 ±0.0015	Cet	01h 12m 30.6s −16° 59′ 56″	M4.5V [6]	0.130	12.02	14.17	269.0573 ±0.0337 [8]	flare star, three planets (b, c, and d) (2017) [37]
Luyten's Star (BD+05°1668)		12.3485 ±0.0019	CMi	07h 27m 24.5s +05° 13′ 33″	M3.5Vn	0.26	9.86	11.97	264.1269 ±0.0413 [8]	two planets (b, c) (2017) [38] and two suspected planets (d, e) (2019) [39]
Teegarden's Star (SO025300.5+165258)		12.4970 ±0.0045	Ari *	02h 53m 00.9s +16° 52′ 53″	M6.5V	0.08	15.14	17.22	260.9884 ±0.0934 [8]	has 2 known planets (2019) [40] [41]
Kapteyn's Star (CD−45°1841)		12.8308 ±0.0008	Pic *	05h 11m 40.6s −45° 01′ 06″	M1.5 VI [6]	0.281	8.84	10.87	254.1986 ±0.0168 [8]	two refuted planets (b and c) (2014) [42] [43]
Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii)		12.9472 ±0.0018	Mic *	21h 17m 15.3s −38° 52′ 03″	M0.0V [6]	0.60	6.67	8.69	251.9124 ±0.0352 [8]	brightest M dwarf star in night sky, flare star
SCR 1845−6357	A	13.0638 ±0.0070	Pav *	18h 45m 05.3s −63° 57′ 48″	M8.5V [6]	0.07	17.39	19.41	249.6651 ±0.1330 [8]	[36]
	B§			18h 45m 02.6s −63° 57′ 52″	T6 [44]	0.03 [6]	13.3 J [33]	15.3 J
Kruger 60 (BD+56°2783)	A	13.0724 ±0.0052	Cep *	22h 27m 59.5s +57° 41′ 45″	M3.0V [6]	0.271	9.79	11.76	249.5 ±0.1 [45]	B flare star
	B (DO Cephei)				M4.0V [6]	0.176	11.41	13.38
DEN 1048-3956		13.1932 ±0.0027	Ant *	10h 48m 14.7s −39° 56′ 06″	M8.5V [6]	0.08	17.39	19.37	247.2156 ±0.0512 [8]	[46] [47]
Ross 614 (V577 Monocerotis, Gliese 234)	A (LHS 1849)	13.363 ±0.040	Mon *	06h 29m 23.4s −02° 48′ 50″	M4.5V [6]	0.223	11.15	13.09	244.07 ±0.73 [48]	A flare star
	B (LHS 1850)				M5.5V	0.111	14.23	16.17
UGPS J0722-0540§		13.43 ±0.13	Mon	07h 22m 27.3s –05° 40′ 30″	T9 [6]	0.010-0.025	16.52 J [49]	18.45 J	242.8 ±2.4 [50]	[51]
Wolf 1061 (Gliese 628, BD−12°4523)		14.0500 ±0.0016	Oph	16h 30m 18.1s −12° 39′ 45″	M3.0V [6]	0.294	10.07	11.93	232.1390 ±0.0268 [8]	three planets (b, c, and d) (2015) [52]
Van Maanen's star (Gliese 35, LHS 7)‡		14.0718 ±0.0011	Psc *	00h 49m 09.9s +05° 23′ 19″	DZ7 [6]	0.67	12.38	14.21	231.7800 ±0.0183 [8]	closest-known free-floating white dwarf, third-known white dwarf possible debris disk (1917)
Gliese 1 (CD−37°15492)		14.1747 ±0.0022	Scl *	00h 05m 24.4s −37° 21′ 27″	M1.5 V [6]	0.45-0.48	8.55	10.35	230.0970 ±0.0362 [8]
TZ Arietis (Gliese 83.1, L 1159–16)		14.5780 ±0.0046	Ari	02h 00m 13.2s +13° 03′ 08″	M4.5V [6]	0.14	12.27	14.03	223.7321 ±0.0699 [8]	flare star, has one confirmed planet (b) [53]
Wolf 424 (FL Virginis, LHS 333, Gliese 473)	A	14.595 ±0.031	Vir	12h 33m 17.2s +09° 01′ 15″	M5.5Ve	0.143	13.18	14.97	223.4775 ±0.4665 [8]	flare stars
	B				M7Ve	0.131	13.17	14.96
Gliese 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946)		14.8395 ±0.0014	Dra	17h 36m 25.9s +68° 20′ 21″	M3.0V [6]	0.401	9.17	10.89	219.7898 ±0.0210 [8]	possible flare star, two planets (b) (2014) [54] and (c) (2020) [55]
Gliese 674 (LHS 449)		14.8492 ±0.0018	Ara *	17h 28m 39.9s −46° 53′ 43″	M3.0V [6]	0.35	9.38	11.09	219.6463 ±0.0262 [8]	one planet (b) (2007) [56]
LHS 292 (LP 731-58)		14.8706 ±0.0041	Sex *	10h 48m 12.6s −11° 20′ 14″	M6.5V [6]	0.08	15.60	17.32	219.3302 ±0.0602 [8]	flare star
Gliese 440 (WD 1142-645, LP 145-141)‡		15.1226 ±0.0013	Mus *	11h 45m 42.9s −64° 50′ 29″	DQ6 [6]	0.75	11.50	13.18	215.6753 ±0.0181 [8]
Gliese 1245	A (G 208-44 A)	15.2001 ±0.0034	Cyg	19h 53m 54.2s +44° 24′ 55″	M5.5V [6]	0.11	13.46	15.17	214.5745 ±0.0476 [8]	flare stars
	B (G 208-45)			19h 53m 55.2s +44° 24′ 56″	M6.0V [6]	0.10	14.01	15.72
	C (G 208-44 B)			19h 53m 54.2s +44° 24′ 55″	M5.5	0.07	16.75	18.46
WISE 1741+2553§		15.22 ±0.20	Her *	17h 41m 24.2s +25° 53′ 19″	T9		16.53 J	18.18 J	214.3 ±2.8 [57]
Gliese 876 (Ross 780)		15.2382 ±0.0025	Aqr	22h 53m 16.7s −14° 15′ 49″	M3.5V [6]	0.37	10.17	11.81	214.0380 ±0.0356 [8]	four planets (d (2005), c (2001), b (1998), and e (2010)) [58]
WISE 1639-6847§		15.450 ±0.041	TrA *	16h 39m 40.9s −68° 47′ 46″	Y0.5		20.57 J	22.10 J	211.11 ±0.56 [59]
LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23)		15.7586 ±0.0034	Car	10h 44m 21.2s −61° 12′ 36″	M5.5V [6]	0.11 [6]	13.90	15.51	206.9698 ±0.0448 [8]
Gliese 1002		15.8060 ±0.0036	Cet	00h 06m 43.8s −07° 32′ 22″	M5.5V [6]	0.11	13.76	15.40	206.3500 ±0.0474 [8]	two known planets (b & c, 2022) [60]
DEN 0255-4700§		15.877 ±0.014	Eri	02h 55m 03.7s −47° 00′ 52″	L7.5V [6]	0.025-0.065	22.92	24.44	205.4251 ±0.1857 [8]	[47]
Groombridge 1618 (Gliese 380)$		15.8857 ±0.0017	UMa	10h 11m 22.1s +49° 27′ 15″	K7.0V [6]	0.67	6.59	8.16	205.3148 ±0.0224 [8]	flare star, one suspected debris disk
Gliese 412	A	15.9969 ±0.0026	UMa	11h 05m 28.6s +43° 31′ 36″	M1.0V [6]	0.48	8.77	10.34	203.8876 ±0.0332 [8]
	B (WX Ursae Majoris)			11h 05m 30.4s +43° 31′ 18″	M5.5V [6]	0.10	14.48	16.05		flare star
AD Leonis		16.1939 ±0.0024	Leo	10h 19m 36.4s +19° 52′ 10″	M3.0V [6]	0.39-0.42	9.32	10.87	201.4064 ±0.0296 [8]	flare star, 1 refuted planet (b [15] in 2020) [61]
Gliese 832		16.2005 ±0.0019	Gru *	21h 33m 34.0s −49° 00′ 32″	M1.5 V [6]	0.45	8.66	10.20	201.3252 ±0.0237 [8]	possible flare star, two planets; one confirmed (b (2008)), [62] and the other now refuted (c (2014)) [63] [64]
Gliese 682 (CD-44 11909)		16.3328 ±0.0026	Sco *	17h 37m 03.7s –44° 19′ 09″	M4 V	0.27	10.95	12.45	199.6944 ±0.0312 [8]	has 2 disputed planets
Omicron2 Eridani (40 Eridani, Gliese 166)	Keid (A)$	16.3330 ±0.0042	Eri	04h 15m 16.3s −07° 39′ 10″	K0.5 V	0.84	4.43#	5.93	199.6911 ±0.0512 [8]	has 1 known planet
	B‡			04h 15m 21.8s −07° 39′ 29″	DA4	0.573	9.52	11.02
	C			04h 15m 21.5s −07° 39′ 22″	M4 V	0.2036	11.24	12.74
EV Lacertae		16.4761 ±0.0018	Lac *	22h 46m 49.7s +44° 20′ 02″	M3.5 V	0.35	10.22	11.70	197.9573 ±0.0220 [8]	record setting stellar flare observed
70 Ophiuchi (Gliese 702)	A$	16.7074 ±0.0087	Oph	18h 05m 27.4s +02° 29′ 59″	K0 V	0.90	4.21#	5.66	195.2166 ±0.1012 [45]
	B$			18h 05m 27.5s +02° 29′ 56″	K5 V	0.70	6.01#	7.46
Altair (Alpha Aquilae)$		16.730 ±0.049	Aql *	19h 50m 47.0s +08° 52′ 06″	A7 IV-Vn	1.79	0.77#	2.22	194.95 ±0.57 [65]
EI Cancri (GJ 1116, G 9-38)	A	16.800 ±0.011	Cnc	08h 58m 15.2s +19° 45′ 47″	M5.5 V	0.12	14.06	15.50	194.1443 ±0.1228 [8]
	B				M V	0.10	14.92	16.36
WISE J150649.97+702736.1§		16.856 ±0.052	UMi *	15h 06m 52.4s +70° 27′ 25″	T6		13.74 J	15.17 J	193.5 ±0.6 [57]
GJ 3379 (G 99-49)		16.9861 ±0.0027	Ori *	06h 00m 03.5s +02° 42′ 24″	M3.5 V	0.2312	11.31	12.73	192.0135 ±0.0310 [8]
DENIS J081730.0-615520§		17.002 ±0.037	Car	08h 17m 30.1s −61° 55′ 16″	T6	0.015	13.61 J	15.03 J	191.8362 ±0.4186 [8]
Gliese 445 (LHS 2459, G 254-29)		17.1368 ±0.0017	Cam *	11h 47m 41.4s +78° 41′ 28″	M3.5 V	0.14	10.79	12.19	190.3251 ±0.0194 [8]
2MASS J15404342−5101357		17.3738 ±0.0046	Nor *	15h 40m 43.5s −51° 01′ 36″	M7 V	0.090	15.26	16.63	187.7290 ±0.0496 [8]
2MASS 0939−2448	A§	17.41 ±0.44	Ant	09h 39m 35.5s −24° 48′ 28″	T8 V	0.019–0.048	15.61 J	16.97 J	187.3 ±4.6 [66]	binary brown dwarf
	B§				T8 V	0.019–0.038
Gliese 3323 (LHS 1723, LP 656-38)		17.5309 ±0.0026	Eri	05h 01m 57.4s −06° 56′ 46″	M4 V	0.1705	12.22	13.57	186.0466 ±0.0277 [8]	has 2 known planets
Gliese 526 (Wolf 498, HD 119850)		17.7263 ±0.0024	Boo *	13h 45m 43.8s +14° 53′ 29″	M1 V	0.28	8.46	9.78	183.9962 ±0.0253 [8]
Stein 2051 (Gliese 169.1, G 175-34)	A	17.9925 ±0.0020	Cam	04h 31m 11.5s +58° 58′ 37″	M4 V	0.252	11.04	12.33	181.2730 ±0.0203 [8]
	B‡			04h 31m 12.6s +58° 58′ 41″	DC5	0.675	12.43	13.72
WISEP J111448.80-261828.2§		18.20 ±0.14	Hya	11h 14m 51.3s −26° 18′ 24″	T7.5	0.029–0.048	15.86 J	17.12 J	179.2 ±1.4 [67]
Gliese 251 (Wolf 294, HD 265866)		18.2146 ±0.0028	Gem *	06h 54m 49.0s +33° 16′ 05″	M3 V	0.360	10.02	11.29	179.0629 ±0.0280 [8]	has 1 known planet
LP 816-60		18.3305 ±0.0038	Cap *	20h 52m 33.0s −16° 58′ 29″	M3.5 V	0.224	11.50	12.75	177.9312 ±0.0365 [8]
WISE 0350−5658§		18.49 ±0.24	Ret *	03h 50m 00.3s −56° 58′ 30″	Y1		22.47 J	23.70 J	176.4 ±2.3 [68]
WISEA J183537.82+325945.4		18.5534 ±0.0049	Lyr *	18h 35m 37.9s +32° 59′ 55″	M8.5 V	0.053	18.27	19.50	175.7930 ±0.0468 [8]
Gliese 205 (Wolf 1453, HD 36395)		18.6042 ±0.0022	Ori	05h 31m 27.4s −03° 40′ 38″	M1 V	0.556	7.95	9.17	175.3131 ±0.0204 [8]	has 2 candidate planets
WISE J041521.21-093500.6§		18.62 ±0.18	Eri	04h 15m 19.5s −09° 35′ 07″	T8	0.03	15.34 J	16.56 J	175.2 ±1.7 [67]
Gliese 229 (HD 42581)	A	18.7906 ±0.0018	Lep *	06h 10m 34.6s −21° 51′ 53″	M1.5 V	0.579	8.14	9.34	173.5740 ±0.0170 [8]	has 2 known planets
	B§				T6 V	0.058	14.01 J	15.21 J
Alsafi (Sigma Draconis)$		18.7993 ±0.0081	Dra	19h 32m 21.6s +69° 39′ 40″	G9 V	0.85	4.67#	5.87	173.4939 ±0.0748 [8]
Ross 47 (Gliese 213)		18.8883 ±0.0031	Ori	05h 42m 09.3s +12° 29′ 21″	M4 V	0.35	11.57	12.76	172.6762 ±0.0286 [8]
Gliese 570 (Lalande 27173, 33 G. Librae)	A$	19.1987 ±0.0074	Lib *	14h 57m 28.0s −21° 24′ 56″	K4 V	0.802	5.64#	6.79	169.8843 ±0.0653 [8]
	B				M1.5 V	0.55	8.30	9.45
	C				M	0.35	9.96	11.11
	D§				T7.5	0.05	15.32 J	16.47 J
Gliese 693 (Luyten 205–128)		19.2078 ±0.0053	Pav	17h 46m 32.4s −57° 19′ 09″	M3 V	0.26	10.76	11.91	169.8042 ±0.0465 [8]
Gliese 754 (Luyten 347–14)		19.2724 ±0.0067	Tel *	19h 20m 48.0s −45° 33′ 30″	M4 V	0.173	12.23	13.37	169.2351 ±0.0588 [8]	has 1 candidate planet
Gliese 908 (Lalande 46650, BR Piscium)		19.2745 ±0.0032	Psc	23h 49m 12.5s +02° 24′ 04″	M1 V	0.37	8.98	10.12	169.2163 ±0.0281 [8]
Gliese 752 (Wolf 1055, HD 180617)	A	19.2922 ±0.0027	Aql	19h 16m 55.3s +05° 10′ 08″	M2.5 V	0.46	9.10	10.24	169.0615 ±0.0239 [8]	has 1 known planet
	B (VB 10)			19h 16m 57.6s +05° 09′ 02″	M8 V	0.075	17.45	18.59		very small and very dim red dwarf
Gliese 588 (CD-40 9712)		19.2996 ±0.0031	Lup *	15h 32m 12.9s −41° 16′ 32″	M2.5 V	0.43	9.31	10.45	168.9965 ±0.0270 [8]	has 2 candidate planets
Eta Cassiopeiae (Gliese 34)	Achird (A)$	19.3314 ±0.0025	Cas *	00h 49m 06.3s +57° 48′ 55″	G3 V	0.972	3.46#	4.60	168.7186 ±0.0216 [8]
	B				K7 V	0.57	7.51	8.65
36 Ophiuchi (Gliese 663)	Guniibuu (A)$	19.4185 ±0.0036	Oph	17h 15m 20.9s −26° 36′ 09″	K1.5 V	0.85	5.07#	6.20	167.9617 ±0.0311 [8]
	B$			17h 15m 21.0s −26° 36′ 10″	K1 V	0.85	5.08#	6.21
	C$			17h 16m 13.4s −26° 32′ 46″	K5 V	0.71	6.32#	7.45
YZ Canis Minoris (Ross 882, Gliese 285)		19.5330 ±0.0040	CMi	07h 44m 40.2s +03° 33′ 09″	M4 V	0.308	11.19	12.30	166.9769 ±0.0343 [8]
WISE 1541−2250§		19.54 ±0.24	Lib	15h 41m 51.6s −22° 50′ 25″	Y0.5	0.011	20.99 J	22.10 J	166.9 ±2.0 [68]
GJ 1005 (Luyten 722-22, G 158-50)	A	19.577 ±0.035	Cet	00h 15m 28.1s −16° 08′ 02″	M3.5 V	0.179	11.60	12.71	166.6 ±0.3 [69]	distance uncertain: 16.28±0.75, 17.91±0.67, 17.0±1.5, 16.26±0.76, 17.26, 19.695±0.095 ly
	B				M V	0.112	14.02	15.13
HR 7703 (279 G. Sagittarii, HD 191408, Gliese 783, IRAS 20079-3614)	A$	19.609 ±0.013	Sgr	20h 11m 11.93s –36° 06′ 04″	K2.5 V	0.65	5.31#	6.41	166.3272 ±0.1065 [8]
	B				M4 V	0.24	11.50	12.60
82 G. Eridani (e Eridani, Gliese 139, HD 20794)$		19.7045 ±0.0093	Eri	03h 19m 55.7s −43° 04′ 11″	G8 V	0.70	4.26#	5.35	165.5242 ±0.0784 [8]	has 3 confirmed planets, 3 candidate planets, hot and cold dust disks
Gliese 268 (Ross 986, QY Aurigae)	A	19.7414 ±0.0076	Aur *	07h 10m 01.8s 38° 31′ 46″	M4.5 V	0.226	12.05	13.14	165.2147 ±0.0636 [8]
	B				M V	0.192	12.45	13.54
Delta Pavonis $		19.893 ±0.015	Pav	20h 08m 43.6s −66° 10′ 55″	G8 IV	1.051	3.55#	4.62	163.9544 ±0.1222 [8]	has 1 candidate planet
SIMP0136§		19.955 ±0.057	Psc	01h 36m 56.5s +09° 33′ 47″	T2.5	0.012	13.25 J	14.32 J	163.4478 ±0.4629 [8]	rogue planet, 12.7 MJ
2MASS 0937+2931§		19.96 ±0.22	Leo	09h 37m 34.9s 29° 31′ 41″	T7	0.040	14.65 J	15.71 J	163.39 ±1.76 [70]
System	Star or (sub-) brown dwarf	Distance (ly (±err)) [7]	Constellation	Coordinates: RA,  Dec (Ep J2000, Eq  J2000) [6]	Stellar class	Mass M☉	App.	Abs.	Parallax (mas (±err)) [6] [note 1]	Notes and additional references
Designation							Magnitude (m V [6] or m J )

Distant future and past encounters

Distances of the nearest stars from 20,000 years ago until 80,000 years in the future

Visualisation of the orbit of the Sun (yellow dot and white curve) around the Galactic Centre (GC) in the last galactic year. The red dots correspond to the positions of the stars studied by the European Southern Observatory in a monitoring programme.

Over long periods of time, the slow independent motion of stars change in both relative position and in their distance from the observer. This can cause other currently distant stars to fall within a stated range, which may be readily calculated and predicted using accurate astrometric measurements of parallax and total proper motions, along with spectroscopically determined radial velocities. Although predictions can be extrapolated back into the past or forward into the future, they are subject to increasing significant cumulative errors over very long periods. ^[2] Inaccuracies of these measured parameters make determining the true minimum distances of any encountering stars or brown dwarfs fairly difficult. ^[72]

One of the first stars known to approach the Sun particularly close is Gliese 710. The star, whose mass is roughly half that of the Sun, is currently 62 light-years from the Solar System. It was first noticed in 1999 using data from the Hipparcos satellite, and was estimated will pass less than 1.3 light-years (0.40 pc) from the Sun in 1.4 million years. ^[73] With the release of Gaia's observations of the star, it has since been refined to a much closer 0.178 light-years (0.055 pc), close enough to significantly disturb objects in the Oort cloud, which extends out to 1.2 light-years (0.37 pc) from the Sun. ^[74]

Gaia's third data release has provided updated values for many of the candidates in the table below. ^{[75] [76] [77] [78]}

Stars that are known to have passed or will pass within 5 light-years of the Sun in the past or future ^{[79] [80] [81]}

Star name	HIP number	Minimum distance (light-years)	Date of approach in thousands of years	Current distance (light-years)	Stellar classification	Mass in M☉	Current apparent magnitude	Current Constellation	Current Right ascension	Current Declination
Gliese 710	89825	0.167±0.012	1296+24 −23	62.248±0.020	K7V	0.4–0.6	9.6	Serpens	18h 19m 50.843s	−01° 56′ 18.98″
HD 7977	N/A	0.478+0.104 −0.078	−2764+28 −29	246.74±0.60	G0V	~1.2	9.04	Cassiopeia	01h 20m 31.597s	+61° 52′ 57.08″
Scholz's Star and companion brown dwarf	N/A	0.82+0.37 −0.22	−78.5±0.7	22.2±0.2	A: M9V B: T5	A: 0.095 B: 0.063	18.3	Monoceros	07h 20m 03.20s	−08° 46′ 51.2″
2MASS J0628+1845	N/A	1.61+0.28 −0.24	1720+150 −130	272.28±0.80	M2.5V	0.28	16.2	Gemini	06h 28m 11.593s	+18° 45′ 12.91″
2MASS J0805+4624	N/A	1.610+0.099 −0.092	−363+13 −14	238.1±1.0	M3V	0.25	17.0	Lynx	08h 05m 29.038s	+46° 24′ 51.78″
CD-69 2001	N/A	1.616+0.070 −0.068	−1907±10	332.61±0.55	K4V	0.61	11.13	Indus	21h 40m 31.514s	−69° 25′ 14.58″
HD 49995	N/A	1.70+0.23 −0.20	−4034+94 −98	439.74±0.59	A: F3V B: M1V	A: 1.48 B: 0.49	8.78	Canis Major	06h 50m 20.810s	−18° 37′ 30.58″
2MASS J0621-0101	N/A	1.71+0.46 −0.39	−3206+68 −66	428.8±3.1	G5V	0.96	11.9	Orion	06h 21m 34.807s	−01° 01′ 55.01″
LSPM J2146+3813	N/A	1.8557±0.0048	84.59±0.19	22.9858±0.0034	M5V	~0.15	10.82	Cygnus	21h 46m 22.285s	+38° 13′ 03.12″
2MASS J0455+1144	N/A	1.94+0.16 −0.15	1702+58 −54	349.50±0.80	M0V	0.50	15.3	Orion	04h 55m 21.427s	+11° 44′ 41.25″
2MASS J0734-0637	N/A	1.950±0.021	−554.6±3.3	130.66±0.12	M0V	0.50	12.9	Monoceros	07h 34m 39.097s	−06° 37′ 12.21″
2MASS J1151-0313	N/A	1.98+0.20 −0.18	1017+60 −54	125.88±0.41	M3.5V	0.23	15.3	Virgo	11h 51m 37.434s	−03° 13′ 45.24″
UCAC4 076–006432	N/A	2.042+0.034 −0.033	−893.8+7.9 −8.0	212.41±0.15	mid K	~0.6	12.69	Mensa	06h 34m 29.385s	−74° 49′ 47.12″
2MASS J0120+4739	N/A	2.25+0.17 −0.15	473+27 −25	237.56±0.66	M3.5V	0.25	16.5	Andromeda	01h 20m 04.561s	+47° 39′ 46.56″
TYC 6760–1510–1	N/A	2.46+0.19 −0.18	−1708+44 −47	102.89±0.16	M1.5V	0.58	11.5	Hydra	15h 00m 09.536s	−29° 05′ 27.67″
UCAC2 15719371	N/A	2.46±0.10	−4282+70 −73	280.80±0.26	K4V	0.66	12.58	Antlia	09h 44m 09.884s	−37° 45′ 31.09″
TYC 1662–1962–1	N/A	2.637+0.055 −0.054	−1536.6+9.0 −9.1	286.51±0.40	Early K	~0.8	10.95	Vulpecula	21h 14m 32.911s	+21° 53′ 32.76″
HD 179939	94512	2.65±0.17	3020±25	334.32±0.88	A3V	1.7	7.23	Aquila	19h 14m 10.043s	+07° 45′ 50.72″
BD-21 1529	N/A	2.701+0.059 −0.058	−1660.1±6.3	368.48±0.56	G5V	~0.95	9.67	Canis Major	06h 37m 48.004s	−21° 22′ 21.94″
2MASS J1310-1307	N/A	2.79+0.59 −0.47	−1520+150 −190	433.0±2.6	M2.5V	0.34	16.3	Virgo	13h 10m 30.804s	−13° 07′ 33.55″
UPM J1121-5549	N/A	2.803±0.020	−282.5+1.6 −1.7	72.498±0.029	M3V	0.29	13.5	Centaurus	11h 21m 18.136s	−55° 49′ 17.77″
UCAC4 464–006057	N/A	2.812+0.052 −0.051	932±11	101.570±0.086	Early M	~0.4	11.73	Taurus	04h 09m 02.050s	+02° 45′ 38.32″
UCAC4 213–008644	N/A	2.91+0.13 −0.12	−306+12 −13	80.987±0.048	M5.0	0.17	16.4	Puppis	06h 21m 54.714s	−47° 25′ 31.33″
Gliese 3649	N/A	3.016±0.024	−520.4±3.1	54.435±0.023	M1	0.49	10.85	Leo	11h 12m 38.97s	+18° 56′ 05.4″
Ross 248	N/A	3.0446±0.0077	38.500±0.096	10.3057±0.0014	M6V	0.136	12.29	Andromeda	23h 41m 54.99s	+44° 10′ 40.8″
2MASS J1921-1244	N/A	3.08+0.21 −0.19	−3490+120 −130	376.46±0.73	K6V	0.69	12.46	Sagittarius	19h 21m 58.124s	−12° 43′ 58.61″
Proxima Centauri	70890	3.123±0.015	28.65±0.27	4.24646±0.00028	M5Ve	0.15	11.05	Centaurus	14h 29m 42.949s	−62° 40′ 46.14″
TYC 9387–2515–1	N/A	3.220+0.081 −0.079	−1509.1+8.6 −8.7	401.96±0.54	K1V	0.86	11.45	Mensa	06h 18m 54.643s	−80° 19′ 16.54″
Alpha Centauri AB	A: 71683 B: 71685	3.242±0.060	29.63+1.00 −0.98	4.321±0.024	A: G2V B: K1V	A: 1.100 B: 0.907 [82]	A: -0.01 B: +1.33	Centaurus	14h 39m 36.495s	−60° 50′ 02.31″
Gliese 445	57544	3.3400±0.0051	46.341±0.065	17.1368±0.0017	M4	0.15?	10.8	Camelopardalis	11h 47m 41.377s	+78° 41′ 28.18″
2MASS J1638-6355	N/A	3.37+0.29 −0.28	−1428+21 −22	468.5±4.2	K2V	0.82	12.44	Triangulum Australe	16h 38m 21.759s	−63° 55′ 13.16″
2MASS J0542+3217	N/A	3.43+0.75 −0.71	5823+89 −87	884.6±2.4	A: G4V B: K0V	A: 1.01 B: 0.85	12.80	Auriga	05h 42m 38.349s	+32° 17′ 29.85″
2MASS J0625-2408	N/A	3.700+0.082 −0.080	−1874±14	534.88±0.93	K/M	~0.5	12.91	Canis Major	06h 25m 42.744s	−24° 08′ 35.02″
Barnard's Star	87937	3.7682±0.0031	11.735±0.013	5.96290±0.00044	sdM4	0.144	9.54	Ophiuchus	17h 57m 48.498s	+04° 41′ 36.25″
BD+05 1792	N/A	3.965±0.040	−962.7±3.0	239.73±0.33	G2V	1.07	8.58	Gemini	07h 48m 07.037s	+05° 27′ 22.51″
2MASS J2241-2759	N/A	4.05±0.16	−2810+37 −38	411.06±0.76	K7V	~0.5	12.28	Piscis Austrinus	22h 41m 50.996s	−27° 59′ 47.04″
2MASS J1724-0522	N/A	4.15+0.26 −0.25	3058+54 −52	489.5±1.3	K0V	0.86	12.73	Ophiuchus	17h 24m 55.056s	−05° 22′ 11.45″
StKM 1–554	N/A	4.217+0.036 −0.035	−549.9+2.9 −3.0	151.97±0.19	M0V	0.65	12.17	Orion	05h 14m 01.871s	+05° 22′ 56.26″
Gliese 3379	N/A	4.227±0.024	−157.43+0.93 −0.94	16.9861±0.0027	M3.5V	0.19	11.31	Orion	06h 00m 03.824s	+02° 42′ 22.97″
2MASS J1936+3627	N/A	4.23+0.62 −0.57	3830+120 −110	671.6±3.4	G5.5V	0.95	12.2	Cygnus	19h 36m 57.294s	+36° 27′ 57.71″
2MASS J0710+5228	N/A	4.303±0.039	507.6+3.8 −3.7	90.949±0.050	M3V	0.33	12.52	Lynx	07h 10m 52.167s	+52° 28′ 18.49″
HD 146248	N/A	4.341+0.040 −0.039	−1141.5±3.7	334.87±0.47	G2/3IV	1.23	9.47	Triangulum Australe	16h 19m 27.875s	−64° 50′ 34.38″
2MASS J1724+0355	N/A	4.37±0.12	1991+38 −37	254.99±0.26	G8V	0.85	12.54	Ophiuchus	17h 24m 34.633s	+03° 55′ 26.75″
StKM 1–1456	N/A	4.396±0.043	1240.2+6.9 −6.8	144.934±0.095	A: K5V B: M8V	A: 0.81 B: 0.09	10.58	Hercules	17h 17m 31.118s	+15° 34′ 55.35″
Zeta Leporis	27288	4.43+0.33 −0.30	−878+42 −46	72.81±0.40	A2Vann	2.0	3.55	Lepus	05h 46m 57.341s	−14° 49′ 19.02″
Lalande 21185	54035	4.6807±0.0055	21.973±0.033	8.30437±0.00068	M2V	0.39	7.52	Ursa Major	11h 03m 20.194s	+35° 58′ 11.55″
HD 68814	40317	4.724+0.090 −0.089	−2242±13	259.85±0.30	G6V	0.98	9.57	Hydra	08h 13m 57.112s	−04° 03′ 12.56″
2MASS J1941-4602	N/A	4.814+0.050 −0.049	−456.5+4.1 −4.2	66.848±0.033	M4-M6	~0.15	12.4	Telescopium	19h 41m 53.18s	−46° 02′ 31.4″

Schematic view to scale of past and future close approaches of stars to the Sun (Up to 4.5 light-years)

See also

• Interstellar travel
• Location of Earth
• The Magnificent Seven
• Nearby Stars Database
• Solar System#Galactic context
• Stars and planetary systems in fiction

Related lists

• List of stars with resolved images
• List of brightest stars
• List of star systems within 20–25 light-years
• List of star systems within 25–30 light-years
• List of star systems within 30–35 light-years
• List of star systems within 35–40 light-years
• List of star systems within 40–45 light-years
• List of star systems within 45–50 light-years
• List of nearest bright stars
  • Historical brightest stars
• List of nearest exoplanets
• List of nearest terrestrial exoplanet candidates
• List of nearest free floating planetary mass objects
• List of nearby stellar associations and moving groups
• List of star-forming regions in the Local Group
• Lists of stars
• List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion
• List of trans-Neptunian objects
• List of nearest known black holes

Notes

1. Parallaxes given by RECONS are a weighted mean of values in the sources given, as well as measurements by the RECONS program.

References

1. Weaver, Harold F. (1947). "The Visibility of Stars Without Optical Aid". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 59 (350): 232–243. Bibcode:1947PASP...59..232W. doi:10.1086/125956.
2. Matthews, R. A. (1994). "The Close Approach of Stars in the Solar Neighborhood". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 35: 1. Bibcode:1994QJRAS..35....1M.
3. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Rybizki, J.; Andrae, R.; Fouesnea, M. (2018). "New stellar encounters discovered in the second Gaia data release". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616 (37): A37. arXiv: 1805.07581 . Bibcode:2018A&A...616A..37B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833456. S2CID   56269929.
4. Hall, Shannon (28 May 2018). "Known Close Stellar Encounters Surge in Number". Sky and Telescope. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
5. de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl; de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos (2022). "An Update on the Future Flyby of Gliese 710 to the Solar System Using Gaia DR3: Flyby Parameters Reproduced, Uncertainties Reduced". Research Notes of the AAS . 6 (6): 136. Bibcode:2022RNAAS...6..136D. doi: 10.3847/2515-5172/ac7b95 .
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External links

• "The 100 nearest star systems", Research Consortium on Nearby Stars
• "NStars database". Northern Arizona University . Archived from the original on October 30, 2005. Retrieved October 24, 2005.
• Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (18 March 2001). "Map of the 25 nearest star systems". Astronomy Picture of the Day . NASA . Retrieved 24 October 2005.
• "Notable Nearby Stars". SolStation. Retrieved 24 October 2005.
• "Cool stars in the solar Neighbourhood". D. Montes, UCM. Retrieved 14 November 2005.
• The dynamics of the closest stars
• Takeda, G.; E. B. Ford; A. Sills; F. A. Rasio; D. A. Fischer; J. A. Valenti (2006). "Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets II. Physical Properties of ~ 1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog". California & Carnegie Planet Search. Retrieved 13 October 2006.
• Nearest Stars 3D View
• Table 4 "The Census of Stars and Brown Dwarfs within 8 Parsecs of the Sun" in Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; et al. (2012). "Further Defining Spectral Type "Y" and Exploring the Low-mass End of the Field Brown Dwarf Mass Function". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 156. arXiv: 1205.2122 . Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..156K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/156. S2CID   119279752.