Patricia Routledge

Dame Patricia Routledge DBE
Born	Katherine Patricia Routledge (1929-02-17) 17 February 1929 (age 94) Tranmere, Cheshire, England
Alma mater	University of Liverpool Bristol Old Vic Theatre School
Occupation(s)	Actress, singer
Years active	1952–2014

Dame Katherine Patricia Routledge, DBE ( /ˈraʊtlɪdʒ/ ROWT-lij; ^[1] born 17 February 1929) is an English stage, TV and film actress and singer.

Routledge is best known for her comedy role as Hyacinth Bucket in the BBC sitcom Keeping Up Appearances (1990–1995), she was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance in 1992 and 1993. Her film appearances include To Sir, with Love (1967) and Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River (1968).

Routledge made her professional stage debut at the Liverpool Playhouse in 1952 and her Broadway debut in How's the World Treating You in 1966. She won the 1968 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her role in Darling of the Day , and the 1988 Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for Candide .

On television, Routledge came to prominence during the 1980s in monologues written by Alan Bennett and Victoria Wood; appearing in Bennett's A Woman of No Importance (1982), as Kitty in Victoria Wood: As Seen on TV (1985–1986), and being nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress for Bennett's Talking Heads: A Lady of Letters (1988). She also starred as Hetty Wainthropp in the British television series Hetty Wainthropp Investigates (1990, 1996–1998). In 2017, she was made a dame by Queen Elizabeth II for her services to entertainment and charity.

Early life

Routledge was born on 17 February 1929 in Tranmere in Cheshire. ^[2] Her father was a haberdasher and gentlemen's outfitter. ^[3] She was educated at Birkenhead High School, ^[4] and the University of Liverpool. ^[5] She gained a degree with honours in English Language and Literature. ^[6] She was involved in the University's dramatic society, where she worked closely with the academic Edmund Colledge, who both directed and acted in several of the society's productions. It was Colledge who persuaded her to pursue an acting career. ^[7] After graduating, she trained at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School and returned to Liverpool to begin her acting career at the Liverpool Playhouse. ^[8]

Career

Theatre

Routledge has had a long career in theatre, particularly musical theatre, in the United Kingdom and the United States. Her vocal range was labelled as a mezzo-soprano and a contralto. She has been a long-standing member of the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), appearing in such acclaimed productions as the 1984 Richard III , which starred Antony Sher in the title role. ^{[9] [10]} Her West End credits include Little Mary Sunshine , ^[11] Cowardy Custard , ^[12] Virtue in Danger, ^[13] Noises Off , ^[14] The Importance of Being Earnest , ^[15] and The Solid Gold Cadillac , ^[16] as well as a number of less successful vehicles. She was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her work in And a Nightingale Sang in 1979. A classically trained singer, ^[17] she has occasionally made forays into operetta including taking the title role in an acclaimed production of Jacques Offenbach's La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein at the 1978 Camden Festival; "As the Grand Duchess she invested every phrase, spoken or sung [...] with wit and meaning, and coloured her tone to express a wide variety of emotions. Never did she resort to the hoydenish behaviour that this role – in British productions at least – seems to invite." ^[18]

Routledge made her Broadway debut in Roger Milner's comedy How's the World Treating You? in 1966, returning in the short-lived 1968 musical Darling of the Day , ^[19] for which she won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical, sharing the honour with Leslie Uggams of Hallelujah, Baby! ^[20] Following this, Routledge had roles in several more unsuccessful Broadway productions including a musical called Love Match, in which she played Queen Victoria; the legendary 1976 Leonard Bernstein flop 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, in which she portrayed every U.S. First Lady from Abigail Adams to Eleanor Roosevelt; ^[21] and a 1981 musical, Say Hello to Harvey – based on the Mary Coyle Chase play Harvey (1944) – which closed in Toronto before reaching New York City. ^[22]

In 1980, Routledge played Ruth in the Joseph Papp production of The Pirates of Penzance , co-starring American actor Kevin Kline and pop vocalist Linda Ronstadt, at the Delacorte Theatre in New York City's Central Park, one of a series of Shakespeare in the Park summer events. ^{[23] [24]} The show was a hit and transferred to Broadway the following January, with Estelle Parsons replacing Routledge. A DVD of the Central Park production, with Routledge, was released in October 2002. She also performed in Façade at New York's Carnegie Recital Hall. ^[25]

Routledge won a Laurence Olivier Award in 1988 for her portrayal of the Old Lady in Leonard Bernstein's Candide in the London cast of the critically acclaimed Scottish Opera production. ^[6] One critic noted "She stopped the show with 'I am so easily assimilated', and her long narration worked on at least two levels – it was both hilarious and oddly moving." ^[26] She also played the role of Nettie Fowler to great acclaim in the 1993 London production of Carousel . ^[27] In a 2006 Hampstead Theatre production of The Best of Friends , she portrayed Dame Laurentia McLachlan. ^[28] In 2008, she played Queen Mary in Royce Ryton's play Crown Matrimonial. ^[29] More recent work includes the narrator in The Carnival of the Animals with the Nash Ensemble in 2010, ^[30] the role of Dame Myra Hess in the play Admission: One Shilling in 2011, and Lady Markby in An Ideal Husband at the Chichester Festival Theatre in 2014. ^[31]

Since 2009, Routledge has toured with a show entitled Facing The Music. The show features insights into her musical theatre career. ^[32]

Film and television

Routledge's screen credits include To Sir, with Love (1967), ^[33] Pretty Polly (1967), ^[34] 30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia , The Bliss of Mrs. Blossom , ^[35] Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River (all 1968), ^[36] If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium (1969) and Girl Stroke Boy (1971).

Routledge's early television appearances included a role in Steptoe and Son , in the episode "Seance in a Wet Rag and Bone Yard" (1974), as a clairvoyant called Madame Fontana. She also appeared in Coronation Street (1961), ^[37] and as a white witch in Doctor at Large (1971). Routledge played Mrs. Jennings in the BBC mini-series production of Sense and Sensibility (1971). However, she did not come to prominence on television until she featured in monologues written for her by Alan Bennett and later Victoria Wood in the 1980s. She first appeared in A Woman of No Importance , the second installment of Bennett's anthology, Objects of Affection in 1982. ^[38] She then played the opinionated Kitty in Victoria Wood: As Seen on TV in 1985. She performed two further monologues in Bennett's Talking Heads in 1988 and 1998. Routledge was nominated for a British Academy Television Award for Best Actress for the monologue "A Lady of Letters".

In 1989, Routledge accepted the lead role of Hetty Wainthropp in an ITV mystery drama, Hetty Wainthropp: Missing Persons. ITV opted not to pursue a series after the pilot episode, but in 1996 the BBC produced the first series of Hetty Wainthropp Investigates , with Routledge again in the lead role. The show co-starred Dominic Monaghan as her assistant and Derek Benfield as her husband. It was first aired in January 1996, and ran until the autumn of 1998, with a special episode in 1999. Monaghan, who went on to enjoy a Hollywood career, has since credited Routledge as "an amazing teacher" who taught him some "very valuable lessons" in acting. ^[39]

In 1990, Routledge was cast as Hyacinth Bucket in the comedy series Keeping Up Appearances. ^[40] She portrayed a formerly working-class woman with social pretensions (insisting her surname be pronounced "bouquet") and delusions of grandeur (her oft-mentioned "candlelight suppers"). ^[41] Routledge delighted in portraying Hyacinth, as she claimed she "couldn't stand people like her" in real life. In 1991, she won a British Comedy Award for her portrayal, ^[42] and she was later nominated for two BAFTA TV Awards in 1992 and 1993. Routledge left the role in 1995, despite the series' ongoing popularity, as she wished to pursue other roles as an actress. During an interview on Australian television, Routledge said: "I'd much rather people look back and say 'I remember that' than say 'Oh, is that still on?'" Another reason she wished to leave the role was that she felt that the writer Roy Clarke, was "rewriting old scripts".^{[ citation needed ]}

Routledge has also played several real-life characters for television, including Barbara Pym and in a dramatised BBC Omnibus biographical documentary of 1994, Hildegard of Bingen. ^[43]

In 2001, Routledge starred in Anybody's Nightmare , a fact-based television drama in which she played Sheila Bowler, a mother and piano teacher who served four years in prison for murdering her elderly aunt, but was later acquitted following a retrial. ^[44]

Radio and audio books

In 1966, Routledge sang the role of Mad Margaret in Ruddigore , the title role in Iolanthe , and Melissa in Princess Ida , in a series of BBC Radio Gilbert and Sullivan recordings. ^[45] She took part in a studio broadcast of Tchaikovsky's opera Vakula the Smith (narrating excerpts from the work by Gogol) in 1989. ^[46] In 2006, she was featured in an episode of the Stage and Screen series on Radio 3. ^[47]

Routledge's extensive radio credits include several Alan Bennett plays and the BBC dramatisation of Carole Hayman's Ladies of Letters , in which she and Prunella Scales play retired women exchanging humorous correspondence over the course of several years. ^[48] A tenth series of Ladies of Letters premiered on BBC Radio 4 in 2009. ^[49]

Radio work prior to 1985 included Private Lives , Present Laughter , The Cherry Orchard , Romeo and Juliet , Alice in Wonderland and The Fountain Overflows. ^[25]

Having a distinctive voice, Routledge has also recorded and released a variety of audiobooks including unabridged readings of Wuthering Heights and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and abridged novelisations of the Hetty Wainthropp series. ^[50]

Personal life

Routledge has never married and has no children. In a 2001 interview, she said: "I didn't make a decision not to be married and not to be a mother. Life just turned out like that because my involvement in acting was so total". In the same interview, Routledge discussed two affairs she had been involved in: one with a married man whilst in her late 20s and the other being some years later with a man directing a play she was appearing in. ^[51]

She has lived in Chichester since 2000 ^{[52] [53]} and regularly worships at Chichester Cathedral. ^[6] In 2020, she helped raise £10,000 towards the restoration of the cathedral roof. ^[52]

Routledge is a patron of the Beatrix Potter Society ^[54] and an ambassador for the charity Royal Voluntary Service, previously known as WRVS. ^[55]

Honours

Routledge was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1993 Birthday Honours, Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2004 Birthday Honours, ^[56] and Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to theatre and charity. ^[57]

In 2008, Routledge received an honorary degree of Doctor of Letters from Lancaster University for her contribution to drama and theatre. ^[58]

On 15 March 2019, Routledge received an honorary degree of Doctor of Letters from the University of Chester at Chester Cathedral for her contributions to theatre and television. ^[59]

In 2022, the Royal Academy of Music conferred Routledge with honorary membership. ^[60]

An honorary president of the Association of English Singers & Speakers (which exists to "encourage communication of English words in speech and song with clarity, understanding and imagination"), she has sponsored the annual AESS National English Song Prize from 2003 to the present. ^[61]

Screen and stage work

Film

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1967	To Sir, with Love	Clinty Clintridge	Directed by James Clavell
	Pretty Polly	Miss Gudgeon	Directed by Guy Green
1968	30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia	Mrs Woolley	Directed by Joseph McGrath [62]
	Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River	Lucille Beatty	Directed by Walter Shenson [62]
	The Bliss of Mrs. Blossom	Miss Reece	Directed by Joseph McGrath [62]
1969	Lock Up Your Daughters	Nurse	Directed by Peter Coe [62]
	If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium	Mrs Featherstone	Directed by Mel Stuart
1970	Egghead's Robot	Mrs Janice Wentworth	Directed by Milo Lewis
1971	Girl Stroke Boy	Pamela Hovendon	Directed by Bob Kellett [62]

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1956–66	ITV Play of the Week	Alice Clay/Maggie Hobson	3 episodes
1959	ITV Play of the Week	Dido Morgan/Kate Barclay/Louisa Lindley	6 episodes
1960	The Terrible Choice
1961	Hilda Lessways	Hilda Lessways	6 episodes
	Coronation Street	Sylvia Snape	5 episodes
1961–70	Armchair Theatre [63]	Miss Furling/New mother	2 episodes
1962	Z-Cars	Madge Kenton	1 episode
1964	Victoria Regina	Queen Victoria	Four part serial
1965	Not So Much a Programme, More a Way of Life	Irish Mother	2 episodes
	No Hiding Place	Pat	1 episode
	Gaslight Theatre	'Our Mary'
1967	Thirty-Minute Theatre	Beryl Turner
	Seven Deadly Sins	Mrs Vealfoy in The Good and Faithful Servant
	Androcles and the Lion	Megaera, Androcles' Wife	TV film
The Ed Sullivan Show	Performer, "Not on Your Nellie"	Soundtrack
1969	ITV Saturday Night Theatre	Hazel Day	1 episode
1970	Egghead's Robot	Mrs Janice Wentworth	Children's Film Foundation [62]
	ITV Playhouse	Fern/Rose	1 episode
1971	Sense and Sensibility	Mrs. Jennings	4 episodes
	Doctor at Large	Audrey Watt	1 episode
	Play of the Month: Tartuffe [64]	Dorine	Videotaped drama
	Vincent Price Is in the Country	Herself	TV film
1972	His and Hers	Myrtle Waller	1 episode
1973	Ooh La La!	Lucienne Homenides de Histangau
	That's Life	On-screen Participant	BBC pilot programme [62]
1974	Affairs of the Heart	Mrs. Meldrum	1 episode
	Steptoe and Son	Madame Fontana
	...And Mother Makes Five	Mrs. Fletcher	2 episodes
	David Copperfield	Mrs. Micawber	3 episodes
1975	Play of the Month: When We Are Married	Annie Parker	Videotaped drama
	More Awkward Customers	Cast member	Video Arts training film [62]
1977	Nicholas Nickleby	Madame Mantalini	BBC mini-series
	Jubilee		1 episode
	The Cost of Loving	Sarah Taplow
1978	BBC2 Play of the Week	Miss Protheroe
	Doris and Doreen	Doreen Bidmead	TV film
1979	Crown Court	Rita Finch	1 episode
1980	The Pirates of Penzance	Ruth	TV film
	Play for Today	ATS Officer	1 episode
	The Curse of King Tut's Tomb	'Posh' Lady	TV film
1982	Objects of Affection: "A Woman of No Importance"	Peggy Schofield	1 episode
1983	The Beggar's Opera	Mrs. Peachum	TV film
	Keep Off the Grass	Bag Lady	Short
	The Two Ronnies	Madame Bultitude	1 episode
1984	Home Video		TV film
1985	Marjorie and Men	Marjorie Belton	6 episodes
1985–86	Victoria Wood: As Seen on TV	Kitty	5 episodes
1987	When We Are Married	Maria Helliwell	TV film
1988	Tales of the Unexpected	Milly Dobson	Episode (9/4) "The Verger"
	Talking Heads	Miss Ruddock	1 episode, "A Lady of Letters"
	Sophia and Constance	Mrs Baines	3 episodes
1989	First and Last	Ivy	TV film
	Let's Face the Music	On-screen participant	Yorkshire TV (programmes on Noël Coward, Jerome Kern and Frederick Loewe) [62]
1990	Missing Persons	Hetty Wainthropp	TV film
	Alas Smith and Jones		1 episode
1991	Miss Pym's Day Out	Barbara Pym
1993	The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends	Cousin Ribby	2 episodes
1994	Hildegard of Bingen	Hildegard von Bingen	BBC TV Dramatisation/documentary [62]
1990–95	Keeping Up Appearances	Hyacinth Bucket	Main role
1996–98	Hetty Wainthropp Investigates
Talking Heads 2	Miss Fozzard	1 episode, "Miss Fozzard Finds Her Feet"
2001	Anybody's Nightmare	Sheila Bowler	TV film
2005	Blips	Narrator	Voice

Stage

Year	Production	Role	Venue
1952	A Midsummer Night's Dream	Hippolyta	Liverpool Playhouse, Liverpool
1954	The Duenna	Carlotta	Bristol Old Vic and Westminster Theatre, London
1956	The Comedy of Errors	Adriana	Arts Theatre, London
1957	Zuleika	Aunt Mabel	Saville Theatre, London
1959	The Love Doctor	Henrietta Argan	Piccadilly Theatre, London
1960	Follow That Girl	Mrs Gilchrist	Vaudeville Theatre, London
1961	Come As You Are		Guildford
	Out of My Mind		Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith
1962	Little Mary Sunshine	Mary Potts ("Little Mary Sunshine")	Comedy Theatre, London
1963	Virtue in Danger [65]	Berinthia	Mermaid Theatre and Strand Theatre, London
1964	Home and Beauty	Victoria	Croydon
1965	How's the World Treating You?	Violet/Nell/Rover	Arts Theatre and Wyndham's Theatre, London (1965) and Music Box Theatre, New York City (1966)
1968	Darling of the Day	Alice Challice	George Abbott Theatre, New York City
	Love Match	Queen Victoria	Ahmanson Theatre, Los Angeles
1969	The Caucasian Chalk Circle	Mother-in-law	Chichester Festival Theatre
	The Country Wife	Lady Fidget
	The Magistrate	Agatha Posket	Chichester Festival Theatre and Cambridge Theatre, London
1971	First Impressions	Mrs Bennet	Birmingham Repertory Theatre
1972	Cowardy Custard		Mermaid Theatre, London
1973	Dandy Dick	Georgina Tidman	Chichester Festival Theatre and Garrick Theatre, London
1975	The Cherry Orchard	Madame Ranevskaya	Bristol Old Vic
	Othello	Emilia	Chichester Festival Theatre
	Made in Heaven	Martha Avon
1976	1600 Pennsylvania Avenue	All of the First Ladies	Mark Hellinger Theatre, New York City
	The Rivals	Mrs Malaprop	Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester
	Zack	Mrs Munnings
1977	On Approval	Maria Wislack	Vaudeville Theatre, London
1978	The Grand Duchess of Gerolstein	The Grand Duchess	Collegiate Theatre, Camden, London
	Gracious Living [66]	Daisy Tuttle	Eisenhower Theatre, Washington, D.C.
	Semmelweiss	Julia
1979	The Schoolmistress	Miss Dyott	Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester
	And a Nightingale Sang...	Peggy Stott	Queen's Theatre, London
1980	The Pirates of Penzance	Ruth	Delacorte Theater, New York City
1981	Say Hello to Harvey		Toronto, Canada
1982	Noises Off	Dotty Otley	Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith and Savoy Theatre, London
1983	When the Wind Blows		Whitehall Theatre, London
1984	Richard III	Queen Margaret	Royal Shakespeare Company
1985	Henry V	Mistress Quickly	Royal Shakespeare Company
1986	When We Are Married	Maria Helliwell	Whitehall Theatre, London
1988	Candide	Old Lady	The Old Vic, London
1989	Come for the Ride	(one-woman show)	UK tour
1992	Talking Heads		Comedy Theatre, London
	Carousel	Nettie Fowler	National Theatre, London
1994	Mr and Mrs Nobody	Carrie Pooter	Greenwich Theatre, London
	The Rivals	Mrs Malaprop	Chichester Festival Theatre and Albery Theatre, London
	The Schoolmistress	Miss Dyott	Chichester Festival Theatre
1997	Beatrix	Beatrix Potter	Minerva Theatre, Chichester and UK tour
1999–2001	The Importance of Being Earnest	Lady Bracknell	Chichester Festival Theatre and Theatre Royal Haymarket, London (1999), Australian tour (2000) and Savoy Theatre, London (2001)
2002	Wild Orchids [67]	Duchess	Chichester Festival Theatre
2004	The Solid Gold Cadillac	Mrs Laura Partridge	Garrick Theatre, London
2006	The Best of Friends	Dame Laurentia MacLachlan	Hampstead Theatre and UK tour
2007	Office Suite	Doreen/Miss Protheroe	Minerva Theatre, Chichester and UK tour
2008	Crown Matrimonial	Queen Mary	UK tour
2009–present	Admission: One Shilling	Myra Hess	UK and Australian tours
	Facing the Music		UK tours
2014	An Ideal Husband	Lady Markby	Chichester Festival Theatre

Discography

Cast recordings

Year	Album	Notes
1960	Follow That Girl	Original London Cast
1962	Little Mary Sunshine
1963	Virtue in Danger
1965	Hello, Dolly!	1965 London Studio Cast (Mrs Irene Malloy)
1966	The Sound of Music	1966 London Studio Cast (Mother Abbess)
1967	Androcles and the Lion	1967 Television Cast
	Kiss Me, Kate	1967 London Studio Cast (Lily/Katherine)
1968	Darling of the Day	1968 Original Broadway Cast
1969	A Talent to Amuse: Noel Coward's 70th Birthday Concert	1969 Concert Cast
1972	Cowardy Custard	1972 Original London Cast
1976	Cole	1976 Studio Cast
1985	I Remember Mama	1985 Original Cast Members (Aunt Jenny)
1987	An Evening With Alan Jay Lerner	1987 Concert Cast

Studio albums

Year	Album	Notes
1973	Presenting Patricia Routledge	Re-released on CD in 1996

Awards and nominations

Year	Award	Category	Work	Result
1966	Whitbread Award	Outstanding Musical Performance	How’s The World Treating You?	Won
1968	Tony Award	Best Actress in a Musical	Darling of the Day	Won
1979	Olivier Award	Best Supporting Actress	And a Nightingale Sang...	Nominated
1984	Broadcasting Press Guild Award	Best Actress	A Woman of No Importance	Won
1985	Olivier Award	Best Supporting Performance	Richard III	Nominated
1988		Best Actress in a Musical	Candide	Won
1989	BAFTA TV Award	Best Actress	Talking Heads: A Lady of Letters	Nominated
1991	British Comedy Award	Best TV Comedy Actress	Keeping Up Appearances	Won
1992	BAFTA TV Award	Best Light Entertainment Performance		Nominated
	Olivier Award	Best Actress	Talking Heads	Nominated
1993	BAFTA TV Award	Best Light Entertainment Performance	Keeping up Appearances	Nominated
	Variety Club of Great Britain Award	Personality of the Year	Keeping up Appearances	Won

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External links

• StackPath Archived 31 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine
• selected performances in Theatre Archive University of Bristol
• Interview January, 2015, in the Coeur d' Alene Press Archived 19 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine
• Patricia Routledge at the Internet Broadway Database
• Patricia Routledge at IMDb
• Patricia Routledge at the British Film Institute
• Patricia Routledge (Aveleyman)