Provinces of Iran by population in 2021Provinces of Iran by population density in 2013Map of the Iranian provinces by Human Development Index in 2017. Legend:
0.800 – 1.000 (Very high)
0.700 – 0.799 (High)
0.600 – 0.699 (Medium)
Provinces of Iran by contribution to national GDP in 2014Provinces of Iran by GDP per capita in 2012
Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces (Persian: استانostân), each governed from a local centre, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital (Persian: مرکز, markaz) of that province. The provincial authority is headed by a governor-general (Persian: استاندارostândâr), who is appointed by the Minister of the Interior subject to approval of the cabinet.[1]
Map of Administrative Subdivisions of Iran in 1911, Tehran, Eyalats, and Velayats
Iran has held its modern territory since the Treaty of Paris in 1857. Prior to 1937, Iran had maintained its feudal administrative divisional structure, dating back to the time the modern state was centralized by the Safavid dynasty in the 16th century. Although the boundaries, roles, and rulers changed often. On the eve of Persian Constitutional Revolution in 1905, Iran was composed of Tehran, being directly ruled by the Monarch, 4 "Eyalats", ruled by Qajar princes, and various "Velayats". Nomadic tribal confederations, such as Bakhtiari people and Qashqai people were largely independent of the domestic administrative divisions and were autonomous.
With the Constitutional revolution, and the formation of the first National Consultative Assembly, Iran's administrative subdivisions were legally defined in 1907.[2] Any change in the boundaries of Eyalats, Velayats, or their respective sub-districts was banned as per the Iranian constitution, except with the passage of a new law by the assembly. As per the 1907 law, the following were defined:[2]
ماده 1 - مملكت محروسه ايران براي تسهيل امور سياسي بايالات و ولايات منقسم ميشود.
ماده 2 - ايالت قسمتي از مملكت است كه داراي حكومت مركزي و ولايات حاكم‌نشين جزء است و فعلاً منحصر به چهار ايالت است (آذربايجان)(كرمان و بلوچستان) (فارس) (خراسان)
ماده 3 - ولايات قسمتي از مملكت است كه داراي يك شهر حاكم‌نشين و توابع باشد اعم از اينكه حكومت آن تابع پايتخت يا تابع مركز ايالتي باشد.
Article 1 - Guarded Domain of Iran, for the facilitation of political affairs, will be subdivided into Eyalats and Velayats
Article 2 - Eyalat is a part of the kingdom which includes a central government and subordinate governor-ruled Velayats and at the moment there only are four Eyalat: Azerbaijan, Kerman and Baluchistan, Fars, Khurasan.
Article 3 - Velayat is a part of the kingdom which includes a governor-residence city and subordinate areas, whether its governance is subordinate to the capital [Tehran], or to the capital of an Eyalat.
On October 22, 1911, Iranian National Consultative Assembly passed another law, titled "The law of Election of National Consultative Assembly" (Persian: قانون انتخابات مجلس شوراي ملي). This law presented a complete list of all Eyalats and Velayats of the country, as well as their constituent districts and cities. This list presented the grouping of various towns and districts into Electoral districts for the purpose of the election. According to this law, in 1911, Iran was made up of 27 administrative subdivisions, the region of Tehran, 4 Eyalats, and 22 Velayats.[3] Below is a list:
In 1937, Iran was reorganized to form ten numbered provinces with subordinate governorates: Gilan; Mazandaran; East Azerbaijan; West Azerbaijan; Kermanshah; Khuzestan; Fars; Kerman; Khorasan; Isfahan.[4]
Iran has had a historical claim to Bahrain as its 14th province: Bahrain Province, until 1971 under British colonial occupation. Prior to 1957, Bahrain was placed under Fars Province.[5] During Safavid Iran, Bahrain was subordinate to Bushehr governorship and Zubarah (located in modern-day country of Qatar) was its capital city. In 1737, under Afsharid dynasty Bahrain was made subject to Fars governorship.[6] This claim was reasserted by the new theocratic Iranian leadership after 1979 with the famous 1981 coup attempt that occurred.[7]
From 1960 to 1981, the governorates were raised to provincial status one by one. Since then several new provinces have been created, most recently in 2010 when the new Alborz Province was split from Tehran Province, and before that in 2004 when the province of Khorasan was divided into three provinces.[8]
On 31 May 1997, the counties of Aliabad, Gonbad-e Kavus, Gorgan, Kordkuy, Minudasht, and Torkaman were separated from Mazandaran province to form Golestan province. Gorgan was known as Esteraba or Astarabad until 1937.[4]
Originally part of Kerman province.[4] Until 1977, the province was known as Banader va Jazayer-e Bahr-e Oman (Ports and Islands of the Sea of Oman).[4]
Originally part of Isfahan province.[12] In 1986, part of Kerman province was transferred to Yazd province. In 2002, Tabas County (area: 55,344km2) was transferred from Khorasan province to Yazd province.[4]
↑ Ebrahimi, Mansoureh; Rad Goudarzi, Masoumeh; Yusoff, Kamaruzaman (2018), The Dynamics of Iranian Borders: Issues of Contention, Springer, p.106, ISBN9783319898360
↑ Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (2013). Security and Territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A Maritime Political Geography. Routledge. p.139. ISBN978-0700710980.
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It lies in the southwestern part of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers. Its capital is Shahr-e Kord. At the 2006 census, the province's population was 843,784 in 194,171 households. The following census in 2011 counted 895,263 people in 234,416 households. At the 2016 census, the province's population was 947,763 in 270,434 households.
Old Azeri is the extinct Iranian language that was once spoken in the northwestern Iranian historic region of Azerbaijan before the Turkification of the region. Some linguists believe the southern Tati varieties of Iranian Azerbaijan around Takestan such as the Harzandi and Karingani dialects to be remnants of Old Azeri. In addition, Old Azeri is known to have strong affinities with Talysh.
Nasser Pourpirar was a famous Iranian writer and historical revisionist. He was known for his controversial theories questioning the academically recognized historiography of Iran from Achaemenids to the beginning of the Safavid period.
The first level of country subdivisions of Iran are the provinces . Each province is further subdivided into counties called shahrestan, and each county is subdivided into districts called bakhsh. There are usually a few cities and rural districts called dehestan in each district. Rural districts are a collection of a number of villages. One of the cities of the county is appointed as the capital of the county.
The Persian Constitutional Revolution, also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911. The revolution led to the establishment of a parliament in Persia (Iran) during the Qajar dynasty.
The 2009–10 Hazfi Cup was the 23rd season of the Iranian football knockout competition. Zob Ahan Isfahan was the defending champion.
The 2010–11 Hazfi Cup was the 24th season of the Iranian football knockout competition. Persepolis was the defending champion.
The 2011–12 Hazfi Cup was the 25th season of the Iranian football knockout competition. Persepolis were the defending champion but were eliminated by Esteghlal in the quarter-finals; The fourth consecutive wins for Esteghlal against Persepolis in official matches. The competition began on September 12, 2011 and was end on March 15, 2012. Esteghlal beat Shahin Bushehr 4–1 on penalties and was qualified for the group stage of the 2013 AFC Champions League.
Chahar Hadd is a village in Duzaj Rural District, Kharqan District, Zarandieh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 193, in 48 families.
شریف آباد در حدود 3 کیلومتری کشکوئیه و 45 کیلومتری شهرستان رفسنجان قرار گرفته است
The 2013–14 Hazfi Cup was the 27th season of the Iranian football knockout competition. Sepahan was the defending champion, but was eliminated by Sanat Naft in Round of 32. The competition started on 4 September 2013 and ended on 14 February 2014. Tractor won the title with defeating Mes Kerman in the final.
Karmozd is a village in Valupey Rural District, in the Central District of Savadkuh County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 352, in 86 families.
Saeed Vasei is an Iranian professional footballer who last played as a midfielder for Foolad in the Persian Gulf pro league.
Ali Osat Hashemi is an Iranian reformist politician. He was born 1958 in Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. He was the Deputy Minister of Iran's Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare and the head of the Iran Technical and Vocational Training Organization, from 2019 to 2021.
The history of the parliament in Iran refers to the history of this legislative body in Iran, which has gone through various stages. This legislative body has been changing and expanding from a 25-member House of Expediency to the present day, which operates under the name of the Islamic Consultative Assembly with 290 members.
In the total 11 terms of the Parliament of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 78 women have won 111 seats in various terms. Some of these women were subsequently disqualified by the Guardian Council, some failed to win the necessary votes to re-enter parliament, some were imprisoned or left Iran, and others are still seeking re-election to the parliament. There are 16 women from 13 constituencies in the current term of the parliament of Iran.
Pursuant to Article 56 of the Law on Internal Regulations of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the Cultural Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly is formed to perform its assigned duties in the fields of culture and art, guidance and propaganda, radio and television and mass communication, physical education and youth, women and family in accordance with the provisions of the regulation.
Pursuant to Article 58 of the Law on Internal Regulations of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the Agriculture, Water, Natural Resources and Environment Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly is formed to perform its assigned duties in the fields of agriculture, water resources, livestock and poultry, fisheries, the environment and meteorology in accordance with the provisions of the regulation.
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