Mlaka pri Kočevju

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Mlaka pri Kočevju
Mlaka pri Kocevju Slovenia.jpg
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Mlaka pri Kočevju
Location in Slovenia
Coordinates: 45°39′45.56″N14°50′58.49″E / 45.6626556°N 14.8495806°E / 45.6626556; 14.8495806 Coordinates: 45°39′45.56″N14°50′58.49″E / 45.6626556°N 14.8495806°E / 45.6626556; 14.8495806
Country Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia
Traditional region Lower Carniola
Statistical region Southeast Slovenia
Municipality Kočevje
Area
 • Total 1.46 km2 (0.56 sq mi)
Elevation 479.1 m (1,571.9 ft)
Population (2002)
 • Total 287
[1]

Mlaka pri Kočevju (pronounced  [ˈmlaːka pɾi kɔˈtʃeːu̯ju] ; German : Kerndorf, [2] [3] Gottscheerish: Kearndoarf [4] ) is a settlement north of the town of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. [5]

German language West Germanic language

German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German-speaking Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein. It is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg and a co-official language in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland. The languages which are most similar to German are the other members of the West Germanic language branch: Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Yiddish. There are also strong similarities in vocabulary with Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, although those belong to the North Germanic group. German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English.

Gottscheerish dialect

Gottscheerish is an Upper German dialect which was the main language of communication among the Gottscheers in the enclave of Gottschee, Slovenia, before 1941. It is occasionally referred to as Granish or Granisch in the United States, a term also used for Slovene. Today there are only a few speakers left in Slovenia and around the world.

Kočevje City in Slovenia

Kočevje is a city in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality.

Contents

Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Mlaka to Mlaka pri Kočevju in 1953. [6] The name Mlaka is derived from the Slovene common nounu mlaka 'pond', referring to the village pond. [7] :134 [8] Petschauer suggests that the German name Kerndorf may be derived from a surname, Kern, or that it may derive from Middle High German kurn (dialect kirn) 'quern'. [4]

Middle High German is the term for the form of German spoken in the High Middle Ages. It is conventionally dated between 1050 and 1350, developing from Old High German and into Early New High German. High German is defined as those varieties of German which were affected by the Second Sound Shift; the Middle Low German and Middle Dutch languages spoken to the North and North West, which did not participate in this sound change, are not part of MHG.

Quern-stone stone tool for hand-grinding various materials, especially foodstuffs

Quern-stones are stone tools for hand-grinding a wide variety of materials. They are used in pairs. The lower, stationary, stone is called a quern, while the upper mobile stone is called a handstone. The central hole is called the hopper and a handle slot enables the handstone to be rotated. They were first used in the Neolithic era to grind cereals into flour.

History

Mlaka pri Kočevju was a Gottschee German village. In the land registry of 1574, it had five full farms divided into 10 half-farms, corresponding to a population of 60 to 65. In the 1770 census the settlement had 28 houses. In 1936 there were 46 houses in the settlement, with a population of 164. The village economy at this time was based on farming, hauling timber, lumber, and firewood, gathering berries, peddling, and selling milk and butter in the nearby town of Kočevje. [9] The original inhabitants (77 ethnic Germans from at least 19 houses) were evicted during the Second World War, between 4 and 12 January 1942. [7] :134 The buildings in the village survived the war in relatively good condition and the population continued to grow after the war, reaching a maximum of 308 in 2000. [7] :135

Gottscheers ethnic group

Gottscheers are the German settlers of the Kočevje region of Slovenia, formerly Gottschee County. Until the Second World War, their main language of communication was Gottscheerish, a Bavarian dialect.

Religious heritage

The village church was dedicated to Saints Phillip and James and dated from 1677. [7] :135–136 It was a picturesque building with a bell-gable and a large portico. The main altar was created by Franz Götzl in 1841, and the side altar, dedicated to Saint Andrew, dated to 1862. Next to it there was a chapel dedicated to Saint Notburga. [10] The church fell into disrepair and was demolished after 1966. Its two bells were scrapped, and the stones from the church were reused to build nearby houses. [7] :136 A chapel-shrine at the southern edge of the village was razed in 1963. A replacement, dedicated to Saint Peter, was built by Peter Požar and it was dedicated on 29 June 2007. A second chapel-shrine, dedicated to Saints Phillip and James, was built about 100 m from the location of the old church and was dedicated on 25 July 2007. [7] :136

Bell-gable architectural element

The bell gable is an architectural element crowning at the upper end of the wall of church buildings, usually in lieu of a church tower. It consists of a gable end in stone, with small hollow semi-circular arches where the church bells are placed. It is a characteristic example of the simplicity of Romanesque architecture.

Wayside shrine religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway

A wayside shrine is a religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway, sometimes in a settlement or at a crossroads, but often in the middle of an empty stretch of country road, or at the top of a hill or mountain. They have been a feature of many cultures, including Catholic and Orthodox Europe and Shinto Japan.

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References

  1. ↑ Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia
  2. ↑ Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 42.
  3. ↑ Ferenc, Mitja. 2007. Nekdanji nemški jezikovni otok na kočevskem. Kočevje: Pokrajinski muzej, p. 4.
  4. 1 2 Petschauer, Erich. 1980. "Die Gottscheer Siedlungen – Ortsnamenverzeichnis." In Das Jahrhundertbuch der Gottscheer (pp. 181–197). Klagenfurt: Leustik.
  5. ↑ Kočevje municipal site
  6. ↑ Spremembe naselij 1948–95. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ferenc, Mitja, & Gojko Zupan. 2012. Izgubljene kočevske vasi, vol. 2 (K–P). Ljubljana: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani.
  8. ↑ Snoj, Marko. 2009. Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, p. 265.
  9. ↑ Krajevni leksikon Dravske Banovine. 1937. Ljubljana: Zveza za tujski promet za Slovenijo, p. 216.
  10. ↑ Savnik, Roman, ed. 1971. Krajevni leksikon Slovenije, vol. 2. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije, p. 232.
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