List of underground newspapers of the 1960s counterculture

This is a partial list of the local underground newspapers launched during the Sixties era of the hippie/psychedelic/youth/counterculture/New Left/antiwar movements, approximately 1965–1973. This list includes periodically appearing papers of general countercultural interest printed in a newspaper format, and specific to a particular locale.

Australia

• Sydney FTA , Sydney, 1970 ^[1]

Belgium

• Amenophis, Brussels, 1965–1975 ^{[1] [2]}
• Real Free Press , Antwerp

Canada

Alberta

• Canada Goose , Edmonton

British Columbia

• The Georgia Straight , Vancouver

Manitoba

• The Lovin' Couch Press , Winnipeg
• Ǒmṕhalǒs, Winnipeg ^[3]

Ontario

• Harbinger , Toronto
• Octopus , Ottawa (later Ottawa's Free Press)

Quebec

• Pop-See-Cul , Montreal, 1967–1968 ^[1]
• Mainmise , Montreal, 1970–1978 ^[1]

France

• Actuel , Paris
• Interluttes , Paris ^[4]

India

• Hungry Generation weekly bulletins, Calcutta (1961–1965)
• Krittibas

Italy

• Fuori!
• Re Nudo
• Tampax

United Kingdom

• Black Dwarf
• Brighton Voice
• Friends (later Frendz)
• Gandalf's Garden
• Ink
• International Times (also IT)
• Mole Express ^{[5] [6]}
• Oz

United States

See also: Underground press § List of U.S. underground papers

Alabama

• Exponent , University of Alabama in Huntsville, 1969–present ^[7]
• High gauge , Tuscaloosa ^[8]
• Rearguard, Mobile, 1971 ^[1]

Arizona

• Bandersnatch , Tempe, 1968–1969
• Butterfield Express , Tucson
• Druid Free Press , Tempe, 1969
• Gambit, Tempe, 1968 ^[1]
• Rebirth , Phoenix, 1969
• Resurrection , Tucson, 1970 ^[1]

California

• Alto, Isla Vista, 1967–1969 ^[9]
• Berkeley Barb , Berkeley, 1965–1980
• Berkeley Tribe , Berkeley, 1969–1972 (split from the Berkeley Barb after staff went on strike)
• The Black Panther , Oakland
• Bullsheet, Pasadena, 1969–1974
• Dock of the Bay , San Francisco
• Free Spaghetti Dinner , Santa Cruz
• From Out of Sherwood Forest , Newport Beach
• Good Times , San Francisco, 1969–1972 (formerly San Francisco Express-Times)
• Haight Ashbury Free Press , San Francisco ^[10]
• Haight Ashbury Tribune , San Francisco (at least 16 issues)
• Illustrated Paper , Mendocino, 1966–1967
• Leviathan , San Francisco, 1969–1970
• Long Beach Free Press , Long Beach, 1969–1970
• Los Angeles Free Press , Los Angeles, 1964–1978 (new series 2005–present)
• Los Angeles Staff , Los Angeles (splintered from Los Angeles Free Press)
• Los Angeles Underground, Los Angeles, first issue published April 1, 1967 by Al & Barbara (Dolores) Mitchell
• Northcoast Ripsaw , Eureka
• OB Rag , Ocean Beach, 1970–1975 (new series 2001–2003, blog 2007–present)
• Open City , Los Angeles, 1967–1969
• Oracle of Southern California , Los Angeles
• The Organ , Fresno, 1968
• The Organ , San Francisco, 1970–1971
• Peninsula Observer , Palo Alto
• The San Diego Door , San Diego, 1966–1970 (formerly Good Morning, Teaspoon)
• San Diego Free Press , San Diego 1968–1970 (changed name to San Diego Street Journal)
• San Francisco Express Times , San Francisco, 1968–1969 (changed name to Good Times)
• San Francisco Oracle , San Francisco, 1966–1968
• San Jose Maverick , San Jose
• San Jose Red Eye , San Jose
• Seventy-Nine Cent Spread , Carmel
• Stockton Silver Hammer , Stockton
• SunDance , San Francisco, 1972
• Tuesday's Child , Los Angeles, 1969–1970

Colorado

• Aboveground, Colorado Springs, 1969–1970 ^[1]
• Blue Screw, Aurora, 1973–1974 ^[1]
• Chinook , Denver, 1969–1972
• El Gallo, Denver, 1967–1975 ^[1]
• Mountain Free Press , Denver, 1968–1970 ^[1]

Connecticut

• Hartford's Other Voice , Hartford
• Storrs Weekly Reader , Storrs, 1971–1973 ^[1]
• View from the Bottom , New Haven

Delaware

• Heterodoxical Voice , Newark

District of Columbia

• Colonial Times, 1971–1972 ^[11]
• The Daily Rag, 1972 ^[12]
• Quicksilver Times , 1969–1972
• Washington Free Press

Florida

• Amazing Grace , Tallahassee ^[13]
• Aquarian, Temple Terrace, 1969 ^[1]
• Balaklava , Sarasota ^[14]
• Bay Area Free Press , Tampa, 1970 ^[1]
• Both Sides Now , Jacksonville, 1969–1975 ^[1]
• Daily Planet , Miami (formerly Miami Free Press)
• Gulf Coast Fish Cheer , Pensacola ^[15]
• Iconoclast, Pensacola, Florida, 1971–1974
• The Monocle , Tampa
• Ragweed , St. Petersburg

Georgia

• Albion's Grace, Savannah
• The Great Speckled Bird , Atlanta, 1968–1976

Illinois

• The Angry Voice, Greenville, 1969–1970
• Big Muddy Gazette, Carbondale, 1969–1972
• The Bridge, Chicago, 1967–1968
• Chicago Seed , Chicago, 1967–1973
• Chicago Kaleidoscope , Chicago
• Curb: Dedicated to Curbing Armed Problem Solving and Solving People Problems, Elmhurst, 1970–1973
• A Four Year Bummer , Champaign, 1969–1970 ^[1]
• News from Nowhere , DeKalb
• Rising Up Angry , Chicago, 1969–1975
• Second City , Chicago
• The Walrus, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, 1968–1973 ^[16]

Indiana

• Bauls of the Brickyard , West Lafayette, 1969
• Grinding Stone , Terre Haute
• Indianapolis Free Press , Indianapolis, 1969–1970
• The Only Alternative , Muncie, 1968–1971
• The Spectator , Bloomington, 1966–1971

Iowa

• Middle Earth , Iowa City, 1967–1968
• Pterodactyl , Grinnell

Kansas

• Alchemist, Manhattan, 1968–1969 ^[1]
• Custer's Last Stand, Manhattan, 1971 ^[1]
• Vortex , Lawrence

Kentucky

• Blue-tail fly , Lexington ^[17]
• Callallo #20, Lexington ^[18]
• Free Press of Louisville , Louisville

Louisiana

• In Arcane Logos, New Orleans, 1969
• NOLA Express , New Orleans
• The Ungarbled Word, New Orleans

Maryland

• Baltimore Free Press , Baltimore, 1968
• Dragon Seed , Baltimore, 1972
• Harry , Baltimore, 1969–1970
• The Pawn , Fort Detrick, 1969–1970 ^[1]

Massachusetts

• Avatar , Boston, 1967–1968
• Boston Free Press , Boston
• Boston Phoenix
• East Boston Community News , 1970-1989 ^[19] Footnote links to Northeastern University Library's archive of all editions
• The Free Press of Springfield , Springfield (became Common Sense in 1969)
• Mother of Voices , Amherst
• Old Mole , Cambridge
• Thursday , Cambridge
• Worcester Phoenix
• Worcester Punch , Worcester
• Zig zag, Montague ^[20]

Michigan

• Ann Arbor Argus , Ann Arbor, 1969–1971
• Ann Arbor Sun , Ann Arbor, 1971–1976 ^[21]
• Fifth Estate , Detroit, 1965–present
• god mother and apple pie/Up Against the Wall Street Journal , Saginaw, 1969–1971
• The Paper , East Lansing
• South End , East Lansing

Minnesota

• The Freeway , Duluth, 1971
• Hundred Flowers , Minneapolis, 1970–1972
• Minneapolis Flag , Minneapolis, 1969
• Hair, Minneapolis, 1969-1970.

Mississippi

• Creem, Birmingham ^[22]
• Kudzu , Jackson, 1968–1972

Missouri

• Daily Flash, St. Louis (changed name to Xanadu)
• The New Hard Times, (St. Louis, 1968–1970
• The Outlaw, St. Louis, 1970–1973

Montana

• Borrowed Times , Missoula, 1972–1980 ^[23]

Nebraska

• Buffalo Chip, Omaha (started December 1967)
• Omaha Kaleidoscope , Omaha

Nevada

• Las Vegas Free Press, Las Vegas
• Love , Reno

New Jersey

• Abas, Newark, 1968–1969 ^[1]
• All You Can Eat, New Brunswick, 1970–1973

New Mexico

• Astral Projection , Albuquerque
• Caliche County Rendering Works , Albuquerque, 1968–1970
• The Fountain of Light , Taos, 1968–1970
• The Hips Voice , Santa Fe

New York

• Buffalo Insighter , Buffalo, 1967–1968 ^[1]
• East Village Other , New York City, 1965–1972
• Edge City, Syracuse, 1970–1971 ^[1]
• New York Ace , New York City, 1971–1972
• New York Avatar , New York City
• New York Free Press , New York City
• Other Scenes (dispatched from various locations around the world)^{[ clarification needed ]}
• Rat Subterranean News , New York City, 1968–1970 (later Women's LibeRATion)
• Space, Binghamton, 1972 (formerly Lost in Space)

North Carolina

• The Anvil , Durham, 1967–1983
• The Inquisition , Charlotte
• Protean Radish , Chapel Hill

Ohio

• Angry City Press , Cleveland, 1970 ^[1]
• Aquarius , Dayton
• The Big Us , Cleveland, 1968–1970 (changed name to Burning River News)
• Columbus Free Press , Columbus, 1969–present
• Cuyahoga Current , Cleveland, Ohio, 1972- ^[24]
• Great Swamp Erie Da Da Boom , Cleveland, 1970–1972
• Hash, Warren, 1970–1972 ^[1]
• Independent Eye , Cincinnati
• New Age , Athens
• Queen City Express , Cincinnati
• Razzberry Radicle , Dayton
• Minority Report , Dayton

Oklahoma

• Home Cookin , Oklahoma City
• Jones Family Grandchildren , Norman
• Jones Family Grandchildren II , Stillwater
• Osmosis , Tulsa, 1972

Oregon

• Eugene Augur , Eugene, 1969–1972
• Willamette Bridge , Portland, 1968–1971

Pennsylvania

• Common Sense, Philadelphia, published by Philadelphia Resistance, 1969–1974
• Distant Drummer , Philadelphia, 1970–1979 (changed name to The Drummer)
• Philadelphia Free Press , Philadelphia, 1968–1972
• Pittsburgh Fair Witness , Pittsburgh, 1970–1973 (changed name from Grok)
• Plain Dealer , Philadelphia
• Water Tunnel , State College
• Yarrowstalks , Philadelphia

Rhode Island

• Extra!, Providence

Tennessee

• Root , Memphis, 1969
• The Hinterlands, Knoxville, 1966

Texas

• Dallas Notes , Dallas, 1967–1970 (originally Notes from the Underground)
• The Eagle bone whistle , San Antonio ^[25]
• The Rag , Austin, 1966–1977
• San Antonio Gazette, San Antonio, 1971–1975
• Space City , Houston, 1969–1972 (originally Space City News)

Utah

• Electric Newspaper , Salt Lake City, 1968 (at least 5 issues)
• Utah Free Press, Salt Lake City, 1966–1969

Vermont

• The first issue , Plainfield ^[26]
• Windham Free Press , Putney

Virginia

• Alice: Blacksburg Free Press , Blacksburg
• The Liberated Castle , Fort Belvoir, 1971 ^[1]
• Richmond Chronicle , Richmond

Washington

• Helix , Seattle, 1967–1970
• Northwest Passage , Bellingham, 1969–1986
• Sabot , Seattle, 1970–1971
• Spokane Natural , Spokane, 1967–1970
• The Avatar, Olympia, 1967-1969?

West Virginia

• Buffalo Chips, Huntington
• Liberator , Morgantown, 1969–1971? (later Mountain Liberator)

Wisconsin

• Bugle-American , Milwaukee, 1970–1978
• The Caravan, Milwaukee, 1967–1971
• Connections , Madison, 1967–1969
• Counterpoint , Stevens Point
• Fox Valley Kaleidoscope , Oshkosh, 1970
• Kaleidoscope , Milwaukee, 1967–1971
• Madison Kaleidoscope , Madison
• Mega Middle Myth , Beloit, 1968
• Off the Pigs!, Madison, 1970's (affiliated with The People's Office)
• The People's Dreadnaught , Beloit
• What's Left, Milwaukee, 1970's

See also

• Counterculture of the 1960s
• GI Underground Press
• Liberation News Service
• Underground Press Syndicate

References

1. "Underground Press maps - Mapping American Social Movements". depts.washington.edu. Retrieved 2021-11-12.
2. Amenophis. OCLC   7382814 . Retrieved November 13, 2021– via WorldCat.
3. Ǒmṕhalǒs. OCLC   7539805 . Retrieved September 17, 2021– via WorldCat.
4. Interluttes. OCLC   2810287 . Retrieved September 17, 2021– via WorldCat.
5. Seccombe, Rick (4 July 2021). "Mike Don obituary". The Guardian.
6. "Grass Eye and Mole Express: Music Magazines and Radical Local Politics in 1960s/70s Manchester, by Kristin Cooper". 8 February 2024.
7. "Exponent (Huntsville, Ala.) 1969-Current". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
8. High gauge. OCLC   42317066 . Retrieved September 17, 2021– via WorldCat.
9. "Argo (Isla Vista, Calif.) 1967-1969". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
10. "Haight Ashbury Free Press". Haight Ashbury Free Press. No. 6. 1778 Haight Street. 1968. Retrieved 13 March 2025. Just call xxx-xxxx and ask for George
11. https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781626199064 Colonial Times history
12. https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781626199064 The Daily Rag history
13. Amazing grace. OCLC   14117238 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
14. Balaklava. OCLC   935951131 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
15. Gulf Coast fish cheer. OCLC   7445876 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
16. "The time has come, the Walrus said…". 14 February 2014.
17. Blue-tail fly. OCLC   10829593 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
18. Callaloo #20. OCLC   1049085483 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
19. "East Boston Community News – Our Home: An East Boston History Portal".
20. Zig zag. OCLC   7589768 . Retrieved September 16, 2021– via WorldCat.
21. "Ann Arbor Sun - Freeing John Sinclair" . Retrieved 23 July 2016.
22. Creem. OCLC   970992711 . Retrieved September 16, 2021.
23. "About Borrowed times. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1972-1980". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
24. "About The Cuyahoga current. (Cleveland, Ohio) 1972-????" . Retrieved 2013-08-20.
25. The Eagle bone whistle. OCLC   12006932 . Retrieved September 17, 2021– via WorldCat.
26. The first issue. OCLC   50551436 . Retrieved September 17, 2021– via WorldCat.

External links

• Underground/Alternative Newspapers History and Geography - maps and databases showing over 2,000 underground/alternative newspapers between 1965 and 1975 in the U.S.