Pinguiophyceae

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Pinguiophyceae
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked): SAR
(unranked): Halvaria
Superphylum: Heterokonta
Division: Ochrophyta
Class:Pinguiophyceae
Kawachi et al., 2002
Order
  • Pinguiochrysidales
Synonyms

Pinguiophycidae Kawachi et al. 2002 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 2006

Pinguiophyceae is a class of marine Heterokontophyta. [1] It includes five species of unicellular organisms with high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cytoplasm. [1] The other common features are the lack of cell wall and the tendency for flagella loss even on the stage of zoospore, which is unusual for heterokonts. [1] One species (Polypodochrysis teissieri) inhabits benthic substates (sometimes found the mucilage of other algae) and is able to produce lorica with one or more tubular necks. [2] The other species live in the plankton. [1]

Heterokont phylum of eukaryotes

The heterokonts or stramenopiles are a major line of eukaryotes currently containing more than 25,000 known species. Most are algae, ranging from the giant multicellular kelp to the unicellular diatoms, which are a primary component of plankton. Other notable members of the Stramenopiles include the (generally) parasitic oomycetes, including Phytophthora of Irish potato famine infamy and Pythium which causes seed rot and damping off.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are fatty acids that contain more than one double bond in their backbone. This class includes many important compounds, such as essential fatty acids and those that give drying oils their characteristic property.

Cytoplasm all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures

In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the material within a cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. The main components of the cytoplasm are cytosol – a gel-like substance, the organelles – the cell's internal sub-structures, and various cytoplasmic inclusions. The cytoplasm is about 80% water and usually colorless.

Species

Glossomastix is a genus of heterokont.

Pinguiococcus is a genus of heterokonts.

Related Research Articles

Hatena arenicola is a species of single-celled eukaryotes discovered in 2000, and first reported in 2005, It was discovered by Japanese biologists Noriko Okamoto and Isao Inouye at the University of Tsukuba, and they gave the scientific description and formal name in 2006. The species is a flagellate, and can resemble a plant at one stage of its life, in which it carries a photosynthesizing alga inside itself, or an animal, acting as predator in another stage of its life. Researchers believe that this organism is in the process of secondary endosymbiosis, in which one organism is incorporated into another, resulting in a completely new life form.

Photosynthetic picoplankton

Photosynthetic picoplankton or picophytoplankton is the fraction of the phytoplankton performing photosynthesis composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 µm (picoplankton). It is especially important in the central oligotrophic regions of the world oceans that have very low concentration of nutrients.

In botany, a zoid or zoïd is a reproductive cell that possesses one or more flagella, and is capable of independent movement. Zoid can refer to either an asexually reproductive spore or a sexually reproductive gamete. In sexually reproductive gametes, zoids can be either male or female depending on the species. For example, some brown alga (Phaeophyceae) reproduce by producing multi-flagellated male and female gametes that recombine to form the diploid sporangia. Zoids are primarily found in some protists, diatoms, green alga, brown alga, non-vascular plants, and a few vascular plants. The most common classification group that produces zoids is the heterokonts or stramenopiles. These include green alga, brown alga, oomycetes, and some protists. The term is generally not used to describe motile, flagellated sperm found in animals. Zoid is also commonly confused for zooid which is a single organism that is part of a colonial animal.

Crustomastix is a genus of green algae in the class Mamiellophyceae.

The katablepharids, a group of heterotrophic flagellates, have been considered as part of the Cryptophyta since katablepharids were described in 1939. Although they differ from other cryptophytes and have even been proposed to be alveolates, early 21st century research suggests they are related to cryptophytes.

Raphidonema is a genus of filamentous green alga comprising five species. It is a member of the Trebouxiophyceae.

Croceitalea is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidetes (Bacteria).

Pseudochattonella is a genus of marine, heterokont flagellates belonging to the class of Dictyochophyceae. It currently comprises two species: Pseudochattonella verruculosa and Pseudochattonella farcimen

Schizochytrium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes in the family Thraustochytriaceae, which are found in coastal marine habitats. They are assigned to the Stramenopiles (heterokonts), a group which also contains kelp and various microalgae.

Roseivirga is a strictly aerobic genus from the family of Flammeovirgaceae.

Phaeodactylibacter xiamenensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Rubidimonas which has been isolated from the alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum from Xiamen in China.

Catenovulum is a bacteria genus from the family of Alteromonadaceae.

Pseudohoeflea is a genus of bacteria from the family of Phyllobacteriaceae with one known species.

Roseitalea is a genus of bacteria from the family of Phyllobacteriaceae with one known species.

Paraliobacillus ryukyuensis is a Gram-positive, extremely halotolerant, alkaliphilic, endospore-forming, slightly halophilic and facultatively anaerobic bacterium from the genus of Paraliobacillus which has been isolated from a decomposing marine alga from Okinawa in Japan.

Ornithinimicrobium algicola is a Gram-positive and non-spore-forming bacterium species from the genus of Ornithinimicrobium which has been isolated from the green Ulva.

Aquicoccus is a Gram-negative and aerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with one known species. Aquicoccus porphyridii has been isolated from the alga Porphyridium marinum from Korea.

Epibacterium ulvae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Epibacterium. It has been isolated from the alga Ulva australis from Clovelly in Australia.

Lois Ann Pfiester (1936–1992) was an American phycologist and protistologist, specializing in freshwater dinoflagellate species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Kawachi, M., Inouye, I., Honda, D., O'Kelly, Ch. J., Bailey, J. C., Bidigare, R. R., Andersen, R. A. (2002). The Pinguiophyceae classis nova, a new class of photosynthetic stramenopiles whose members produce large amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. Phycological Research50 (1): 31–47. Abstract
  2. 1 2 Kawachi, M., Noël, M. H., Andersen, R. A. (2002). Re-examination of the marine ‘chrysophyte’ Polypodochrysis teissieri (Pinguiophyceae). Phycological Research50 (1): 91-100. Abstract
  3. O’Kelly, C. J. (2002). Glossomastix chrysoplasta n. gen., n. sp. (Pinguiophyceae), a new coccoidal, colony-forming golden alga from southern Australia. Phycological Research50 (1): 67-74. Abstract
  4. Honda, D., Inouye, I. (2002). Ultrastructure and taxonomy of a marine photosynthetic stramenopile Phaeomonas parva gen. et sp. nov. (Pinguiophyceae) with emphasis on the flagellar apparatus architecture. Phycological Research50 (1): 75-89. Abstract
  5. Andersen, R. A., Potter, D., Bailey, J. C. (2002). Pinguiococcus pyrenoidosus gen. et sp. nov. (Pinguiophyceae), a new marine coccoid alga. Phycological Research50 (1): 57-65. Abstract
  6. Kawachi, M., Atsumi, M., Ikemoto, H., Miyachi, S. (2002). Pinguiochrysis pyriformis gen. et sp. nov. (Pinguiophyceae), a new picoplanktonic alga isolated from the Pacific Ocean. Phycological Research50 (1): 49-56. Abstract