List of prehistoric sites in Colorado

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A map of the United States of America with the State of Colorado highlighted.

This list of prehistoric sites in Colorado includes historical and archaeological sites of humans from their earliest times in Colorado to just before the Colorado historic period, which ranges from about 12,000 BC to AD 19th century. The Period is defined by the culture enjoyed at the time, from the earliest hunter-gatherers, the Paleo-Indians, through to the prehistoric parents to the modern Native Americans.

Contents

There were more than 56,500 recorded prehistoric sites in Colorado by 1996. [1] Important historic and archaeological sites are registered nationally with the National Register of Historic Places (National register) and within the state's Colorado State Register of Historic Properties (State register). Most of the sites below are registered in one more both registers and was the source for most of the information for this section: [2] [3]

Prehistoric sites in Colorado

#SiteCountyPeriodDate rangeSite typeCulturesHistoric registerComments
35 Albert Porter Pueblo
(Site ID 5MT.123)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloAD late 12th century - early 13th centuryResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
27 Anasazi Heritage Center
(Site ID 5MT.6599)
Montezuma, near DoloresAncient PuebloAD 1120 - 1200ResidentialNational, State
16 Ansel Hall Ruin
(5DL.27)
Dolores, near CahoneAncient PuebloResidentialNorthern San JuanNational, State
91Apishapa River area sitesOtero, near FowlerPlains villageAD 1000 - 1350Residential Apishapa phase Sites include: Cramer, Canterbury, Snake Blakeslee, Juan Baca, Munsell.
56Barger Gulch Locality BGrand, near KremmlingEarly Paleo-Indian14,999 - 9000 BCCampNationalNot listed on the State Register site.
36 Bass site
(Site ID 5MT.136)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloAD late 12th century - early 13th centuryResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit
78Bayou GulchDouglas, near ParkerEarly Archaic-ProtohistoricBC - ADCampsiteMcKean complex
84Bellwood sitePueblo, near Colorado CityPlains WoodlandAD 395 - 505ResidentialBellwood type site, Graneros phase, Arkansas River basin.
30 Bement site
(Site ID 5MT.4388)
Montezuma, near MancosAncient PuebloAD 750 - 850
AD 1000-1150
ResidentialState
7Bloomfield Site
(Site ID SME395)
Mesa, near WhitewaterArchaic8999 BC - AD 1799ExtractiveNational, State
73 Bradford House II
(Site ID 5JF51)
Jefferson, near LittletonArchaic, Prehistoric499 BC - 1749 ADResidentialNational, StateThe state register reports occupancy from 3000 BC - AD 1540.
74Bradford House III
(Site ID 5JF52)
Jefferson, near MorrisonArchaic, Plains Woodland4999 BC - AD 1000VillageNational, StateFrom the State register, at least five occupations (2 Archaic periods, 3 Plains Woodland).
17 Brewer Archaeological District
(Site ID 5DL.578)
Dolores, near Dove CreekAncient PuebloAD 1000-1300ResidentialState
83 Calhan Paint Mines Archeological District
(Site ID 5EP.3258)
El Paso, near CalhanArchaic to prehistoric499 BC - AD 1900Campsite Cody complex, Duncan Complex, Apishapa culture National, StateThe State register shows historical significance starting about 8100 BC.
3 Cañon Pintado
(Site ID 5RB.984)
Rio Blanco, near RangelyPlains, prehistoric500 - 1899 ADCampsite, Rock artFremont, UteNational, StateVisited by Dominguez-Escalante Expedition in 1776.
28 Canyons of the Ancients National Monument Montezuma and Dolores countiesPaleo-Indian, Basket Makers, Ancient Pueblo6000 BC - AD mid- 12th centuryCampsite, residentialNational, State Lowry Pueblo, Sand Canyon Pueblo and Roy's Ruin
48Carnero Creek Pictographs Historical Site (La Garita)
(Site ID 5SH.48)
Saguache, near La GaritaPrehistoricAD 1000 - 1749Rock ArtNational, StateAlso a National Significant Archaeological Site.
4Carrot Men Pictograph Site
(Site ID AR-05-101-98)
Rio Blanco, near RangelyPrehistoric500 - 1499 ADCampsiteNational, State
1Castle Park Archeological District
(Site ID 5MF.5803)
Moffat, near DinosaurPrehistoric1500 - 1000 BC
AD 1000 - 1899
Residential Fremont, Ute, Shoshone National, State
81 Cedar Point Village Elbert, near LimonResidential Dismal River culture
49Chance Gulch Site
(Site ID 5GN.817)
Gunnison, near GunnisonPaleo-Indian, Archaic, Prehistoric10,999 - 9000 BC
5500 - 6499 BC
AD 0 - 499
CampsiteNational, State
47 Chimney Rock National Monument
(Site ID 5AA.985)
ArchuletaAncient PuebloAD 0 - 1500ResidentialNational, State
93Claypool
(Site ID 5WL18)
Washington, near OtisPaleo-Indian8000 - 5000 BCCampsite or kill site Clovis points, Cody complex The location is about 4 mi. e. and 19 mi. s. of Otis.
5Collage Shelter Site
(Site ID 5 RB820)
Rio Blanco, near RangelyPrehistoric500 AD - 1499 ADCampsiteFremontNational
86 Colorado Millennial Site
(Site ID 5LA1115)
Las Animas, near Ruxton; BacaPaleo-Indian, Archaic, Woodland, Prehistoric7000 BC - AD 1900Camp, village, rock artNational, StateSites: Hackberry Springs and Bloody Springs.
11Cottonwood Cave
(Site ID 5MN.519)
Montrose, near Nucla 270 BCResidentialStateLarge rock shelter, with the earliest finding of corn in Colorado.
18 Cowboy Wash Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 1150 - 1175Residential
19 Crow Canyon Archaeological Center Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloBefore AD 1300Residential
50Curecanti Archeological District
(Site ID 5GN.1728)
Gunnison, near GunnisonArchaic10,999 BC - AD 1749VillageNational, StateMany 5GN--- Site IDs.
43 Darkmold Site
(Site ID 5LP.4991)
La Plata, near DurangoArchaic, Basket maker220 BC - AD 750Campsite, residentialState
66 Dent site Weld, near MillikenPaleo-Indian9200 BCKill siteClovis
94Dipper Gap
(Site ID 5LO101)
Logan, near Stoneham (about 30 m. nne.)Middle to late ArchaicBCCampsite and residentialMcKean complex
14 Dolores Cave Montrose, near Uravan Pre-Pueblo, Ancient Pueblo, prehistoric600 BC to AD 1400ResidentialState
44 Durango Rock Shelters Archeology Site
(Site ID 5LP4134)
La Plata, near DurangoBasket makerAD 0 - 1000CampsiteNational, State
9Ferganchick Orchard Rock Art Site
(5DT.355)
Delta, near AustinWestern Archaic, prehistoricAD 0 - 1799Work of ArtUncompahgre Complex, UteNational, State
58Fourth of July Valley
(Site ID 5BL120)
Grand, near TabernashPaleo-Indian, Archaic7000 - 4000 BCCampsite, kill site, possibly residentialJames Allen, McKean cultures
67Fowlers Parrish
(Site ID 5WL100)
Weld, near OrchardPaleo-IndianBison kill and maybe butchery siteFolsom culture
76 Franktown Cave
(Site ID 5DA.272)
Douglas, near FranktownArchaic, Ceramic,
and Protohistoric
6400 BC - AD 1725Campsite, ResidentialNational, State
6Fremont Lookout Fortification Site
(Site ID AR-05-101-99)
Rio Blanco, near RangelyPrehistoric0 - 1499 ADCampsite, fortification.FremontNational, State
61Hatch site
(Site ID 5WL38)
WeldAgate Bluff site
20 Hawkins Preserve Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 1000 - 1150Residential, Rock art
79Helmer RanchDouglas, near WatertonEarly ArchaicCampsite Mount Albion complex
21 Hovenweep National Monument
(Site ID 5MT.604)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient Pueblo8000 BC - AD 1350Residential, Rock art, Solar calendarNational, State
70a Hungry Whistler Site
(Site ID 5BL67)
Boulder, near WardArchaicKill and butchery siteMount AlbionOn the slopes of Mount Albion.
85Indian Petroglyphs and Pictographs
(Site ID 5PE.14)
Pueblo, near PenrosePrehistoricAD 1000 - 1499Rock ArtUteNational, StateIn Turkey Creek Canyon.
32 James A. Lancaster Site
(Site ID 5MT.4803)
Montezuma, near Pleasant ViewAncient PuebloResidentialNational, StateAlso called Clawson Ruin. McElmo Drainage Unit.
37 Joe Ben Wheat Site Complex
(Site ID 5MT.16722)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloAD 1075-1300ResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
95 Jones-Miller Bison Kill Site YumaPaleo-Indian8000 - 8050 BCBison kill and butchery Hell Gap complex
65 Jurgens Site
(Site ID 5WL 53)
Weld, near KerseyPaleo-Indian7150 BCBison butchery, campsite, residential Cody complex National, State
60Kaplan-Hoover Site
(Site ID 5LR3953)
Larimer, near WindsorArchaic999 - 500 BCKill and butchery siteNational, StateOne of the largest communal kill sites, used seasonally.
63Keota Stone Circles Archaeological District
(Site ID 5WL.662)
Weld, near KeotaPaleo-Indian through prehistoric6999 BC - AD 1799Campsite, villageNational, StateAlso known as D. J. Shull Tipi Ring Sites.
72Ken-Caryl South Valley Archaeological District
(Site ID 5JF.2758)
Jefferson, near Indian Hills3000 BC - 1000 ADCampsites, residential, multi-sites
77 Lamb Spring
(Site ID 5DA.83)
Douglas, near LittletonPaleo-Indian11,000 - 6500 BCCampsite Cody complex, othersNational, State
8Land's End Aboriginal Site
(Site ID 5ME.1057)
Mesa, near WhitewaterArchaicState
59 Lindenmeier site
(Site ID 5LR.13)
Larimer, near Fort CollinsPaleo-Indian, Archaic, prehistoric8600 - 8720 BCCampsite, residentialFolsomNational, State
75 LoDaisKa site
(Site ID 5JF.142)
Jefferson, near MorrisonArchaic, Ceramic (woodland periods)3000 BC - AD 1000Campsite, residentialNational, State
31 Lost Canyon Archeological District
(Site ID 5MT.10435)
Montezuma, near MancosAncient PuebloAD 1050-1300ResidentialNational, State
71 Magic Mountain site
(Site ID 5JF223)
Jefferson, near GoldenArchaic, woodland4999 BC - AD 1000Campsite, residentialNational, State
2 Mantle's Cave
(Site ID 5MF1)
Moffat, near DinosaurPrehistoric499 BC - AD 1749Residential, Rock art \ Petroglyph Fremont National, State
22 McElmo Drainage Unit
(many Site IDs)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 1075-1300PuebloNational, State Cannonball Ruins, Roy's Ruin, Sand Canyon, Wallace Ruins and other sites.
23 Mesa Verde National Park
(Site ID 5MT.9790)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 550 - 1300Residential, Rock artNational, State
24 Mitchell Springs Archeological Site
(Site ID 5MT.10991)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 500 - 1000ResidentialNational, State
70Mount AlbionBoulder or Grand County Mount Albion complex
25 Mud Springs Pueblo
(Site ID 5MT.4466)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 1000 - 1499ResidentialNational, StateAlso called Toltec Springs.
29 O'Brien Site
(Site ID 5MT.5518)
Montezuma, near DoloresAncient PuebloAD 1075 - 1150ResidentialState
Olsen-Chubbuck Bison Kill Site Cheyenne, near FirstviewPaleo-Indian, Plains8000-6500 B.C.Kill site Cody complex
57 Phillips-Williams Fork Reservoir Site Grand, near ParshallPaleo-IndianCampsite
Picture Canyon BacaPaleo-Indian, Plains Archaic, Plains Woodland, Apishapa culture Campsite, residential, rock art, solar calendar
89 Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site Las Animas, near TrinidadRock artOver 50 structure sites, including La Placita.
33 Pigge Site
(Site ID 5MT.4802)
Montezuma, near Pleasant ViewAncient PuebloResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
54Porcupine Peak Site
(Site ID 5ST98)
Summit, near DillonPaleo-Indian, prehistoric6999 BC - 1499 ADVillageNational, State
64Powars
(Site ID 5WL1369)
Weld, near KerseyPaleo-IndianCampsiteFolsomNear the Kersey site, i.e., Jurgens Site.
34 Puzzle House
(Site ID 5MT.11787)
Montezuma, near Pleasant ViewPre-Pueblo, Ancient PuebloAD 650 and twice between AD 1075-1225.ResidentialState
69Rock Creek Site
(Site ID 5BL2712)
Boulder, near BoulderArchaic, Ceramic5500-3300 BC,
AD 1-1550
Multi-componentState
80 Roxborough State Park Archaeological District
(Site ID 5DA.343)
Douglas, near WatertonPaleo-Indian, Archaic, woodland4999 BC - AD 1000Campsite, residentialNational, State
38 Seven Towers Pueblo
(Site ID 5MT.1000)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloAD 1150-1300ResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
10Savano Valley Rock Art Site
(Site ID 5MN.5)
Montose, near Montrose Archaic, Protohistoric1000 BC - AD 1881Work of ArtState
82Smiley Rock shelterElbert, near LimonResidentialUpper Republican
42 Spring Creek Archeological District
(Site ID 5LP.1254)
La Plata, near BayfieldBasket maker, Ancient Pueblo, prehistoric499 BC - AD 1824VillageAthabascan, Ute.National, State
12Tabeguache Cave
(Site ID 5MN.868)
Montrose, near Nucla ResidentialState
15 Tabeguache Cave II
(Site ID 5MN.890)
Montrose, near Uravan Pre-Pueblo, Ancient Pueblo, prehistoricAD 600 - 1500ResidentialState
13 Tabeguache Pueblo
(Site ID 5MN.1609)
Montrose, near Nucla Ancient PuebloAD 1100ResidentialState
45 Talus Village
(Site ID 5LP.4223)
La Plata, near DurangoBasket makerResidentialState
51Tenderfoot Archaeological Site
(Site ID 5GN.1835)
Gunnison, near GunnisonPrehistoricState
90Torres Cave Archeological Site
(Site ID 5AL1310)
Las Animas, near VillegreenWoodlandAD 1 - 1500Campsite Apishapa, Granersos, PanhandleNational, State
88 Trinchera Cave Archeological District
(Site ID 5LA9555)
Las Animas, near TrincheraArchaic, Apishapa culture 499 BC - AD 1749Campsite, residentialNational, State
52Unnamed site
(Site ID 5EA484)
Eagle, near BasaltArchaic, PrehistoricAD 1000-1499CampsiteUteNational, State
41 Unnamed site 5MT4700 Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
87Unnamed Sopris phase sites 5LA121, 5LA1416Las Animas, near SegundoPlains villageAD 1000 - 1225+Residential Sopris
46 Ute Mountain Ute Mancos Canyon Historic District
(Site ID 5MT.4342)
La Plata, near Red Mesa and MontezumaAncient PuebloAD 500 - 1499ResidentialNational, State
92Vogel Canyon
(Site ID 5OT.551)
Otero, near La JuntaPrehistoricState
68West Stoneham Archeological District
(Site ID 5WL.2180)
Weld, near StonehamPaleo-Indian, Archaic, prehistoric6999 BC - AD 1749Camp, ResidentialNational, State
62Wilbur Thomas Shelter
(Site ID 5WL45)
Weld, near CarrArchaic, Woodland (ceramic)McKean complex
55Windy Gap Archaeological site
(Site ID 5GA151)
Grand, near GranbyEarly Archaic
39 Woods Canyon Pueblo
(Site ID 5MT.11842)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloAD 13th centuryResidentialNational, State
53Yarmony House
(Site ID 5EA799)
Eagle, near RadiumPaleo-Indian, Archaic, Ceramic6499 - 1000 BCResidential Mount Albion complex, Archaic, Pinto, late prehistoricNational, StateAt least 5 periods of occupation.
40 Yellowjacket Pueblo
(Site ID 5MT.5)
Montezuma, near Yellow JacketAncient PuebloResidentialNational, StateMcElmo Drainage Unit.
26 Yucca House National Monument
(Site ID 5MT.5006)
Montezuma, near CortezAncient PuebloAD 1100 - 1300ResidentialNational, State

See also

Related Research Articles

National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado

There are more than 1,500 properties and historic districts in Colorado listed on the National Register of Historic Places. They are distributed over 63 of Colorado's 64 counties; only the City and County of Broomfield has none.

North Central Colorado Urban Area Metropolitan area of Colorado

The North Central Colorado Urban Area comprises the four contiguous metropolitan statistical areas in the north central region of the State of Colorado: the Denver–Aurora Metropolitan Statistical Area, the Boulder Metropolitan Statistical Area, the Fort Collins-Loveland Metropolitan Statistical Area, and the Greeley Metropolitan Statistical Area. With the exception of southeastern Elbert County, southeastern Park County, and tiny portions of southern Douglas County, the entire North Central Colorado Urban Area is drained by the South Platte River and its tributaries. The North Central Colorado Urban Area is the central, and the most populous, of the three primary subregions of the Front Range Urban Corridor.

South Central Colorado Urban Area Metropolitan area of Colorado

The South Central Colorado Urban Area comprises the Colorado Springs Metropolitan Statistical Area, the Pueblo Metropolitan Statistical Area, and the Cañon City Micropolitan Statistical Area in the central and south central region of the State of Colorado. With the exception of northern Teller County and small portions of northern El Paso County, the entire South Central Colorado Urban Area is drained by the Arkansas River and its tributaries. The South Central Colorado Urban Area is the southernmost of the three primary subregions of the Front Range Urban Corridor.

References

  1. Cassells, E. Steve. (1997) [1983] The Archaeology of Colorado. Boulder: Johnson Press. p. 91. ISBN   1-55566-193-9.
  2. National & State Registers. Archived 2012-04-24 at the Wayback Machine Colorado Historical Society, Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation. Retrieved 10-7-2011.
  3. National register in Colorado American Dreams, Inc. Retrieved 2011-10-7.

Coordinates: 38°59′50″N105°32′52″W / 38.9972°N 105.5478°W / 38.9972; -105.5478 (State of Colorado)