Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country located mainly in Central Asia. It borders Russia in the north, China in the east, and Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the south. The capital is Nur-Sultan, formerly known as Astana. It was moved from Almaty, the country's largest city, in 1997. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, the world's largest Muslim-majority country by land area, and the ninth-largest country in the world. It has a population of 18.8 million, and one of the lowest population densities in the world, at fewer than 6 people per square kilometre.
The demographics of Kazakhstan enumerate the demographic features of the population of Kazakhstan, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. Some use the word Kazakh to refer to the Kazakh ethnic group and language and Kazakhstani to refer to Kazakhstan and its citizens regardless of ethnicity, but it is common to use Kazakh in both senses.
Almaty, or Alma-Ata, and formerly Verniy (1854–1921), is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1997, when the government relocated the capital to Akmola.
The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1991 in northern Central Asia. It was created on 5 December 1936 from the Kazakh ASSR, an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR.
Karaganda or Qaraghandy is the capital of Karaganda Region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is the fourth most populous city in Kazakhstan, behind Almaty (Alma-Ata), Nur-Sultan and Shymkent. Population: 497,777 ; 459,778 ; 436,864. Karaganda is approximately 230 km south-east of Kazakhstan's capital Nur-Sultan.
Dinmukhamed Akhmetuly "Dimash" Kunaev was a Kazakh Soviet communist politician who served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan.
Almaty Region is a region of Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country, with a population of 2,059,200. Its capital is Taldykorgan city, which has a population of 175,200.
Taldykorgan, known as Taldy-Kurgan until 1993, is the capital of Almaty Region, Kazakhstan. According to the 2010 Kazakh Census Results, the population is 143,407.
The Jeltoqsan, also spelled Zheltoksan or December of 1986 were protests that took place in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, in response to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Kunaev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, and his appointment of Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Some sources cite Kolbin's ethnicity as Russian, others as Chuvash.
Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan relations refers to the bilateral diplomatic relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic. Bilateral relationships between the countries, which share a border, are very strong and Kyrgyz and Kazakh are very close in terms of language, culture and religion. Kyrgyz-Kazakh relationships have always been at very high level and economic and other formal unification of two countries have been greeted with strong appreciation by both nations since the two share a lot in common.
The number of Chinese people in Kazakhstan varies through the centuries. There have been various migrations of ethnic minorities from China to Kazakhstan in the 19th and early 20th centuries, such as that of the Dungan people (Hui) fleeing Qing Dynasty forces after a failed 1862–1877 rebellion in Northwest China or the Uyghur and Kazakh exodus from Xinjiang during the 1950s Great Leap Forward; however, their descendants do not consider themselves to be "Chinese people". The modern wave of migration from China only dates back to the early 1990s.
Shelek, formerly Chilik, is a town in Almaty Region of south-eastern Kazakhstan. Administrative center of Shelek rural district. It is located about 69 km north-east of the center of Esik. The KATO code is 194083100.
Greek-Kazakh relations are the relations between Greece and Kazakhstan. Both countries established diplomatic relations on October 1, 1992. Greece opened an embassy in Almaty in February, 1997. Kazakhstan opened an embassy in Athens in 2005. Kazakhstan has had an honorary consulate in Athens since 1998.
Kazakhstan is a multiethnic country where the indigenous ethnic group, the Kazakhs, comprise the majority of the population. As of 2018, ethnic Kazakhs are 67.5% of the population and ethnic Russians in Kazakhstan are 19.8%. These are the two dominant ethnic groups in the country with a wide array of other groups represented, including Ukrainians, Uzbeks, Germans, Tatars, Chechens, Ingush, Uyghurs, Koreans, and Meskhetian Turks.
Uyghurs in Kazakhstan or Uyghur Kazakhstanis, are a Turkic ethnic group who primarily practice Islam. Uyghurs form the country's fifth-largest ethnic group, according to the 2009 census.
Kazatkom is a village in Almaty Region, in south-eastern Kazakhstan. Numerous clashes between Kazakhs and ethnic Chechens have broken out in the village, notably in March–April 2007.
Kazakh Americans are Americans of full or partial Kazakh ancestry. Although in the 1960s the population of Kazakh origin in United States was estimated in 3,000 people, the Census 2000 puts the population size in less of 300 people. According to the American Community Survey in 2010-2012 there were more than 23,000 people born in Kazakhstan, but not all of them are of Kazakh ethnicity.
Oralgaisha Omarshanova was a Kazakh journalist. She worked for the paper Zakon i Pravosudiye, based in Astana. On 30 March she had secured a trip to Almaty Province to cover the clashes between Kazakhs and ethnic Chechens in the villages of Malovodnoye and Kazatkom, but never arrived. She had told a colleague previously that she had received threats by phone. She was last seen getting into a jeep in Almaty.
The 2020 Dungan–Kazakh ethnic clashes or Korday conflict was an ethnic conflict between ethnic Kazakhs and ethnic Dungans in the village of Masanchi within the Korday District of Kazakhstan. As a result of the conflict, 11 persons died, 185 were injured and 47 persons were arrested. It provoked damages costing around KZ₸1.7 billion and the displacement of around 20,000 people to neighboring Kyrgyzstan.
The ethnic conflicts in Kazakhstan refer to a series of insurgencies in Kazakhstan that date back to when the country was part of the Soviet Union, then known as the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. These conflicts have largely been ethnic-based, although in recent years they have decreased in numbers. Some of these conflicts have called for the independence, or the increased autonomy of the group in the country.
