This article provides formation lists of the Polish People's Army order of battle at various points in history between 1943 and 1989.
Following is the order of battle on 1 May 1945. [1] This only refers to the entire Polish People's Army's ground forces. The PPA would be later expanded with the addition of the air and naval arms only after the war.
1945 Order of Battle
Supreme Command of the Polish Armed Forces
- Supreme Command Reserves
- 11th Infantry Division
- 12th Infantry Division
- 13th Infantry Division
- 14th Infantry Division
- 1st Tank Corps (attached to 2nd Army)
- 7th Heavy Tank Regiment
- 10th Heavy Artillery Brigade
- 46th, 49th, and 51st Rocket Artillery Regiments
- 11th Antitank Artillery Brigade
- 52nd Antitank Artillery Regiment
- 4th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division
- 32nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment
- 2nd and 5th Sapper Brigades
- 3rd Engineer Bridging Brigade
- 1st Army (subordinated to Soviet 1st Belorussian Front)
- 1st Infantry Division
- 2nd Infantry Division
- 3rd Infantry Division
- 4th Infantry Division
- 6th Infantry Division
- 1st Armored Brigade
- 1st Cavalry Brigade
- 4th Heavy Armored Regiment
- Headquarters, 5th Artillery Division
- 1st and 3rd Army Artillery Brigades
- 2nd Howitzer Artillery Brigade
- 5th Heavy Artillery Brigade
- 4th Antitank Artillery Brigade
- 13th Antitank Artillery Regiment
- 1st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division
- 1st Sapper Brigade
- 2nd Army (subordinated to Soviet 1st Ukrainian Front)
- 5th Infantry Division
- 7th Infantry Division
- 8th Infantry Division
- 9th Infantry Division
- 10th Infantry Division
- 16th Armored Brigade
- 5th Heavy Tank Regiment
- Headquarters, 2nd Artillery Division
- 6th Light Artillery Brigade
- 7th Howitzer Artillery Brigade
- 8th Heavy Artillery Brigade
- 9th and 14th Antitank Artillery Brigades
- 28th Antitank Artillery Regiment
- 3rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division
- 3rd Mortar Regiment
- 4th Sapper Brigade
Following is the order of battle in 1985, shortly before the fall of communism in Poland.
Ministry of National Defence (Poland) and GHQ, Armed Forces of the People's Republic of Poland
Organisation of the Polish People's Army in 1985 [2]
Polish Air Defense Force, 1985 [3]
Air Defense Force Headquarters - Warsaw
- 1st Air Defense Corps - Warsaw
- 1st Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Mińsk Mazowiecki
- 10th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Łask
- 3rd Air Defense Surface-to-Air Missile Brigade - Warsaw
- 1st Air Defense Radiotechnical Brigade - Warsaw
- 2nd Air Defense Corps - Bydgoszcz
- 26th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Zegrze Pomorskie
- 28th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Słupsk
- 34th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Babie Doły
- 4th Air Defense Surface-to-Air Missile Brigade - Gdynia
- 26th Air Defense Surface-to-Air Missile Brigade - Gryfice
- 2nd Air Defense Radiotechnical Brigade - Bydgoszcz
- 3rd Air Defense Corps - Wrocław
- 11th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Wrocław
- 39th Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Mierzęcice
- 62nd Air Defense Fighter Regiment - Poznań-Krzesiny
- 1st Air Defense Surface-to-Air Missile Brigade - Bytom
- 79th Air Defense Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment - Poznań
- 3rd Air Defense Radiotechnical Brigade - Wrocław
The following organizations formed the wartime auxiliary to the Armed Forces in times of war.
The Italian Army is the land force branch of the Italian Armed Forces. The army's history dates back to the Italian unification in the 1850s and 1860s. The army fought in colonial engagements in China, Libya, Northern Italy against the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War I, Abyssinia before World War II and in World War II in Albania, Balkans, North Africa, the Soviet Union, and Italy itself. During the Cold War, the army prepared itself to defend against a Warsaw Pact invasion from the east. Since the end of the Cold War, the army has seen extensive peacekeeping service and combat in Afghanistan and Iraq. Its best-known combat vehicles are the Dardo infantry fighting vehicle, the Centauro tank destroyer and the Ariete tank and among its aircraft the Mangusta attack helicopter, recently deployed in UN missions. The headquarters of the Army General Staff are located in Rome opposite the Quirinal Palace, where the president of Italy resides. The army is an all-volunteer force of active-duty personnel.
The Hungarian Ground Forces is the land branch of the Hungarian Defence Forces, responsible for ground activities and troops, including artillery, tanks, APCs, IFVs, and ground support. The ground forces have a history of serving in Iraq and are currently involved in the KFOR operation.
The Bulgarian Land Forces are the ground warfare branch of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. It is administered by the Ministry of Defence, previously known as the Ministry of War during the Kingdom of Bulgaria. The Land Forces were established in 1878, when they were composed of anti-Ottoman militia (opalchentsi) and were the only branch of the Bulgarian military.
The Alpine Brigade "Taurinense" is a light Infantry brigade of the Italian Army, specializing in Mountain Combat. Its core units are Alpini, the mountain infantry corps of the Italian Army, that distinguished itself in combat during World War I and World War II. The brigade's name "Taurinense" alludes to the Roman name Augusta Taurinorum for the city of Turin around which the brigade is based. Accordingly the brigade's coat of arms is modeled after Turin's coat of arms. The brigade carries on the name and traditions of the 1st Alpine Division "Taurinense".
The Balkan Front was a military formation of the Bulgarian People's Army, intended for wartime use under the general direction of the Soviet General Staff. If a war was to have broken out between NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the bulk of the Bulgarian army would have been assigned to it.
Mechanized Infantry Forces of Ukraine are the general basis and primary combat formations of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. They execute tasks of holding the occupied areas, lines and positions tasks of enemy's impacts repelling, of penetrating the enemy's defense lines, defeating the enemy forces, capturing the important areas, lines and objectives, and can operate in structure of marine and landing troops.
On March 1, 1984 the Italian Institute for Disarmament, Development and Peace (Istituto di ricerche per il disarmo, lo sviluppo e la pace in Rome published the entire Italian Army order of battle down to company level – this was justified by the radical party as one of its core demands was total disarmament of Europe, even though the data which was published was top secret. The Radical Party dissolved in 1989 and the IRDISP followed suit in 1990. But Radio Radicale has survived, and the OrBat can still be found today on the homepage of the radio.
The Airmobile Brigade "Friuli" is an airmobile brigade of the Italian Army, based mainly in the Emilia-Romagna region. The brigade was part of the 1st Defence Forces Command until it was transferred to the Division "Friuli". The brigade's coat of arms depicts a stylized version of the Rocca di Monfalcone castle near the city of Monfalcone in the Friuli region, where the brigade distinguished itself during World War I. Since 1 July 2019 the brigade is part of the Division "Vittorio Veneto".
The 12th Guards Uman Orders of Lenin Red Banner and Suvorov Tank Division was a tank division of the Soviet Ground Forces. It drew its history from the World War II 16th Tank Corps. It was redesignated successively as 12th Guards Tank Corps (1943) and 12th Guards Tank Division (1946).
The 11th "Lubuska" Armoured Cavalry Division is an armoured division of the Polish Land Forces, which traces its history to the formation of the 11th Infantry Division of the Polish Armed Forces in the East in 1945.
After World War II the Italian Army had two units named "Centauro": from 1952 to 1986 the Armored Division "Centauro" and from 1986 to 2002 the Armored Brigade "Centauro". Both units were successor to the World War II era 131st Armored Division "Centauro". The units' name came from the mythological race of half human-half horse creatures named Centaurs.
The 132nd Armored Brigade "Ariete" is currently the only active armored brigade of the Italian Army. Its core units are tank and Bersaglieri regiments. The brigade's headquarters is in the city of Pordenone and most of its units are based in the North-East of Italy. The brigade's name comes from the battering ram. The brigade draws much of its historical traditions from the 132nd Armored Division "Ariete", which fought in the Western Desert Campaign of World War II. In 1948 the Ariete was reconstituted as division and remained active until 1986. Today the brigade is part of the Division "Vittorio Veneto".
The full structure of the Polish Land Forces is:
The following is a hierarchical outline of the Czechoslovak People's Army at the end of the Cold War. It is intended to convey the connections and relationships between units and formations. At the end of the Cold War in 1989 the Czechoslovak People's Army structure was as follows.
The following is a hierarchical outline for the Bulgarian People's Army at the end of the Cold War. It is intended to convey the connections and relationships between units and formations. At the end of the Cold War in 1989, the Bulgarian People's Army (BPA) reported to the Ministry of People's Defence (Bulgaria). The BPA included the Bulgarian Land Forces; the Air and Air Defence Forces; Navy; and Construction Troops.
The Armed Forces General Command is a joint command of the Polish Armed Forces, responsible for the combat training and readiness, supply, personnel and technical complement of military units of the armed forces during peace and crisis. It holds administrative command of the units, which are transferred under the operational control of the Armed Forces Operational Command. The current General Commander is Lt Gen Wiesław Kukuła (pl). It is subordinated to the Chief of the General Staff.
The 1st Army was a field army of the Czechoslovak People's Army, active in 1958–1965 and 1969–1991. In its second formation its headquarters was in Příbram.
The 4th Army was a field army of the Czechoslovak People's Army, active from 1958 to 1965 and 1969–1991. In its second formation its headquarters was in Písek.
The 1st Tank Division was a Division sized unit of the Red Army that existed from 1940–42. It was later reformed, from a separate formation, with a different lineage. Within the Soviet Ground Forces it existed as a second line ready division from 1945–2008, at Kaliningrad in the Baltic Military District.
The Warsaw Military District was one of three military districts in Poland, the other two being the Pomeranian Military District and the Silesian Military District. It was the regional executive body of the Ministry of National Defense of Poland in the capital of Warsaw in operational and defense matters and military administration existing from 1945 to 1998.