Enver Halil Hoxha was an Albanian communist politician. He was First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania from 1941 until his death in 1985. He was also a member of the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania,chairman of the Democratic Front of Albania,and commander-in-chief of the armed forces from 1944 until his death. He was the 22nd Prime Minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954 and at various times was both foreign minister and defence minister of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
Nexhmije Hoxha was an Albanian communist politician. For many years she was the wife of Enver Hoxha,the first leader of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania and the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. Very close to her husband,she attempted to remain politically influential after his death in 1985. She was one of the few spouses of a ruling communist party leader with a high political profile of her own.
Fatos Thanas Nano is an Albanian socialist politician who served as Prime Minister of Albania in 1991,from 1997 to 1998 and from 2002 to 2005. He was the first leader and founder of the Socialist Party of Albania and a member of the Albanian Parliament from 1991 to 1996 and 1997 to 2009. He reformed the Anti-Revisionist Marxist-Leninist ideology of the Labor Party of Albania into social democracy for its successor,the Socialist Party. During his leadership,the Socialist Party,as a result of reforms,joined the Socialist International and Party of European Socialists. Nano was a candidate in the 2007 presidential election but did not win. He again tried in the 2012 presidential election,but he did not even qualify as a candidate,because the leaders of parties in Parliament obstructed their respective MPs to elect him as candidate in the elections.
Adil Çarçani was an Albanian politician who served as the 24th Prime Minister of Albania during the Communist era led by Enver Hoxha. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of Communism.
The Party of Labour of Albania,sometimes referred to as the Albanian Workers' Party (AWP),was the vanguard party of Albania during the communist period (1945–1991) as well as the only legal political party. It was founded on 8 November 1941 as the Communist Party of Albania,but its name was changed in 1948. In 1991,the party was succeeded by the Socialist Party of Albania. For most of its existence,the party was dominated by its First Secretary,Enver Hoxha,who was also the de facto leader of Albania.
The Sino-Albanian split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Socialist Republic of Albania and the People's Republic of China in the period 1972–1978. Both countries had supported each other in the Soviet–Albanian and Sino-Soviet splits,together declaring the necessity of defending Marxism–Leninism against what they regarded as Soviet revisionism within the international communist movement. By the early 1970s,however,Albanian disagreements with certain aspects of Chinese policy deepened as the visit of Nixon to China along with the Chinese announcement of the "Three Worlds Theory" produced strong apprehension in Albania's leadership under Enver Hoxha. Hoxha saw in these events an emerging Chinese alliance with American imperialism and abandonment of proletarian internationalism. In 1978,China broke off its trade relations with Albania,signalling an end to the informal alliance which existed between the two states.
The People's Socialist Republic of Albania was the Marxist-Leninist one party state that existed in Albania from 1976 to 1992. From 1944 to 1946,the state of Albania was known as the Democratic Government of Albania and from 1946 to 1976 it was known as the People's Republic of Albania.
The fall of Communism in Albania,the last such event in Europe outside the USSR,started in earnest in December 1990 with student demonstrations in the capital,Tirana,although protests had begun earlier that year in other cities such as Shkodra and Kavaja. The Central Committee of the communist Party of Labour of Albania allowed political pluralism on 11 December and the largest opposition party,the Democratic Party,was founded the next day. March 1991 elections left the Party of Labour in power,but a general strike and urban opposition led to the formation of a "stability government" that included non-communists. Albania's former communists were routed in elections in March 1992 amid economic collapse and social unrest,with the Democratic Party winning most seats and its party head,Sali Berisha,becoming president.
Beqir Balluku was an Albanian politician,military leader,and Minister of Defense of Albania. Balluku assisted Enver Hoxha in carrying out the 1956 purge within the Labour Party. However,in 1974,Balluku himself,along with a group of other government members was accused by Hoxha of an attempted coup d'état against the Albanian People's Republic. He was executed the next year.
Fadil Paçrami was an Albanian politician,writer and playwright. He served as Chairman of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania from 20 November 1970 to 25 September 1973. He used to be the minister of education and culture,as well as the speaker of the Albanian parliament. In 1975,he was wrongfully accused of anti-communist activity and got a 25-year sentence. He was freed from prison in 1990 by Ramiz Alia,Hoxha's successor.
The Albanian–Soviet split was the gradual deterioration of relations between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the People's Republic of Albania,which occurred in the 1955–1961 period as a result of Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev's rapprochement with Yugoslavia along with his "Secret Speech" and subsequent de-Stalinization,including efforts to extend these policies into Albania as was occurring in other Eastern Bloc states at the time.
Blendi Fevziu is an Albanian journalist,writer and host of the TV talk show Opinion,which first went on air on August 31,1997.
Hoxhaism is a variant of anti-revisionist Marxism–Leninism that developed in the late 1970s due to a split in the anti-revision movement,appearing after the ideological dispute between the Communist Party of China and the Party of Labour of Albania in 1978. The ideology is named after Enver Hoxha,a notable Albanian communist leader,who served as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour.
Hekuran Isai was an Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh).
Prokop Murra was an Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh).
Foto Çami is an Albanian former academic and politician of Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh).
Pirro Kondi is a former Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh). Coming from a family with strong communist background,he became member of the Albanian Parliament and a candidate-member of the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania by the '80.
Xhafer Spahiu was a former Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh). He was the only Kosovar Albanian of the higher ranks of the Communist Albania leadership after 1948.
Mustafa Gjinishi was an Albanian communist from Peqin,central Albania. He was known for having opposed Enver Hoxha and the Italian invasion of Albania.
The 6th Congress of the Party of Labour of Albania was held in Tirana 1–7 November 1971. The party congress coincided with the 30th foundation anniversary of the party.
pronunciation (help·info);18 October 1925 –7 October 2011) was an Albanian politician serving as the second and last leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1985 to 1991,serving as First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. He was also the country's head of state from 1982 to 1992. He had been seen as a successor by Enver Hoxha and took power after Hoxha died.
