Marine Museum of the Great Lakes

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Kingston Dry Dock
Marine Museum of the Great Lakes
Ship building in 1890s.jpg
Canada Ontario location map 2.svg
Red pog.svg
Marine Museum of the Great Lakes, Kingston
Established1892 (as drydock)
1975 (as museum)
Location55 Ontario St, Kingston, Ontario K7L 2Y2 +1 613 542 2261
Coordinates 44°13′06″N76°31′05″W / 44.2183798°N 76.5180818°W / 44.2183798; -76.5180818
Typemarine museum
Public transit access3, E6
Website www.marmuseum.ca
Designated1978

The Marine Museum of the Great Lakes is a museum dedicated to marine history in the Great Lakes. It is located at 55 Ontario St. in Kingston, Ontario, which is also a designated National Historic Site of Canada.

Contents

History

The Kingston Marine Museum was incorporated by letters patent on August 29, 1975 with objectives to collect, conserve and display artifacts related to Great Lakes marine history, shipping and shipbuilding, construct an exhibition area for special exhibitions of both marine and non-marine character, encourage public participation in events and activities, develop a marine resource centre of archival material, books, publications, ephemera and items to permit research activity related to Great Lakes marine history by the public, students, researchers and historians and to develop educational programs. [1]

The museum was originally located in the 1892 Kingston Dry Dock, a national historic site in Kingston, Ontario, Canada,. [2] It should not be mistaken for Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard, which was a British naval base and home of the then Provincial Marine.

Once an important construction and repair facility for ships on the Great Lakes, the Kingston Dry Dock was constructed in 1890 by the Canadian federal government in what had been the local riding of Canadian prime minister Sir John A. Macdonald. [3] Opened in 1892 by the Department of Public Works as a repair facility for lake vessels, [4] the drydock provided dry working access to the ship below the waterline.

MacDonald would live long enough to see the $344,276 project targeted with allegations of political patronage after the March 5, 1891 Canadian election. As he suffered a series of strokes in 1891, one of which proved fatal on June 6 of that year, [5] he would never have the opportunity to see the facility open and in operation.

The original 85.3 metre limestone dry dock was lengthened to 115.2 metres using concrete and leased in 1910 to the Kingston Shipbuilding Company; private companies would operate the Kingston Shipyards until 1968. During the Second World War naval vessels, notably corvettes, were built in this dry dock. [6]

The site consists of a solid limestone 1891 main building which houses the drydock pumps and engines, an annex building added in 1915 and a smaller free-standing building added in 1938. The shipyard's distinctive square stone chimney stands 90 feet above the downtown city waterfront. [1]

Facilities and collections

The Museum consists of seven galleries. The temporary gallery features changing exhibits (such as a Kingston Warships 1812–1814 exhibit for the War of 1812 bicentennial). The six permanent galleries include the Donald Page gallery which examines several stories including the Age of Sail on the Great Lakes, life as a sailor and changing ship technology. This room used to be the Air Compressor and Tool room of the shipyards. The newest gallery, the Eco gallery, explores issues such as pollution, water diversion and conservation, invasive species and sustainable development as they relate to the Great Lakes. The Shipwreck Gallery leads from the early days of wooden ship building through to the construction of modern "Lakers". This room used to be the shipyard's Dynamo room. The Calvin Gallery covers Garden Island, where the Calvin family ran a shipbuilding and logging business and includes stories from Kingston's maritime past. This used to be the shipyard's boiler room. The Pump Room explores the complexity of operating a shipbuilding dry dock. The pumps and engines in this room were used to drain the dry dock and move the dock's caisson gate.

CCGS Alexander Henry served as an on-site museum ship until 2016 CCGS Alexander Henry.jpg
CCGS Alexander Henry served as an on-site museum ship until 2016

The Kingston Drydock buildings were converted into a year-round museum in the 1970s; Canadian retired Coast Guard ship CCGS Alexander Henry was decommissioned in 1985 and added to the site in 1986 as a museum ship. [7]

Displays cover Great Lakes shipping since 1678; [8] artifacts and exhibits include ship's models and engines, [9] relics and instruments of lake vessels under both sail and steam, [10] the drydock pumps and engine room of the original factory, glass and china salvaged from Great Lakes shipwrecks, ship's bells, anchors, binnacles, navigational instruments and equipment, [1] a gallery of artistic paintings about the sea and the history of the Calvin and Son shipyard which once employed 700 workers [11] on Garden Island. [12]

The museum has photographed historic shipwrecks at risk of being hidden by encrustations of zebra mussels which infested the Great Lakes in the 1990s. [13] Archaeological exhibits commemorating the War of 1812 on the Great Lakes were added for that war's bicentennial. [14]

Publications of the museum include "FreshWater", a journal of Great Lakes marine history, a "Jib Gems" museum newsletter and several books on local marine history. Extensive archives and collections are maintained with the assistance of Queen's University, [15] documenting 19th and 20th century Canadian Great Lakes marine heritage and ships and shipping from vessel design and construction through a ship's working life to shipwreck or retirement. [16]

Relocation

The museum future was clouded by the 2016 federal government decision to sell the property and resulting new landlord Patry Inc. requiring the museum to vacate the facility to allow for residential re-development. [17] The museum galleries closed and the collections were moved into storage until the museum could find a new property to reopen to the public. The marine museum office was moved to 53 Yonge Street.

Since the closure of the museum, Alexander Henry was stored elsewhere and finally transferred to Lakehead Transportation Museum in Thunder Bay, Ontario. [18]

In 2019 the museum received a donation from an unknown source, and repurchased the property after the re-developer could not come to agreement with the city on a residential high-rise. [19] The museum plans to reopen after refurbishment and renovation. [20]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boston Navy Yard</span> Shipbuilding facility in the United States Navy

The Boston Navy Yard, originally called the Charlestown Navy Yard and later Boston Naval Shipyard, was one of the oldest shipbuilding facilities in the United States Navy. It was established in 1801 as part of the recent establishment of the new U.S. Department of the Navy in 1798. After 175 years of military service, it was decommissioned as a naval installation on 1 July 1974.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shipyard</span> Place where ships are built and repaired

A shipyard, also called a dockyard or boatyard, is a place where ships are built and repaired. These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Compared to shipyards, which are sometimes more involved with original construction, dockyards are sometimes more linked with maintenance and basing activities. The terms are routinely used interchangeably, in part because the evolution of dockyards and shipyards has often caused them to change or merge roles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dry dock</span> Basin drained to allow work on a vessel

A dry dock is a narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded to allow a load to be floated in, then drained to allow that load to come to rest on a dry platform. Dry docks are used for the construction, maintenance, and repair of ships, boats, and other watercraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wisconsin Maritime Museum</span> Maritime museum in Manitowoc, Wisconsin

The Wisconsin Maritime Museum is a maritime museum in the Lake Michigan port and shipbuilding city of Manitowoc, Wisconsin, U.S.. It preserves and teaches about the maritime history of the Great Lakes and Wisconsin.

CCGS <i>Alexander Henry</i>

CCGS Alexander Henry is a former Canadian Coast Guard light icebreaker and buoy tender that served on the Great Lakes from 1959 to 1984. In 1986, the vessel was handed over to the Marine Museum of the Great Lakes in Kingston, Ontario for preservation as a museum ship. Previously, during the summer months the vessel was also operated as a bed and breakfast. In 2017, the ship was sold to the Lakehead Transportation Museum Society in Thunder Bay, Ontario and in June, was relocated to the Pool 6 site on the town's harbour front, where Alexander Henry continues as a museum ship.

Toronto Drydock Company is a shipbuilding repair company in Canada and the name of two shipbuilders in the 19th and 20th centuries respectively.

Seaspan ULC provides marine-related services to the Pacific Northwest. Within the Group are three shipyards, an intermodal ferry and car float business, along with a tug and barge transportation company that serves both domestic and international markets. Seaspan, is part of the Washington Companies that are owned by Dennis Washington. Kyle Washington, is the Executive Chairman of Seaspan, who has become a Canadian citizen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Naval Shipyards, York (Upper Canada)</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burrard Dry Dock</span> Shipyard in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

SS <i>Keewatin</i> Passenger liner

SS Keewatin is a passenger liner which once traveled between Port Arthur/Fort William on Lake Superior and Port McNicoll on Georgian Bay in Ontario, Canada. She carried passengers between these ports for the Canadian Pacific Railway's Great Lakes steamship service. Keewatin also carried packaged freight goods for the railway at these ports.

Port Weller Dry Docks was a shipbuilder on the Welland Canal at the Lake Ontario entrance. The shipbuilder was founded in 1946 and the site was initially owned by the Government of Canada for storage purchases. The shipyard expanded to include ship repair, and reconstruction work. In 1956, the drydock was sold to the Upper Lakes Shipping Company, which began the construction of vessels at the site. The shipyard twice went insolvent, most recently in 2015. Port Weller Dry Docks was used to build, refit and repair cargo vessels.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halifax Shipyard</span>

The Halifax Shipyard Limited is a Canadian shipbuilding company located in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

The Western Dry Dock and Shipbuilding Company was a shipyard that operated at Port Arthur, Ontario, now part of Thunder Bay, on Lake Superior from 1911 to 1993. The shipyard was established in 1909 and renamed in 1916 as the Port Arthur Shipbuilding Company. The yard closed in 1993. It reopened as a repair yard Lakehead Marine and Industrial, however that venture failed in 2014. As of 2016, the shipyard was purchased by Heddle Marine. It is operated by Heddle Marine in partnership with Fabmar Metals Inc, of Thunder Bay. The venture focuses on ship repair services and winter layup options.

The Wheelhouse Maritime Museum (WMM) was a maritime museum in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It opened officially on Monday, February 1, 1965, by the Underwater Society of Ottawa.. The Wheelhouse Maritime Museum was open to the public on Sunday afternoons from 1 to 5 p.m., and on Tuesdays and Thursdays evenings between 7 and 9 p.m. From February 1, 1965, until it closed in 1976, the museum was housed in the top-storey of 218 Cumberland Street in Ottawa.

Kingston Shipyards was a Canadian shipbuilder and ship repair company that operated from 1910 to 1968. The facility was located on the Kingston waterfront property known as Mississauga Point, which is the now the site of the Marine Museum of the Great Lakes at Kingston.

Charleston Dry Dock & Machine Company was a shipyard located in Charleston, South Carolina, on the Cooper River. The shipyard is significant for its contribution to marine engineering, including the first entirely-welded commercial ship built in the United States. It was owned and operated by Leland Louis Green who was the first registered naval architect in South Carolina.

SS <i>Emperor</i> Canadian Great Lakes freighter 1910-1947

References

  1. 1 2 3 Arnold Edinborough (July 28, 1979). "Is our history important enough to preserve? We must decide". Financial Post. p. 26.
  2. Kingston Dry Dock . Canadian Register of Historic Places .
  3. "Chronology of the City of Kingston". Kingston Historical Society. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26.
  4. Kingston Dry Dock, Directory of Designations of National Historic Significance of Canada
  5. Mike Norris (2011). "Sir John A. 'scam'?". Kingston Whig-Standard.
  6. "Historic place listing for Kingston Dry Dock". 1978-06-19. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  7. "Alexander Henry goes into dry dock". Kingston This Week. 2012-04-05. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  8. "Marine Museum of the Great Lakes Review". Fodor's Travel Guide. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  9. "A day at the museum". The Whig Standard. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  10. "Kingston and the 1000 Islands: An Ontario travel highlight". Val d'Or Star. July 16, 1980. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  11. "Military history proudly displayed at sites throughout city". The Daily Gazette (Albany NY). February 11, 1996. pp. G9, G10. Retrieved 2012-05-04. misidentifies Garden Island as "Green Island".
  12. "Calvin Shipyard". Shipbuildinghistory.com. 2012-02-08. Archived from the original on 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  13. "Zebra mussels blanket historic shipwrecks". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. March 26, 1996. p. 28. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  14. "1812 WARSHIPS:A new exhibit to commemorate the Bicentennial of The War of 1812 is being unveiled at Kingston's Marine Museum of The Great Lakes". CKWS-TV Kingston. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  15. "Marine Museum of the Great Lakes at Kingston - Databases". Queen's University. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  16. "Marine Museum of The Great Lakes At Kingston". Ministry of Canadian Heritage. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  17. Kirkpatrick, Harvey (May 2, 2016). "Marine Museum of the Great Lakes' Eviction Notice". Kingsonist. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  18. "Alexander Henry icebreaker sets sail for Thunder Bay". CBC News. 20 June 2017. Archived from the original on 19 February 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  19. Mazur, Alexandra (July 29, 2019). "Marine Museum to reopen on Ontario Street due to donation". Global News. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  20. MacAlpine, Ian (July 29, 2019). "Marine museum to reopen after benefactor buys property, donates it". thewhig.com. Kingston Whig Standard. Retrieved 5 September 2020.