Peruvian Communist Party

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Peruvian Communist Party
Partido Comunista Peruano [a]
AbbreviationPCP [b]
Secretary-GeneralDomingo Cabrera Toro
Founder José Carlos Mariátegui
Founded9 April 1928 (1928-04-09)
Headquarters Ramón Castilla Square, Lima, Peru
Youth wing JCP [c]
Ideology
Political position Far-left
National affiliation JP (2017–present)
Regional affiliation São Paulo Forum
International affiliation IMCWP
WAP [1]
Website
pcp.pe

The Peruvian Communist Party (Spanish : Partido Comunista Peruano; PCP) is a communist party in Peru that was founded as the Peruvian Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Peruano, PSP) in 1928 by a group led by José Carlos Mariátegui until its name change in 1930. In contemporary Peruvian politics, it is often referred to as the Peruvian Communist Party – Unity (Spanish : Partido Comunista Peruano – Unidad; PCP (Unidad)) to distinguish it from similarly named communist parties.

Contents

The PCP is headquartered at Ramón Castilla Square in Lima, and publishes Unidad ("Unity") and Nuestra Bandera ("Our Flag"). The party participates in the annual International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties (IMCWP). [2]

History

The group was originally founded as the Peruvian Socialist Party (PSP) in 1928 by a group of nine socialist sympathisers (known as the "Group of Lima"), which included Marxist philosopher and journalist José Carlos Mariátegui, [3] and formally changed its name in 1930, following Mariátegui's death and his succession by Eudocio Ravines  [ es ] as party leader.

Following a period of outright illegality, the group gradually incorporated itself into the legal political scene during the 1960s, which led to the disappointment with its so-called bureaucratic and collaborationist character, believing that guerrilla warfare was the only path to the establishment of a socialist state. In 1962, a faction split and formed the National Liberation Army (ELN) a year later, which led such a military campaign until its defeat by 1965.

In 1963, the ongoing Sino-Soviet split separated the PCP into two rival factions, one pro-Soviet and the other pro-Chinese. The latter subsequently split from the Peruvian Communist Party in January 1964 and adopted the name "Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag" (PCP-BR). [4] The party was originally led by Saturnino Paredes, José Sotomayor, and Abimael Guzmán. [5] [6] Due to internal disagreements among the party's three leaders, the party expelled several of its members in its early history. Two parties subsequently emerged from a 1969 split in the party: the Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland (PCP-PR) and the Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path (PCP-SL) [d] led by Guzmán. Afterwards, Paredes became the party's sole leader and renamed the party "Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)". In response to the Sino-Albanian split, the party dropped its commitment to Maoism and aligned itself with the Party of Labour of Albania and Hoxhaism. In 1978, the "PCP-Mayoría" faction split from the PCP to form a more pro-Soviet branch, as it considered that the PCP had adopted Eurocommunism instead, operating until the 1980s.

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the PCP and other communist parties in Peru have since participated at a much smaller level in the country's politics, mainly through broad left-wing political alliances. In the 2011 general election, the party took part in the successful Peru Wins alliance of Ollanta Humala.

Leadership

Jorge del Prado was the party's general secretary from 1966 to 1991. The PCP is currently led by Roberto de La Cruz Huamán.

№SecretaryMandate
StartEnd
1 José Carlos Mariátegui 19301930
2 Eudocio Ravines  [ es ]19301937
3Julio Portocarrero19371940
4 Hugo Pesce 19401946
5 Jorge del Prado Chávez 19461948
6Jorge Acosta Salas19481962
7Raúl Acosta Salas19621963
8 Jorge del Prado Chávez 19631991
9Renan Raffo Muñoz19912008
10Roberto de la Cruz Huamán20082017
11Flor de María Gonzales Uriola20172018
12Luis Villanueva Carbajal20182024
13Domingo Cabrera Toro2024Incumbent

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ From 1928 to 1930: Partido Socialista Peruano
  2. ↑ From 1928 to 1930: PSP
  3. ↑ Peruvian Communist Youth (Spanish: Juventud Comunista Peruana)
  4. ↑ Self-proclaimed as the "Communist Party of Peru" (PCP), but otherwise known as the "Shining Path" (SL).

References

  1. ↑ "Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists". World Anti-Imperialist Platform. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  2. ↑ "Communist and Workers' Parties". SolidNet. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
  3. ↑ García Yrigoyen, Franklin Pease (2000). "Leguía y la "Patria Nueva" (1919-1930)". Gran Historia del Perú (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Lima: Empresa Editora El Comercio S.A. pp. 207–214.
  4. ↑ Fumerton 2003, p. 37.
  5. ↑ Alexander 1999, p. 156.
  6. ↑ Mauceri 1996, p. 120.

Sources

  • Alexander, Robert J. (1999). International Maoism in the Developing World. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. ISBN   0275961494.
  • Delury, George E. (1983). World Encyclopedia of Political Systems & Parties: Nepal-Zimbabwe, and smaller countries and microstates. New York, N.Y.: Facts on File. ISBN   0871967804.
  • Fumerton, Mario (2003). From Victims to Heroes: Peasant Counter-rebellion and Civil War in Ayacucho, Peru, 1980–2000. Amsterdam: Rozenberg. ISBN   9051706588.
  • Mauceri, Philip (1996). State Under Siege: Development And Policy Making In Peru. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press. ISBN   0813336074.
  • Nohlen, Dieter (2005). Elections in the Americas: A data handbook. Vol. 2. New York. ISBN   978-0-19-928358-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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