Ngiratkel Etpison | |
---|---|
5th President of Palau | |
In office 1 January 1989 –1 January 1993 | |
Vice President | Kuniwo Nakamura |
Preceded by | Thomas Remengesau Sr. |
Succeeded by | Kuniwo Nakamura |
Personal details | |
Born | Koror,South Seas Mandate (present day Palau) | 3 May 1924
Died | 1 August 1997 73) Riverside,California,United States | (aged
Political party | Independent |
Children | 2 |
Ngiratkel Etpison (3 May 1924 –1 August 1997) [1] was a politician and businessman from Palau. Etpison was elected President in 1988 and served from 1989 until 1993,becoming the country’s first elected president to serve a full term in office.
Before the 1988 elections,Etpison was a businessman and governor of Ngatpang State with limited political experience. He did not speak English. [2]
He was elected the country's president in the 1988 elections,the final elections conducted under a plurality voting system,in which he received just 26% of the votes cast,defeating opponent Roman Tmetuchl by a margin of 31 votes. The near-tie led elections in Palau to be reformed,and after that they were conducted under majority voting,with a second round if no candidate received more than half of all votes cast. He served from 1 January 1989 to 1 January 1993. He ran again in the 1992 elections,but attracted just 2,084 votes compared to rivals Johnson Toribiong with 3,188 votes and Kuniwo Nakamura with 3,125 votes. [3]
Ngiratkel Etpison was the first president that survived his entire presidency. (Haruo Remeliik was murdered and Lazarus Salii committed suicide by shooting,both while in office.)
While in office,Etpison proposed a request to the United States of America to grant Palau independence from its 43-year U.N. trusteeship. Because of the Palauan constitutional requirement of achieving a 75% majority vote,the initial proposal was overturned. This proposal would later develop into the Compact of Free Association,an agreement with the United States that would grant independence to the Republic of Palau. The Compact of Free Association was approved by the United States in 1994 under Kuniwo Nakamura after negotiating a 50-year stimulus plan to support Palau's founding of its new Republic in exchange for military assets in land. [4]
Ngiratkel Etpison founded the NECO group of companies in 1945. He started by using a Japanese scrapped generator to make ice candy,later becoming one of the prominent businessmen of Palau. He started the first tourist and sightseeing business in the 1970s,and in 1984 opened Palau Pacific Resort,Palau's most luxurious beach resort. [1]
Etpison was the Rekemesik of Ngatpang. [5] He died on Aug 1,1997 in California,United States. The Etpison Museum opened in August 1999 and was built by his children,Shallum and Mandy Etpison. [6]
In the United States,the Electoral College is the group of presidential electors that is formed every four years during the presidential election for the sole purpose of voting for the president and vice president. This process is described in Article Two of the Constitution. The number of electoral votes exercised by each state is equal to that state's congressional delegation which is the number of Senators (two) plus the number of Representatives for that state. Each state appoints electors using legal procedures determined by its legislature. Federal office holders,including senators and representatives,cannot be electors. Additionally,the Twenty-third Amendment granted the federal District of Columbia three electors. A simple majority of electoral votes is required to elect the president and vice president. If no candidate achieves a majority,a contingent election is held by the House of Representatives,to elect the president,and by the Senate,to elect the vice president.
Thomas Esang "Tommy" Remengesau Jr. is a Palauan politician. In 2013,he was elected the ninth president of Palau and was re-elected to that office in 2016. Previously he served as the seventh president of the island nation from 2001 to 2009. He served as a Senator in the Palau National Congress between his two administrations. In sum,Remengesau was elected Vice-President of Palau in 1992 and 1996,then president in 2000,2004,2012 and 2016.
Thomas Ongelibel Remengesau,also known as Thomas Remengesau Sr.,was a politician in Palau. He was Vice President of Palau from 1985 to 1988,and acting President of Palau in 1985 and President of Palau from 1988 to 1989 following the violent deaths of two previous presidents.
Kuniwo Nakamura was a Palauan politician who served as the President of Palau from 1993 to 2001. He had earlier served as Vice President of Palau from 1989 to 1993,under Ngiratkel Etpison.
Elias Camsek Chin is a Palauan politician. He served as the Vice President of Palau from 1 January 2005 to 15 January 2009. He was elected as the president of the Senate of Palau from 16 January 2013 to 19 January 2017.
Lazarus Eitaro Salii was a politician from Palau. He served as the second elected President of Palau from 25 October 1985 until his death by suicide on 20 August 1988,amid bribery allegations.
Roman Tmetuchl was a Palauan political leader and businessman. He grew up in Japanese-controlled Palau and joined the Kempeitai,the Japanese secret police,during World War II. After the war,he became the leader of Palau's Liberal Party. He worked in the Congress of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from 1964 to 1978 and advocated for Palau gaining a separate status from the rest of Micronesia. He became governor of Airai and engaged in three unsuccessful Palauan presidential campaigns. As a businessman,Tmetuchl led several construction projects for his business holdings and for the Palauan community,including the Palau International Airport and a Seventh-Day Adventist clinic.
Johnson Toribiong is a Palauan attorney and politician. Toribiong became the president of Palau,following his victory in the November 2008 election,and left office in 2013. Before 2020 elections,Toribiong has run for president four times - in 1992,1996,2008 and 2012.
Hokkons Baules is a businessman and a politician,and currently a member of the Senate of Palau. He has been the president of the Senate since 19 January 2017. He was elected in 2008 to fill the seat of the late Senate president Johnny Reklai. He had previously served in the Senate of the Second Olbiil Era Kelulau from 1985 until 1988.
Peter Lawrence Naoya Sugiyama was a Palauan politician.
A seventh referendum on the Compact of Free Association was held in Palau on 6 February 1990,after the previous six referendums had failed to achieve the 75% in favour necessary. Voters were asked whether they approved of the Compact of Free Association between Palau and the United States signed on 10 January 1986. Although it was approved by voters,the quorum of 75% in favour was not reached,resulting in the referendum failing.
General elections were held in Palau on 2 November 1988 to elect a president,vice president and members of the Senate and House of Delegates. All candidates ran as independents. Ngiratkel Etpison was elected president,whilst Kuniwo Nakamura won the election for vice president. Voter turnout was 83%.
General elections were held in Palau in 1992 to elect a President,Vice-President,Senate and House of Delegates. The first round of the presidential election took place on 22 September,whilst the run-off election and the election for the House of Delegates and Senate took place on 4 November. All candidates ran as independents. Despite finishing second in the first round of voting,Kuniwo Nakamura was elected President,whilst Thomas Remengesau Jr. won the election for Vice-President. Voter turnout was 74.3% in the presidential elections on 22 September and 83.9% on 4 November,and 83.2% for the legislative elections.
An independence referendum for Chuuk State to secede from the Federated States of Micronesia was originally scheduled to take place in March 2015. However,it has been delayed three times and it is uncertain if it will take place. The most populous of the four states within the FSM,Chuuk has high levels of unemployment and there are long-standing tensions over the distribution of funding within the FSM. Other concerns include political power within the federation and the preservation of cultural identity.
Surangel Samuel Whipps Jr. is a Palauan businessman and politician,who has served as the president of Palau since 2021. He served as senator from 2008 to 2016. He is from the State of Ngatpang. Whipps assumed office as the President of Palau on 21 January 2021.
The United States Electoral College was established by the U.S. Constitution,which was adopted in 1789,as part of the process for the indirect election of the President and Vice-President of the United States. The institution is criticized since its establishment and a number of efforts have been made to reform the way it works or abolish it. Any change would require a constitutional amendment. In 1971,one of these attempts was almost successful in being proposed to the States. An interstate compact proposal,which would bypass the requirement for a constitutional amendment,is at 76% of successful completion as of August 2023.
The following lists events that happened during 2020 in the Republic of Palau.
Palau–Taiwan relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of Palau and the Republic of China (Taiwan). Palau maintains an embassy in Taipei and Taiwan maintains an embassy in Koror City. Exchanges between the two nations range from agriculture,culture,education,fishery,medical services,tourism and water supply infrastructure. As of 28 December 2024,Palau is one of only 12 United Nations member states to have formal diplomatic relations with Taiwan.
Santos Olikong was a Palauan politician and a former Speaker of the House of Delegates of Palau. He was also a senator,bank manager and cabinet minister.