Mathieu III de Trie (died 26 November 1344)was a 14th-century French military and political leader. [1] He was the lord of Araines, Fontenay, and Vaumain, as well as being the 27th Marshal of France. [1] [2]
Mathieu III de Trie (died 26 November 1344)was a 14th-century French military and political leader. [1] He was the lord of Araines, Fontenay, and Vaumain, as well as being the 27th Marshal of France. [1] [2]
Mathieu was born as the heir to House de Trie in France. His father Renaud I de Trie was a prominent member of the nobility and his younger brother Guillaume de Trie was the Archbishop of Reims. [3]
In 1302 Mathieu led the French 8th bataelge at the Battle of Courtrai. During this engagement his father Renaud was killed, leaving Mathieu to inherit his titles. [1] From 1318 to 1320 he served as the Mashal of France, and in 1322 he was tasked with planning the coronation of Charles IV of France. He commanded an intervention in Guyencourt-sur-Noye and in 1325 led a Corps during the Peasant revolt in Flanders. [4]
His notoriety greatly increased after his younger brother Guillaume de Trie crowned Philip VI of France. Mathieu headed a coalition of Norman lords to support a French conquest of England, and persoanly pledged 44,000 men to the venture. He commanded a French army in Flanders in 1339 and was the commander of the French garrison of Tournai during the first years of the Hundred Years' War. He appointed Lieutenant General of the Flemish frontier in 1342. [4]
Mathieu de Trie died on 26 November 1345. He produced no heirs.
Philip IV, called Philip the Fair, was King of France from 1285 to 1314. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre, he was also King of Navarre as Philip I from 1284 to 1305, as well as Count of Champagne. Although Philip was known to be handsome, hence the epithet le Bel, his rigid, autocratic, imposing, and inflexible personality gained him other nicknames, such as the Iron King. His fierce opponent Bernard Saisset, bishop of Pamiers, said of him: "He is neither man nor beast. He is a statue."
Philip V, known as the Tall, was King of France and Navarre from 1316 to 1322. Philip engaged in a series of domestic reforms intended to improve the management of the kingdom. These reforms included the creation of an independent Court of Finances, the standardization of weights and measures, and the establishment of a single currency.
Charles IV, called the Fair in France and the Bald in Navarre, was last king of the direct line of the House of Capet, King of France and King of Navarre from 1322 to 1328. Charles was the third son of Philip IV; like his father, he was known as "the fair" or "the handsome".
Jean Froissart was a French-speaking medieval author and court historian from the Low Countries who wrote several works, including Chronicles and Meliador, a long Arthurian romance, and a large body of poetry, both short lyrical forms as well as longer narrative poems. For centuries, Froissart's Chronicles have been recognised as the chief expression of the chivalric revival of the 14th-century kingdoms of England, France and Scotland. His history is also an important source for the first half of the Hundred Years' War.
The Battle of the Golden Spurs was a military confrontation between the royal army of France and independent cities in the County of Flanders on 11 July 1302 during the Franco-Flemish War (1297–1305). It took place near the town of Kortrijk in modern-day Belgium and resulted in an unexpected victory for the citizens. It is sometimes referred to as the Battle of Courtrai.
The Jacquerie was a popular revolt by peasants that took place in northern France in the early summer of 1358 during the Hundred Years' War. The revolt was centred in the valley of the Oise north of Paris and was suppressed after over two months of violence. This rebellion became known as "the Jacquerie" because the nobles derided peasants as "Jacques" or "Jacques Bonhomme" for their padded surplice, called a "jacque". The aristocratic chronicler Jean Froissart and his source, the chronicle of Jean le Bel, referred to the leader of the revolt as Jacque Bonhomme, though in fact the Jacquerie 'great captain' was named Guillaume Cale. The word jacquerie became a synonym of peasant uprisings in general in both English and French.
William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman and was one of Magna Carta sureties. He fought during the First Barons' War and was present at the Battle of Lincoln (1217) alongside his father William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, who led the English troops in that battle. He commissioned the first biography of a medieval knight to be written, called L'Histoire de Guillaume le Mareschal, in honour of his father.
Froissart's Chronicles are a prose history of the Hundred Years' War written in the 14th century by Jean Froissart. The Chronicles open with the events leading up to the deposition of Edward II in 1327, and cover the period up to 1400, recounting events in western Europe, mainly in England, France, Scotland, the Low Countries and the Iberian Peninsula, although at times also mentioning other countries and regions such as Italy, Germany, Ireland, the Balkans, Cyprus, Turkey and North Africa.
Admiral of France is a French title of honour. It is the naval equivalent of Marshal of France and was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France.
Walter Manny, 1st Baron Manny, KG, soldier of fortune and founder of the Charterhouse, was from Masny in Hainault, from whose counts he claimed descent. He was a patron and friend of Froissart, in whose chronicles his exploits have a conspicuous and probably an exaggerated place.
Isabelle of Luxembourg (1247–1298) was a countess consort of Flanders and a marquise consort of Namur by marriage to Guy of Dampierre.
Kortrijk, sometimes known in English as Courtrai or Courtray, is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders.
Jean II de Trie (c. 1225 – 1298×1304) was the first of his name (John I) and second of his house to be Count of Dammartin. He succeeded his father, Mathieu, in Dammartin and as lord of Trie and Mouchy, on the latter's death in 1272. He is the same person as the trouvère Jehan de Trie, to whom two surviving chansons courtoises have been attributed. One of these, Bone dame me prie de chanter, is also sometimes attributed to Theobald I of Navarre or Gace Brulé. The other, Li lons consirs et la grans volentés, is undisputed. Both are isometric, decasyllabic, Dorian and set in bar form, and begin with the leading-tone (the seventh degree). At one place in Bone dame there occurs the highly unusual octave leap downwards.
Guy I of Clermont-Nesle was a Marshal of France, Seigneur (Lord) of Offemont jure uxoris, and possibly of Ailly, Maulette and Breteuil. He might have been a Seigneur of Nesle also, or used the title "Sire of Nesle" due to his family. Difficulties about the seigneurie of Breteuil are present, and the status of Ailly and Maulette in relation to Breteuil.
Louis de Sancerre was a Marshal of France and Constable of France during the Hundred Years' War.
Jeanne de Clisson (1300–1359), also known as Jeanne de Belleville and the Lioness of Brittany, was a French/Breton noblewoman who became a privateer to avenge her husband after he was executed for treason by King Philip VI of France. She crossed the English Channel targeting French ships and often slaughtering their crew. It was her practice to leave at least one sailor alive to carry her message of vengeance.
The Counts of Dammartin were the rulers of the county of Dammartin, based in the current commune of Dammartin-en-Goële as early as the 10th century. Located at the central plain of France, the county controlled the roads of Paris to Soissons and Laon. It seems that this county was initially held by Constance, the wife of Manasses Calvus, the first Count. The name Dammartin-en-Goële comes from Domnus Martinus, the Latin name of St. Martin of Tours, who evangelized the region of Goële in the fourth century. A small town in the district of Meaux in the Department of Seine-et-Marne, ancient village of Region of Île-de-France, it appears to go back to the earliest times; Dammartin-en-Goële, also called Velly, was in 1031 one of the most significant places in France.
Jean de Vienne was a French prelate and diplomat. He served as the bishop of Avranches from 1328 until he was transferred to the diocese of Thérouanne in 1331. He was transferred again in 1334 to the archdiocese of Reims, which he held until his death. Jean twice served the king of France as an ambassador to the Holy See and once as an ambassador to Castile.
Geoffroy d'Harcourt, called "the Lame", Viscount of Saint-Sauveur, was a 14th century French nobleman and prominent soldier during the early stages of the Hundred Years' War.
Olivier IV de Clisson (1300–1343), was a Breton Marche Lord and knight who became embroiled in the intrigue of Vannes and was subsequently executed by the King of France for perceived treason. He was the husband of Jeanne de Clisson who eventually became known as the Lioness of Brittany.