The Ministry of Culture (Spanish: Ministerio de Cultura, MINCUL) is the government ministry of Peru in charge of the promotion of Peruvian culture and identity. It was created on 20 July 2010, during the Second presidency of Alan García. It replaced the National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, INC), with Juan Ossio Acuña serving as its inaugural minister after his appointment on 4 September 2010.
The same year, president Nicolás Lindley López created the National Commission of Culture (Spanish: Comisión Nacional de Cultura, CNC), which was overseen and directed by the head of the House of Culture.[2] In 1965, the CNC was dissolved and the National System for the Promotion of Culture (Spanish: Sistema Nacional de Fomento de la Cultura) was created to absorb all cultural institutions of the Peruvian State, being composed of the Consejo Superior de Fomento de la Cultura, the Casa de la Cultura del Perú, and the houses of culture for each department.[1] The first was formed by the minister of education, a number of cultural directors (those of the National Archive, the National Library, the House of Culture, the National Conservatory of Music, and the National Superior Autonomous School of Fine Arts), and delegates from universities.[1]
All state museums, the National Symphony Orchestra, the National Archaeology Board, and the National Theatre were directly dependent on the House of Culture of Peru, which also had an important bibliography, including the Cultura y pueblo magazine (1964–1970), the Revista peruana de cultura (Lima, 1963–1970), and the Boletín informativo de la Casa de la Cultura del Perú (1964–1969).[1]
National Institute of Culture
The National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura) was created on 9 March 1971, by the Revolutionary Government as a decentralized public body of the education sector through Supreme Decree 18799, replacing the House of Culture of Peru.[1] The INC's functions were to formulate and execute the policies and strategies of the state in regards to cultural development, cultural conservation, and the diffusion and investigation of affairs related to the country's cultural heritage. The Regulations of the Organization and Functions of the INC were defined by Supreme Decree 027-2001-ED of 20 April 2001.
In 1992, the Fund for Culture and the Arts was created by the institute.[5] In 1998, minister Domingo Palermo[es] announced that the INC would become the National Institute of Cultural Heritage (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural), but this never came to pass.[6]
In 2001, government of Alejandro Toledo created the National Commission of Culture (Spanish: Comisión Nacional de Cultura, chaired by artist and social activist Víctor Delfín. This commission was tasked with preparing the Cultural Policy Guidelines, which outlined the need for the creation of a Ministry of Culture. However, despite repeated public promises during his term, Toledo did not legally formalise its creation, and it was deactivated in 2003.[citation needed]
In mid-2002, it was integrated into the Executive Branch. In 2004, the INC collaborated with IBM to improve its asset registration system.[7] In 2006, a weekly publication focusing on the country's relevant contributions was launched, known as the Gaceta Cultural del Perú.[8]
The ministry was officially dissolved on 1 October 2010, by Supreme Decree 001-2010-MC, being incorporated into the newly-formed ministry three months after its establishment.[9][10]
Throughout its history, the INC was headed by the following:
During the Second presidency of Alan García, several bills were introduced in Congress with the aim of creating a Ministry of Culture, eventually being approved.[11][12] The ministry was formally created through Law 29565 of 2010.[13]
On 12 June 2020, Popular Action Congressman Jorge Vásquez presented a bill suggesting that the headquarters the ministry be moved to Cuzco, the historic capital of the Inca Empire.[14] The following year, during the inauguration of Pedro Castillo, it was suggested that the name be changed (from "Ministry of Culture" to "Ministry of Cultures") and that its headquarters be moved to Government Palace, which ultimately did not happen.[15]
Organisation
Minister of Culture
Vice Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Industries
General Directorate of Cultural Heritage
General Directorate of Immovable Archaeological Heritage
General Directorate of Museums
General Directorate of Cultural Industries and the Arts
General Directorate for the Protection of Cultural Heritage
Directorate of Audiovisual, Phonography, and New Media (DAFO)
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