Provinces of Thailand

Provinces of Thailand; จังหวัดของประเทศไทย; Changwat khong prathet thai
Category	Subordinate province
Location	Kingdom of Thailand
Number	76 Provinces; 1 Special Administrative Division
Populations	193,305 Samut Songkhram – 2,646,401 Nakhon Ratchasima (2020) [1]
Areas	417 km2 (161 sq mi) Samut Songkhram – 20,494 km2 (7,913 sq mi) Nakhon Ratchasima [2]
Government	Provincal/Special Administrative Divisional government
Subdivisions	Districts

Last updated October 17, 2020

The Provinces of Thailand are part of the government of Thailand that is divided into 76 provinces (Thai : จังหวัด , RTGS: changwat, pronounced [t͡ɕāŋ.wàt] ) proper and one special administrative area (Thai : เขตปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นรูปแบบพิเศษ ), representing the capital Bangkok.^[3]^[4]^[5] They are the primary local government units and are divided into amphoes (districts) and also act as juristic persons. Each province is led by a governor (ผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด phu wa ratchakan changwat), who is appointed by the central government.

The provinces and Administrative Areas

A clickable map of Thailand exhibiting its provinces.

Name	Name (in Thai)	Population (2020)^[1]	Area (km²)^[2]	Population density	Namesake town/city	HS ^[6]	ISO ^[7]	FIPS
Bangkok (special administrative area)	กรุงเทพมหานคร	5,787,932	1,565	3,620.6	Bangkok	BKK	TH-10	TH40
Amnat Charoen	อำนาจเจริญ	378,438	3,161	119.7	Amnat Charoen	ACR	TH-37	TH77
Ang Thong	อ่างทอง	279,654	968	288.9	Ang Thong	ATG	TH-15	TH35
Bueng Kan	บึงกาฬ	424,091	4,306	98.5	Bueng Kan	BKN	TH-38	TH81
Buriram	บุรีรัมย์	1,595,747	10,322	154.6	Buriram	BRM	TH-31	TH28
Chachoengsao	ฉะเชิงเทรา	720,113	5,351	134.6	Chachoengsao	CCO	TH-24	TH44
Chai Nat	ชัยนาท	326,611	2,470	132.2	Chai Nat	CNT	TH-18	TH32
Chaiyaphum	ชัยภูมิ	1,137,357	12,778	89.0	Chaiyaphum	CPM	TH-36	TH26
Chanthaburi	จันทบุรี	537,698	6,338	84.8	Chanthaburi	CTI	TH-22	TH48
Chiang Mai	เชียงใหม่	1,779,254	20,107	88.5	Chiang Mai	CMI	TH-50	TH02
Chiang Rai	เชียงราย	1,298,304	11,678	111.2	Chiang Rai	CRI	TH-57	TH03
Chonburi	ชลบุรี	1,558,301	4,363	357.2	Chonburi	CBI	TH-20	TH46
Chumphon	ชุมพร	511,304	6,009	85.1	Chumphon	CPN	TH-86	TH58
Kalasin	กาฬสินธุ์	983,418	6,947	141.6	Kalasin	KSN	TH-46	TH23
Kamphaeng Phet	กำแพงเพชร	727,807	8,607	84.6	Kamphaeng Phet	KPT	TH-62	TH11
Kanchanaburi	กาญจนบุรี	895,525	19,483	46.0	Kanchanaburi	KRI	TH-71	TH50
Khon Kaen	ขอนแก่น	1,802,872	10,886	165.6	Khon Kaen	KKN	TH-40	TH22
Krabi	กระบี่	476,739	4,709	101.2	Krabi	KBI	TH-81	TH63
Lampang	ลำปาง	738,316	12,534	58.9	Lampang	LPG	TH-52	TH06
Lamphun	ลำพูน	405,075	4,506	89.9	Lamphun	LPN	TH-51	TH05
Loei	เลย	642,950	11,425	56.3	Loei	LEI	TH-42	TH18
Lopburi	ลพบุรี	755,556	6,200	121.9	Lopburi	LRI	TH-16	TH34
Mae Hong Son	แม่ฮ่องสอน	284,138	12,681	22.4	Mae Hong Son	MSN	TH-58	TH01
Maha Sarakham	มหาสารคาม	962,665	5,292	181.9	Maha Sarakham	MKM	TH-44	TH24
Mukdahan	มุกดาหาร	353,174	4,340	81.4	Mukdahan	MDH	TH-49	TH78
Nakhon Nayok	นครนายก	260,751	2,122	122.9	Nakhon Nayok	NYK	TH-26	TH43
Nakhon Pathom	นครปฐม	920,030	2,168	424.4	Nakhon Pathom	NPT	TH-73	TH53
Nakhon Phanom	นครพนม	719,136	5,513	130.4	Nakhon Phanom	NPM	TH-48	TH73
Nakhon Ratchasima	นครราชสีมา	2,646,401	20,494	129.13	Nakhon Ratchasima	NMA	TH-30	TH27
Nakhon Sawan	นครสวรรค์	1,059,887	9,598	110.4	Nakhon Sawan	NSN	TH-60	TH16
Nakhon Si Thammarat	นครศรีธรรมราช	1,561,927	9,943	157.1	Nakhon Si Thammarat	NRT	TH-80	TH64
Nan	น่าน	478,227	11,472	41.7	Nan	NAN	TH-55	TH04
Narathiwat	นราธิวาส	808,020	4,475	180.6	Narathiwat	NWT	TH-96	TH31
Nong Bua Lamphu	หนองบัวลำภู	512,780	3,859	132.9	Nong Bua Lam Phu	NBP	TH-39	TH79
Nong Khai	หนองคาย	522,311	3,027	172.6	Nong Khai	NKI	TH-43	TH17
Nonthaburi	นนทบุรี	1,265,387	622	2,034.4	Nonthaburi	NBI	TH-12	TH38
Pathum Thani	ปทุมธานี	1,163,604	1,526	762.5	Pathum Thani	PTE	TH-13	TH39
Pattani	ปัตตานี	725,104	1,940	373.8	Pattani	PTN	TH-94	TH69
Phang Nga	พังงา	268,788	4,171	64.4	Phang Nga	PNA	TH-82	TH61
Phatthalung	พัทลุง	524,865	3,424	153.3	Phatthalung	PLG	TH-93	TH66
Phayao	พะเยา	472,356	6,335	74.6	Phayao	PYO	TH-56	TH41
Phetchabun	เพชรบูรณ์	992,451	12,668	78.3	Phetchabun	PNB	TH-67	TH14
Phetchaburi	เพชรบุรี	485,191	6,225	77.9	Phetchaburi	PBI	TH-76	TH56
Phichit	พิจิตร	536,311	4,531	118.4	Phichit	PCT	TH-66	TH13
Phitsanulok	พิษณุโลก	865,247	10,816	80.0	Phitsanulok	PLK	TH-65	TH12
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya	พระนครศรีอยุธยา	820,188	2,557	320.8	Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya	AYA	TH-14	TH36
Phrae	แพร่	441,726	6,539	67.6	Phrae	PRE	TH-54	TH07
Phuket	ภูเก็ต	416,582	543	767.2	Phuket	PKT	TH-83	TH62
Prachinburi	ปราจีนบุรี	494,680	4,762	103.9	Prachinburi	PRI	TH-25	TH74
Prachuap Khiri Khan	ประจวบคีรีขันธ์	554,116	6,368	87.0	Prachuap Khiri Khan	PKN	TH-77	TH57
Ranong	ระนอง	193,370	3,298	58.6	Ranong	RNG	TH-85	TH59
Ratchaburi	ราชบุรี	873,101	5,196	168.0	Ratchaburi	RBR	TH-70	TH52
Rayong	ระยอง	734,753	3,552	206.9	Rayong	RYG	TH-21	TH47
Roi Et	ร้อยเอ็ด	1,305,211	8,299	157.3	Roi Et	RET	TH-45	TH25
Sa Kaeo	สระแก้ว	566,303	7,195	78.7	Sa Kaeo	SKW	TH-27	TH80
Sakon Nakhon	สกลนคร	1,153,390	9,606	120.1	Sakon Nakhon	SNK	TH-47	TH20
Samut Prakan	สมุทรปราการ	1,344,875	1,004	1,339.5	Samut Prakan	SPK	TH-11	TH42
Samut Sakhon	สมุทรสาคร	584,703	872	670.5	Samut Sakhon	SKN	TH-74	TH55
Samut Songkhram	สมุทรสงคราม	193,305	417	463.6	Samut Songkhram	SKM	TH-75	TH54
Saraburi	สระบุรี	645,911	3,576	180.6	Saraburi	SRI	TH-19	TH37
Satun	สตูล	323,586	2,479	130.5	Satun	STN	TH-91	TH67
Sing Buri	สิงห์บุรี	208,446	822	253.6	Sing Buri	SBR	TH-17	TH33
Sisaket	ศรีสะเกษ	1,472,859	8,840	166.6	Sisaket	SSK	TH-33	TH30
Songkhla	สงขลา	1,435,968	7,394	194.2	Songkhla	SKA	TH-90	TH68
Sukhothai	สุโขทัย	595,072	6,596	90.2	Sukhothai (Sukhothai Thani)	STI	TH-64	TH09
Suphan Buri	สุพรรณบุรี	846,334	5,358	158.0	Suphan Buri	SPB	TH-72	TH51
Surat Thani	สุราษฎร์ธานี	1,068,010	12,891	82.8	Surat Thani	SNI	TH-84	TH60
Surin	สุรินทร์	1,396,831	8,124	171.9	Surin	SRN	TH-32	TH29
Tak	ตาก	665,620	16,407	40.6	Tak	TAK	TH-63	TH08
Trang	ตรัง	643,164	4,918	130.8	Trang	TRG	TH-92	TH65
Trat	ตราด	229,958	2,819	81.6	Trat	TRT	TH-23	TH49
Ubon Ratchathani	อุบลราชธานี	1,878,146	15,745	119.3	Ubon Ratchathani	UBN	TH-34	TH75
Udon Thani	อุดรธานี	1,586,646	11,730	135.3	Udon Thani	UDN	TH-41	TH76
Uthai Thani	อุทัยธานี	328,618	6,730	48.8	Uthai Thani	UTI	TH-61	TH15
Uttaradit	อุตรดิตถ์	453,103	7,839	57.8	Uttaradit	UTD	TH-53	TH10
Yala	ยะลา	536,330	4,521	118.6	Yala	YLA	TH-95	TH70
Yasothon	ยโสธร	537,299	4,162	129.1	Yasothon	YST	TH-35	TH72

The total population of Thailand is 66,558,935 on 31 December 2019.^[1]
The total land area of Thailand is 513,114 km².^[2]
HS - Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System.
FIPS-code is on 31 December 2014 replaced with ISO 3166.

Governance

Thailand's national government organisation is divided into three types: central government (ministries, bureaus and departments), provincial government (provinces and districts) and local government (Bangkok, Pattaya, provincial administrative organisations, etc.).

A province, as part of the provincial government, is administered by a governor (ผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด) who is appointed by the Minister of Interior. Bangkok, as part of the local government, is administered by a corporation called Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. The corporation is led by the Governor of Bangkok (ผู้ว่าราชการกรุงเทพมหานคร) who is directly elected by the citizens of Bangkok.

The provinces are named by their original main city, which is not necessarily still the most populous city within the province today. Also, in several provinces the administration has been moved into a new building outside the city.

History

Before 1892

Many provinces date back to semi-independent local chiefdoms or kingdoms, which made up the Ayutthaya Kingdom. The provinces were created around a capital city ( mueang ), and included surrounding villages or satellite towns. The provinces were administered either by a governor, who was appointed by the king or by a local ruling family, who were descendants of the old kings and princes of that area and had been given this privilege by the central king. De facto the king did not have much choice but to choose someone from the local nobility or an economically strong man, as against these local power groups the administration would have become impossible. The governor was not paid by the king, but instead financed himself and his administration by imposing local taxes himself. Every province was required to send an annual tribute to Bangkok.

The provinces were divided into four different classes. The first-class were the border provinces. The second-class were those that once had their own princely house. Third-class were provinces that were created by splitting them from other provinces. Fourth-class were provinces near the capital. Additionally tributary states like the principalities of Lan Na, the Laotian kingdoms of Vientiane and Luang Prabang, Cambodia, or the Malay sultanate Kedah were also part of the country, but with more autonomy than the provinces. In this Mandala system the semi-independent countries sometimes were tributary to more than one country.

New provinces were created when the population of an area outgrew the administration, but also for political reasons. If a governor became too dominant in a region former satellite cities were elevated to provincial status, as was the case with Maha Sarakham Province.

Reforms of the provincial administration started in the 1870s under increased pressure from the colonial states of the United Kingdom and France. Agents were sent, especially to border areas, to impose more control on the provinces or tributary states.

Administrative reform of 1892

At the end of the 19th century King Chulalongkorn reformed the central government. In 1892 the ministry, which previously had many overlapping responsibilities, was reorganized with clear missions as in Western administrations. Prince Damrong Rajanubhab became minister of the Ministry of the North ( Mahatthai ), originally responsible for the northern administration. When the Ministry of the South ( Kalahom ) was dissolved in 1894, Prince Damrong became Minister of the Interior, responsible for the provincial administration of the whole country.

Starting in 1893 the already existing commissionaireships in some parts of the country were renamed "superintendent commissioner" (khaluang Thesaphiban), and their area of responsibility was called a monthon . In strategically important areas the monthon were created first, while in other areas the provinces kept their independence a bit longer. Several smaller provinces were reduced in status to a amphoe (district) or even lower to a tambon (sub-district) and included in a neighboring province, sometimes for administrative reasons, but sometimes to remove an uncooperative governor.

In some regions rebellions broke out against the new administrative system, usually induced by the local nobility fearing their loss of power. The most notable was the Holy Man Rebellion in 1902 in Isan. It was initially a messianic doomsday sect, but it also attacked government representatives in the northeast. The provincial town Khemarat was even burned by the rebels. After a few months the rebellion was beaten back.^[8]

After 1916, the word changwat became common to use for the provinces, partly to distinguish them from the provincial capital city (mueang or amphoe mueang), but also to stress the new administrative structure of the provinces.^[9]

When Prince Damrong resigned in 1915, the whole country was divided into 19 monthon (including the area around Bangkok, which was under the responsibility of another ministry until 1922), with 72 provinces.

In December 1915 King Vajiravudh announced the creation of regions (phak), each administered by a viceroy (upparat), to cover several monthon. Until 1922 four regions were established, however in 1925 they were dissolved again. At the same time several monthon were merged, in an attempt to streamline administration and reduce costs.

Since 1932

The monthons were dissolved when Thailand transformed from an absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy in 1932, making the provinces the top level administrative division again. Several smaller provinces were also abolished at that time. During World War II, several provinces around Bangkok were merged. These changes were undone after the war. Also the occupied area from French Indochina was organized into four provinces: Phra Tabong, Phibunsongkhram, Nakhon Champasak and Lan Chang. The current province of Sukhothai was at first known as Sawankhalok. It was renamed Sukhothai in 1939 (which is why the railway system goes to Sawankhalok city and not Sukhothai city). The province, Kalasin, was reestablished in 1947 after having been dissolved in 1932.

In 1972 Phra Nakhon and Thonburi Provinces were merged to form the special administrative area of Bangkok, which combines the tasks of the provinces with that of a municipality, including having an elected governor.

Starting in the second half of the 20th century some provinces were newly created by splitting them off from bigger provinces. In 1975, Yasothon Province was split off from Ubon Ratchathani. In 1977, Phayao province was created from districts formerly part of Chiang Rai. In 1982, Mukdahan was split off from Nakhon Phanom. In 1993 three provinces were created: Sa Kaeo (split from Prachinburi), Nong Bua Lamphu Province (split from Udon Thani), and Amnat Charoen (split from Ubon Ratchathani). The newest province is Bueng Kan, which was split off from Nong Khai effective 23 March 2011.

Related Research Articles

Nakhon Sawan Province Province of Thailand

Nakhon Sawan is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Kamphaeng Phet, Phichit, Phetchabun, Lopburi, Sing Buri, Chai Nat, Uthai Thani, and Tak.

Phetchabun is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Loei, Khon Kaen, Chaiyaphum, Lopburi, Nakhon Sawan, Phichit, and Phitsanulok.

Ubon Ratchathani, often shortened to Ubon (อุบลฯ), is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces lies in lower northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Ubon is about 630 km (390 mi) from Bangkok. Neighboring Provinces are Sisaket, Yasothon, and Amnat Charoen. To the north and east it borders Salavan and Champasak of Laos, to the south Preah Vihear of Cambodia.

Nan is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in upper northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are : Uttaradit, Phrae, and Phayao. To the north and east it borders Sainyabuli of Laos.

Satun is one of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Trang, Phatthalung, and Songkhla. To the south it borders Perlis of Malaysia.

Uthai Thani, one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Nakhon Sawan, Chai Nat, Suphan Buri, Kanchanaburi and Tak. It lies somewhat off the route between Bangkok, 200 km distant and Chiang Mai.

Sisaket Province, is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat). It lies in lower northeastern Thailand, a region called Isan. Neighboring provinces are : Surin, Roi Et, Yasothon, and Ubon Ratchathani. To the south it borders Oddar Meancheay and Preah Vihear of Cambodia.

Sa Kaeo is one of Thailand's seventy-six province (changwat) lies in eastern Thailand about 200 km from Bangkok. Neighboring provinces are Chanthaburi, Chachoengsao, Prachinburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, and Buriram. To the east it borders Banteay Meanchey and Battambang of Cambodia.

Prachinburi Province is one of Thailand's seventy-seven provinces (changwat), it lies in eastern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Nakhon Ratchasima, Sa Kaeo, Chachoengsao, and Nakhon Nayok.

Suphan Buri is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) of central Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Uthai Thani, Chai Nat, Sing Buri, Ang Thong, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Pathom and Kanchanaburi.

Nonthaburi is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946.

Nakhon Pathom is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Suphan Buri, Ayutthaya, Nonthaburi, Bangkok, Samut Sakhon, Ratchaburi and Kanchanaburi. The capital city of Nakhon Pathom Province is Nakhon Pathom.

Monthon were administrative subdivisions of Thailand at the beginning of the 20th century. The Thai word monthon is a translation of the word mandala, in its sense of a type of political formation. The monthon were created as a part of the Thesaphiban bureaucratic administrative system, introduced by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab which, together with the monthon, established step-by-step today's present provinces (changwat), districts (amphoe), and communes (tambon) throughout Thailand. Each monthon was led by a royal commissioner called Thesaphiban (เทศาภิบาล), later renamed to Samuhathesaphiban (สมุหเทศาภิบาล). The system was officially adopted by the 1897 Local Administration Act, after some monthon had been established and administrative details were sorted out.

Nakhon Nayok is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946.

Pathum Thani is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are : Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao, Bangkok, and Nonthaburi.

Samut Prakan ProvinceSamut Prakan or Samutprakarn is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force 9 May 1946.

Samut Sakhon is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946.

Tambon is a local governmental unit in Thailand. Below district (amphoe) and province (changwat), they form the third administrative subdivision level. As of 2016 there were 7,255 tambons, not including the 180 khwaeng of Bangkok, which are set at the same administrative level, thus every district contains eight to ten tambon. Tambon is usually translated as "township" or "subdistrict" in English — the latter is the recommended translation, though also often used for king amphoe, the designation for a subdistrict acting as a branch of the parent district. Tambon are further subdivided into 69,307 villages (muban), about ten per tambon. Tambon within cities or towns are not subdivided into villages, but may have less formal communities called chumchon (ชุมชน) that may be formed into community associations.

An amphoe is the second level administrative subdivision of Thailand. Usually translated as "district". Amphoe make up the provinces, and are analogous to counties. The chief district officer is Nai Amphoe (นายอำเภอ). Amphoe are divided into tambons,, or sub-districts.

Thailand is a unitary state in Southeast Asia. The administrative services of the executive branch of the government are regulated by the National Government Organisation Act, BE 2534 (1991). Under this Act, the services are divided into three levels: central, provincial and local.

References

1 2 3 รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2563 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2020]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
1 2 3 Thailand Human Development Report 2014 by UNDP Table 0, Basic Data
↑ "Administrative information". Department of Provincial Affairs (DOPA). Provincial Affairs Bureau. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
↑ "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2558" [Announcement of the Central Registry. The number of people throughout the Kingdom. The evidence of registration as of 31 December 2015]. Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA). Retrieved 28 May 2018.
↑ "The World Factbook: Thailand". U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
↑ "What is the Harmonized System (HS)?". World Customs Organization .
↑ "ISO 3166-2:TH".
↑ Tej Bunnag (1969). The Provincial Administration of Siam from 1892 to 1915. p. 273ff.
↑ ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง ทรงพระกรุณาโปรดเกล้า ฯ ให้เปลี่ยนคำว่าเมืองเรียกว่าจังหวัด (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 33 (0 ก): 51–53. 1916-05-28.

External links

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[TDD-1] 1 2 3 รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2563 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2020]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.

[Basic_Data-2] 1 2 3 Thailand Human Development Report 2014 by UNDP Table 0, Basic Data

[DOPA-20170421-3] "Administrative information". Department of Provincial Affairs (DOPA). Provincial Affairs Bureau. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2019.

[4] "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2558" [Announcement of the Central Registry. The number of people throughout the Kingdom. The evidence of registration as of 31 December 2015]. Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA). Retrieved 28 May 2018.

[5] "The World Factbook: Thailand". U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 June 2018.

[6] "What is the Harmonized System (HS)?". World Customs Organization .

[7] "ISO 3166-2:TH".

[8] Tej Bunnag (1969). The Provincial Administration of Siam from 1892 to 1915. p. 273ff.

[9] ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง ทรงพระกรุณาโปรดเกล้า ฯ ให้เปลี่ยนคำว่าเมืองเรียกว่าจังหวัด (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 33 (0 ก): 51–53. 1916-05-28.

v t e Provinces of Thailand
Capital : Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
North	Chiang Mai Chiang Rai Lampang Lamphun Mae Hong Son Nan Phayao Phrae Uttaradit
Northeast	Amnat Charoen Bueng Kan Buriram Chaiyaphum Kalasin Khon Kaen Loei Maha Sarakham Mukdahan Nakhon Phanom Nakhon Ratchasima Nong Bua Lamphu Nong Khai Roi Et Sakon Nakhon Sisaket Surin Ubon Ratchathani Udon Thani Yasothon
West	Kanchanaburi Phetchaburi Prachuap Khiri Khan Ratchaburi Tak
Central	Ang Thong Chai Nat Kamphaeng Phet Lopburi Nakhon Nayok Nakhon Pathom Nakhon Sawan Nonthaburi Pathum Thani Phetchabun Phichit Phitsanulok Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Samut Prakan Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram Saraburi Sing Buri Sukhothai Suphan Buri Uthai Thani
East	Chachoengsao Chanthaburi Chonburi Prachinburi Rayong Sa Kaeo Trat
South	Chumphon Krabi Nakhon Si Thammarat Narathiwat Pattani Phang Nga Phatthalung Phuket Ranong Satun Songkhla Surat Thani Trang Yala

v t e Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries
Sovereign states	Afghanistan Armenia ² Azerbaijan ¹ Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus ² Georgia ¹ India Indonesia ¹ Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan ¹ North Korea province special city South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Oman Pakistan Palestine Philippines Qatar Russia ¹ Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste (East Timor) Turkey ¹ Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen ¹
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia ² Artsakh ² Northern Cyprus ² South Ossetia ²
Table of administrative divisions by country ¹ Spans the conventional boundary between Asia and another continent. ² Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.