MBC TV (South Korean TV channel)

Last updated

MBC TV
CountrySouth Korea
NetworkMunhwa Broadcasting Corporation
Programming
Language(s)Korean
Picture format 2160p UHDTV
(downscaled to 1080i and 480i for the HDTV and SDTV feeds respectively)
Ownership
Owner Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation
History
Launched8 August 1969;55 years ago (1969-08-08)
Former namesHLAC-TV (1969–1972)
Links
Website imbc.com
Availability
Terrestrial
Digital terrestrial television Channel 11.1
Streaming media
iMBC Watch live
(South Korea only)

MBC TV (Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation Television) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 8 August 1969 and owned by Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation.

Contents

History

Former MBC building used between the 1970s and 1980s 1970~1980's MBC Government building.jpg
Former MBC building used between the 1970s and 1980s

The Seoul Private Broadcasting Corporation was established on 21 February 1961. On 22 June 1966, the company received a broadcasting license from the government and started broadcasting on terrestrial television on 8 August 1969, with a 20-minute opening ceremony at 6pm. Its first drama, Lovers of the Sun, came on air the following day. [1] At the time of its launch, South Korea had 200,000 registered television sets. Unlike the Tongyang Broadcasting Company, MBC opened during the military regime of Park Chung-hee and had more restrictions, aligning its interests and programming with the ruling government. [2] The channel broadcast using the HLAC-TV callsign, with output set at 2kW video and 500W aural, on VHF channel 11 in Seoul, from 6am to midnight. [3]

On its second day on air, MBC started airing the Famous Weekend Movies slot, which ended on October 29, 2010 due to the proliferation of cable television. The slot in its last few years mainly aired Korean movies in late night slots. [4] The new network quickly started producing daily dramas; with three television networks available, the ratings competition intensified. [5] On August 1, 1970, Namyang Broadcasting launched, beinging MBC to Jeju. [6]

On 5 October 1970, MBC Newsdesk was launched as the network's newscast. MBC expanded its reach nationwide that same year. [7] A year later, on 10 January 1971, the names of all regional broadcasters were merged under the MBC brand. On 22 December 1980 (initially scheduled for January 1981), MBC began colour transmission from its station in Seoul, alongside KBS2, [8] subsequently expanding colour transmission to nationwide coverage on 1 January 1981. [9] On April 1, 1983, it started broadcasting in Cheongju. [10] In October 1984, it removed daily dramas from its schedule. [11]

Together with its main rivals KBS and SBS, MBC TV began full-scale daytime broadcasting on 1 December 2005. It began broadcasting 24 hours a day on 1 January 2013 but discontinued fulltime broadcasting on 30 December 2017. As of 4 August 2014, the channel news program began to be broadcast from the new television station located in Sangam, and from 1 September of that same year, the channel began to produce all the programs in the new studios. [12]

Programming

MBC dramas are exported to 100 countries in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and the Americas.[ citation needed ] Dae Jang Geum has high audience ratings in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong;[ citation needed ] its popularity has continued in 91 countries,[ citation needed ] including Japan. Other dramas that have enjoyed high viewership include Jumong , Coffee Prince , Moon Embracing the Sun , Yi San , Queen Seondeok , and Dong Yi .

Infotainment shows and documentaries

MBC documentaries encompass a wide range of issues, from foreign affairs to the environment. PD Notebook premiered in 1990 and has since earned notoriety for its investigative journalism. Episodes have included one covering scientific fraud by Korean geneticist Hwang Woo-suk, and another containing arguments against importing US beef. [13] The latter episode, entitled "Is American Beef Really Safe from Mad Cow Disease?", contributed to three months of protest in Seoul against importing US beef. Since then, the accuracy of the episode and the program's method of obtaining information has been questioned. [14] [15] [16]

MBC current-affairs and documentary programs have won recognition from the New York and Banff TV Festivals, the Asian TV Awards, ABU Prizes, Earth Vision and the Japan Wildlife Festival.

News

MBC News now has 18 local news bureaus and 8 overseas news bureaus, with which it signed a news supply contract with CNN, APTN, NBC and Reuters TV so it can bring up to date news to viewers. MBC currently offers a wide variety of in-depth analysis programs on politics, economy, society, and culture through Current Affairs Magazine 2580, 100 Minute Debate, Economy Magazine M, and Unification Observatory.

Sports

MBC broadcasts Los Angeles Dodgers, Pittsburgh Pirates and Texas Rangers games when Hyun-jin Ryu pitches and Shin-soo Choo and Jung-ho Kang bat.

Controversies

1988 — Wiretap in my ear incident

On August 4, 1988, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation aired MBC Newsdesk . On the day of the incident, the anchorman was Kang Sung-gu ［ko］. When reporting on the rise in fares caused by the Seoul subway extension project, a young man named So Chang-yeong (24 years old at the time) trespassing into the recording studio and tried to steal the anchorman's microphone, and the incident was broadcast nationwide by MBC. [17] After So Chang-yeong asked for words, the screen was switched to a newsreel of Sohn Suk-hee's report to reduce the impact. [18] Afterwards, Kang Sung-gu expressed his apology for the incident. So Chang-yeong was handed over to the police by Munhwa Broadcasting employees. [19]

According to the police investigation, he crossed over the south back wall of Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation at around 21:00 that night, took the elevator from the 1st floor through the front door, got off on the 4th floor, and took the emergency stairs to the 5th-floor studio, and he had sneaked inside. During the police investigation, he claimed, "I had a wiretapping device in my right ear, and the vibration noise caused me a lot of pain. I could not receive treatment at the hospital, so I went to the broadcasting station to complain." The police said that on July 13, 1987, while he was working as a lathe operator, he was hit by a soccer ball during his lunch break and his right eardrum was ruptured. He continued to hear a vibrating sound in his ear, and that he appeared to be suffering from delirium tremens. [20] The young man was handed over to a national mental hospital for a mental evaluation. It was announced that a request was made, and based on the results, a decision would be made on whether to arrest him on charges of obstruction of business and trespassing at night. [21]

The band called Wiretap In My Ear ［ko］ (Prana) got its name from this incident. [22]

Reply 1988 described this incident. [23]

1999 — PD Note incident

In 1999, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation aired PD Note , a documentary program criticizing Jaerock Lee. Members of the Manmin Central Church forcibly entered the TV station and cut off the power supply in the control room, interrupting the programme several times. Meanwhile, other supporters, numbering between 1,500 and 2,000 according to different sources, blocked off nearby roads. [24] [25] [26] Manmin Central Church members later filed a lawsuit against the TV station. [27] Three church leaders and eight members of the church were sentenced to jail for between two and a half years and three years, for their roles in the protests. [28]

2005 — Live Music Camp incident

On Saturday, July 30, 2005, Rux was invited to appear on the MBC concert program Live Music Camp for their segment called “Is this song good?” The band members invited a large number of their supporters in the punk scene.

Toward the end of the performance, two punks disrobed and leapt around the stage in front of the live audience and the cameras. Between four and five seconds of full-frontal nudity was broadcast across the nation. The two streakers were mistakenly identified as members of the band Couch, although one was from Spiky Brats. Both were booked by the police without detention on charges of indecency and interference with a business. The police administered drug tests, but the results were negative. [29] Won was also arrested for inviting the two to appear on the show. [30]

Public response was furious, both against Rux and the broadcaster. [31] MBC cancelled Music Camp, and the Korean Broadcasting Commission considered heavy disciplinary measures. Then mayor of Seoul, Lee Myung-bak suggested that Hongdae concerts be regulated by authorities, [32] which prompted political rivals to compare Lee to former dictator Park Chung-hee. [33] At this time, Yu In-chon had a good understanding of the college culture, so he took Lee Myung-bak to the club 'Drug' and said, 'Oh! Brothers' rock performance together and defended the club culture, thanks to this, Lee Myung-bak, who was about to wipe out the clubs, changed his mind, and he dismissed it as saying he would not do it himself. [34]

A plot from Plus Nine Boys parodied this incident. [35] [36]

2008–2010 — PD Note

Mad cow disease

On 27 April 2008, PD Note televised an episode called "Is American Beef Really Safe from Mad Cow Disease?" which covered mad cow disease and alleged dangers associated with American beef. The South Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries filed a legal suit against the producers as it announced that the program was distorted and exaggerated. [37] The producers were exonerated by the Seoul Central District Court and the Supreme Court in 2010. [38]

Prosecutors and sponsors

On April 20, 2010, PD Note televised an episode called "The prosecutors and sponsors" which investigates how Korean prosecutors are "sponsored" by businesses, receiving bribes in the form of money, drinks and women. They began the investigation after receiving information from a man about 57 former prosecutors being "sponsored." As the episode was well received by the audience, the second episode was broadcast on June 8, 2010.

Four Major Rivers

The Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs applied for an injunction to stop the airing of a PD Note episode, "The Six-Meter-Deep Secret of the Four Major Rivers," which was scheduled to be broadcast on August 17, 2010. The episode deals with a controversy about The Four Major Rivers Project launched by the Korean government in 2009, which is aimed at developing water resources by securing a sufficient water supply, preventing floods, upgrading water quality and reviving ecosystems, as well as boosting regional economies. [39] Based on PD Note’s report on the episode which had already been released, the Ministry insisted that the episode contained false information. [40] They requested that the Seoul Southern District Court stop further spread of the false information among the public. Their request was dismissed and the episode aired August 24, 2010. [41] According to the producers of PD Note, the MBC management also requested that they postpone the episode. [42]

2013 — Show! Music Core ranking

2020 — Deepfake pornography

On 20 April 2020, MBC News broadcast news about deepfake pornography. MBC used deepfake technology, an AI technology which changes an identity of someone on an image or a video to someone else's likeness. The news sparked outrage among Korean netizens due to its contents which consist of inappropriate materials. Korean boy band BTS, Korean singer IU and other celebrities were used as examples on the news. Viewers and fans of the celebrities used the hashtag #MBC_합성_사과해, to tell MBC to apologise or respond to the incident; it did neither. [43]

2021 — Olympics broadcast

During the broadcasting of the parade of nations on the 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, MBC was accused domestically and internationally for making depictions of numerous countries that were deemed racist and offensive. [44] The most notable country depictions displayed during the broadcast is the use of the Chernobyl disaster to depict Ukraine and riots to depict Haiti. The incident sparked anger among Ukrainians and Haitians. [45] On 27 July, MBC president Park Sung-jae apologised to the public as well as nations affected. He apologised to the Embassy of Ukraine and Romania in Seoul in a press conference and promised to ensure all of its content to be respectful towards universal values and cultural diversity. [46] MBC also declared a written apology on their official website. [47] Haitian Foreign Affairs Minister Claude Joseph fired back at MBC, saying "their apology didn't go far enough, but the incident shouldn't be allowed to distract from the athletes who have worked tirelessly for years to get to the Olympics". [48] The incident caused national uproar among Koreans, with some Korean netizens accusing MBC for being insensitive and unprofessional. [49]

2024 — PD Note - "The Suspicious Secrets of Shincheonji" Copyright Release

MBC has officially lifted the copyright on the 2007 May 8th broadcast of "The Suspicious Secrets of Shincheonji" to support former Shincheonji members and YouTubers who counter Shincheonji's teachings. This program was the first significant broadcast that revealed details about Shincheonji and its leader, Lee Man-hee. Now, individuals creating counter-videos against Shincheonji on YouTube can edit and reuse footage from the program without infringing on copyright. This move will prevent wrongful copyright strikes (known as "yellow stickers") and greatly assist those affected by Shincheonji, their families, and those in ministry in producing counter-content. [50]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seoul Broadcasting System</span> South Korean television and radio network

Seoul Broadcasting System (SBS) is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters. The broadcaster legally became known as SBS in March 2000, changing its corporate name from Seoul Broadcasting System. Its flagship terrestrial television station SBS TV broadcasts as channel 6 for digital and cable.

<i>Infinite Challenge</i> South Korean variety show

Infinite Challenge is a South Korean television entertainment program, distributed and syndicated by MBC, that ran from 2005 to 2018.

<i>Fireworks</i> (2000 TV series)

Fireworks is a South Korean television series produced and broadcast by SBS from 2 February to 18 May 2000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yu In-chon</span> South Korean actor and politician (born 1951)

Yu In-chon is a South Korean actor and the current Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism under president Yoon Suk Yeol, the position which he previously held under president Lee Myung-bak. He was formerly the Special Presidential Adviser on Culture and Sports.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kim Tae-ho (television director)</span> South Korean television director

Kim Tae-ho is a South Korean television director.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manmin Central Church</span> South Korean Protestant Christian church

Manmin Central Church is a Protestant Christian church founded in Seoul, South Korea in 1982 by Jaerock Lee and is one of the largest churches in Korea. Manmin means ‘all creation; all the nations; all the people.’

<i>Radio Star</i> (talk show) Korean television program

Radio Star is a South Korean talk show hosted by Kim Gook-jin, Kim Gu-ra, Yoo Se-yoon and Jang Do-yeon. It airs on MBC on Wednesdays at 10:30(KST). The first episode aired on May 30, 2007, making it one of the longest-running talk shows in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">JTBC</span> South Korean broadcasting company

JTBC is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on 1 December 2011. JTBC is a generalist channel, with programming consisting of television series, variety shows, and news broadcasting; its news division is held in similar regard to the three main terrestrial networks in South Korea.

Channel A Corporation, known as Channel A, is a nationwide generalist cable TV network and broadcasting company in South Korea. The company's largest shareholder is Dong-A Media Group (DAMG), which consists of 12 affiliate companies including The Dong-a Ilbo. Channel A was launched on 1 December 2011. Channel A's management philosophy is 'Open & Creative' and the company slogan is 'Channel A, A Canvas that Holds Your Dreams.' JaeHo Kim is the chief executive officer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KBS2</span> South Korean public television channel

KBS 2TV is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tongyang Broadcasting Company</span> Defunct South Korean TV station

Tongyang Broadcasting Company was a South Korean commercial television station which was merged by the government with KBS. It was owned by the Samsung Group founder Lee Byung-chul and was a sister company to the JoongAng Ilbo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jun Hyun-moo</span> South Korean television host (born 1977)

Jun Hyun-moo is a South Korean host and television personality. Before Before becoming a host, he was a KBS news anchor and radio announcer.

<i>I Live Alone</i> (TV program) South Korean entertainment program

I Live Alone, also known as Home Alone, is a South Korean entertainment program distributed and syndicated by MBC every Friday at 23:00 (KST).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kim Sung-joo (presenter)</span> South Korean television presenter (born 1972)

Kim Sung-joo is a South Korean television host and a former announcer. A former sports broadcaster and presenter, he became known to the wider public as a variety show host and for his stint on the reality-variety show Dad! Where Are We Going?.

Music programs of South Korea are broadcast weekly, with different artists performing on the shows to promote their music.

Kim Yong-man is a South Korean comedian. He is currently signed with the entertainment agency, FNC Entertainment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kim Hyong-uk</span> South Korean politician (1925–1979)

Kim Hyong-uk was a South Korean brigadier general who served as director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency from 1963 to 1969.

<i>My Secret Terrius</i> 2018 South Korean television series

My Secret Terrius is a 2018 South Korean television series starring So Ji-sub, Jung In-sun, Son Ho-jun and Im Se-mi. It was aired on MBC from September 27 to November 15, 2018 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST).

The Mnet vote manipulation investigation was a South Korean entertainment scandal involving electoral fraud in several reality competition series produced and broadcast by the television channel Mnet. The incident primarily involves the Produce 101 series and Idol School, which were intended to create K-pop groups with members selected by audience vote.

The Busan Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation is MBC's local branch for the city of Busan. The first private radio station in South Korea, the branch operates radio and television under the HLKU callsign.

References

  1. ↑ "MBC-TV 오늘전야제". Maeil Business Newspaper (in Korean). 7 August 1969.
  2. ↑ K-Drama School. Running Press. 2024. ISBN   978-0-7624-8574-1 . Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  3. ↑ Broadcasting in Korea. Nanam Publishing House. 1994. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  4. ↑ 40년만에 폐지 '주말의 명화', 1969년 첫 영화는?
  5. ↑ "일일연속극경쟁붐 담당자들은눈치만". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean).
  6. ↑ "남양TV개국". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean). 1 August 1970.
  7. ↑ "텔리비전 보급상황과전망". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean). 5 December 1970.
  8. ↑ "MBC 컬러TV 방영". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean). 20 December 1980.
  9. ↑ "Color television finally comes to South Korea market -- with a rush". Christian Science Monitor. 17 March 1981. ISSN   0882-7729 . Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  10. ↑ "오락 ◇청주MBC TV 개국축하쇼MBC TV 1일하오 7시". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean). 1 April 1983.
  11. ↑ "M-TV 가을프로개편때 일일극 폐지". Maeil Business Daily (in Korean). 10 October 1984.
  12. ↑ "Directions to MBC". MBC. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
  13. ↑ "Bad Marks All Round In Hwang Scandal". Archived from the original on 7 October 2006. Retrieved 14 October 2006.
  14. ↑ Herald, The Korea. "The Korea Herald" . Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  15. ↑ "MBC suspends producers for breaching ethics". 6 December 2005. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  16. ↑ "Media ethics judged, found wanting". 9 December 2005. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  17. ↑ "生放送중의 침입자" [Intruder on live broadcast]. The Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). 5 August 1988. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  18. ↑ "［앵커브리핑］ 국정원 해킹프로그램 구매 논란...'내 귀에 도청장치'" [［Anchor Briefing］ Controversy over purchase of NIS hacking program... 'Wiretap in my ear']. JTBC (in Korean). 13 July 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  19. ↑ "'8월4일' 내귀에 도청장치 방송사고..MBC 최악의 빌런［그해 오늘］" ['August 4th' Broadcasting accident with a wiretapping device in my ear... MBC's worst villain ［Today of that year］]. Edaily (in Korean). 4 August 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2023– via Naver.
  20. ↑ "뉴스 난입해 "귓속에 도청장치"...20대男, 이 병 앓고 있었다［뉴스속오늘］" [News intrudes, "Wiretapping equipment in ear"... A man in his 20s was suffering from this disease ［Today in the News］]. Money Today (in Korean). 4 August 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023– via Naver.
  21. ↑ "MBC 뉴스방송 妨害소동" [MBC news broadcast disruption]. Kyunghyang Shinmun (in Korean). 5 August 1988. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  22. ↑ "록밴드 '내귀에 도청장치', 이상 병리 현상 풍자" [Rock band 'Wiretap In My Ear' satirizes abnormal pathology]. Sports Chosun (in Korean). 22 June 2004. Retrieved 26 October 2023– via Naver.
  23. ↑ "'응답하라 1988', 추억의 방송사고 재연..."내 귀에 도청장치가 있다" 깜짝" ['Reply 1988', re-enactment of a memorable broadcasting accident... "There is a wiretrap in my ear" surprise]. Chosun Ilbo (in Korean). 13 November 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  24. ↑ "World: Asia-Pacific - Korean TV airs controversial documentary". BBC. 12 May 1999.
  25. ↑ "Church members storm South Korean TV station", Agence France-Presse, 12 May 1999
  26. ↑ "South Korea – Manmin Joongang Church – Reverend Jaerock Lee – Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation" (PDF). refworld.org. 20 February 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  27. ↑ "I met the mentor of my life", Sisa News, 10 September 2008, retrieved 10 September 2008
  28. ↑ "Church officials given prison sentences for raiding TV station", Korea Herald, 28 August 1999
  29. ↑ Unknown, Unknown (1 August 2005). "Naked Bodies Shown for Five Seconds on Live TV". Dong-a Ilbo. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  30. ↑ Kim, Tae-jong (31 July 2005). "Music show canceled after indecent exposure". Korea Times. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  31. ↑ Unknown, Unknown (31 July 2005). "Punk Rockers' Privates in Affront to Korea's 'Bourgeois'". Chosun Ilbo. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  32. ↑ Kwon, Ji-young (3 August 2005). "Hongdae musicians apologize for flashing". Korea Herald. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  33. ↑ Unknown, Unknown (2 August 2005). "Seoul Mayor Blasted for Authoritarian Mindset". Chosun Ilbo. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  34. ↑ "유인촌 "이명박 시장은 인디밴드 싫어하지 않는다"" [Yu In-chon "Mayor Lee Myung-bak doesn't hate indie bands"] (in Korean). My Daily. 15 September 2005. Retrieved 6 July 2023– via Naver.
  35. ↑ 아홉수 소년 - [아홉수소년] 1-2화 3분만에 다시보기 [Plus Nine Boys - [Plus Nine Boys] Episodes 1-2 Replay in 3 Minutes] (in Korean). tvN drama. 2 September 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2023– via YouTube.
  36. ↑ "'아홉수 소년' 쓰레기스트, 생방송 노출 사고…카우치 사건 재현" ['Plus Nine Boys' Trashst, live exposure accident... Reenact the Couch Incident]. Xports News (in Korean). 29 August 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  37. ↑ Yoon, Jong-suk (23 June 2008). "검찰 '광우병 보도' PD수첩 수사 착수". Naver (in Korean). Yonhap News.
  38. ↑ Song, Kyung-hwa; Kim, Nam-il (20 January 2010). "PD수첩 '광우병 보도' 무죄 선고". Naver (in Korean). The Hankyoreh.
  39. ↑ Korea.net
  40. ↑ "국토부, PD 수첩 '4대강 수심 6m의 비밀' 방송금지 가처분 신청". YTN (in Korean). 17 August 2010.
  41. ↑ "PD수첩 '4대강 비밀팀' 방송금지 가처분 기각". Dong-A Ilbo (in Korean). 17 August 2010.
  42. ↑ "MBC 김재철 사장 "'PD수첩 4대강 비밀팀', 방송 보류하라" 지시(종합)". No Cut News (in Korean). 17 August 2010.
  43. ↑ "MBC, 아이유-방탄소년단 합성 딥페이크 보도… 팬들 화났다". Naver Post (in Korean). 22 April 2020. Archived from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  44. ↑ Vigdor, Neil (25 July 2021). "Broadcaster Apologizes for 'Inappropriate' Images Aired During Olympic Parade". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  45. ↑ "MBC's Olympic howlers show shallow outlook on world". Korea JoongAng Daily. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  46. ↑ Si-jin, Lee (26 July 2021). "MBC chief apologizes after yet another inappropriate caption airs during Tokyo Games". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  47. ↑ "[사과문] 머리 숙여 사죄드립니다". MBC와 함께 (in Korean). 26 July 2021. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  48. ↑ Lemaire, Sandra; Gallo, William (26 July 2021). "Haiti: S Korean TV Channel Apology Over Olympics Stereotypes 'Didn't Go Far Enough'". Voice of America. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  49. ↑ "South Korean TV network apologises for offensive Olympic broadcast". France 24 . 24 July 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  50. ↑ Park, In Jae (10 September 2024). "MBC PD수첩, 신천지 탈퇴자 위해 프로그램 유튜브 저작권 전격 해제" [MBC PD Note Lifts YouTube Copyright on Program to Support Former Shincheonji Members]. Amen News. Retrieved 11 September 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.