Marquess of Salisbury is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1789 for the 7th Earl of Salisbury. Most of the holders of the title have been prominent in British political life over the last two centuries,particularly the 3rd Marquess,who served three times as Prime Minister in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil,3rd Marquess of Salisbury was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times for a total of over thirteen years. He was also Foreign Secretary for much of his tenure,and during his last two years of office he was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. He avoided alignments or alliances,maintaining the policy of "splendid isolation".
The leader of the House of Lords is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom who is responsible for arranging government business in the House of Lords. The post is also the leader of the majority party in the House of Lords who acts as the government party chairperson in the house. The role is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position,usually one of the sinecure offices of Lord President of the Council,Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Unless the Leader is also a departmental minister,being Leader constitutes the bulk of their government responsibilities,but it has never been an independent salaried office. The Office of the Leader of the House of Lords is a ministerial department.
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil,2nd Marquess of Salisbury,,styled Viscount Cranborne until 1823,was a British Conservative politician. He held office under The Earl of Derby as Lord Privy Seal in 1852 and Lord President of the Council between 1858 and 1859. He was the father of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,3rd Marquess of Salisbury,three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom,and grandfather of Arthur Balfour,who also served as Prime Minister.
Robert Michael James Gascoyne-Cecil,7th Marquess of Salisbury,Baron Gascoyne-Cecil,,is a British Conservative politician. From 1979 to 1987 he represented South Dorset in the House of Commons,and in the 1990s he was Leader of the House of Lords under his courtesy title of Viscount Cranborne. Lord Salisbury lives in one of England's largest historic houses,the 17th-century Hatfield House in Hertfordshire,and currently serves as Chancellor of the University of Hertfordshire.
James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil,4th Marquess of Salisbury,,known as Viscount Cranborne from 1868 to 1903,was a British statesman.
The Carlton Club is a private members' club in St James's,London. It was the original home of the Conservative Party before the creation of Conservative Central Office. Membership of the club is by nomination and election only.
Stanley Baldwin of the Conservative Party formed the second Baldwin ministry upon his reappointment as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by King George V after the 1924 general election. His second ministry ended following the so-called "Flapper Election" of May 1929.
Lord Rupert Ernest William Gascoyne-Cecil was Bishop of Exeter from 1916 to 1936. He was the second son of the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. Educated at Eton and Oxford,he was rector of Hatfield for 28 years before being appointed a bishop. Married in 1887,he had three daughters and four sons,three of whom were killed in the First World War. As bishop he was generally liked,but had a reputation for eccentricity.
Mary Alice Cavendish,Duchess of Devonshire,was a British courtier who served as Mistress of the Robes to Queen Elizabeth II from 1953 to 1967. She was the granddaughter of Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,3rd Marquess of Salisbury.
James Cecil,1st Marquess of Salisbury,,styled Viscount Cranborne until 1780 and known as The Earl of Salisbury between 1780 and 1789,was a British nobleman and politician.
Robert Edward Peter Gascoyne-Cecil,6th Marquess of Salisbury,,styled Viscount Cranborne from 1947 to 1972,was a British landowner and Conservative politician.
Winston Churchill formed the third Churchill ministry in the United Kingdom after the 1951 general election. He was reappointed as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by King George VI and oversaw the accession of Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 and her coronation.
William Cecil,2nd Earl of Salisbury,,known as Viscount Cranborne from 1605 to 1612,was an English peer,nobleman,and politician.
Ernest George Pretyman,,known as E. G. Pretyman,was a British soldier and Conservative Party politician.
Lord Richard Valentine Gascoyne-Cecil was a British soldier,Conservative politician and freelance journalist who was killed in Rhodesia whilst covering the country's Bush War. The second son of the 6th Marquess of Salisbury,Cecil was in Rhodesia with a freelance film-maker,Nick Downie,recording material for a television documentary about the war. Carrying a rifle and wearing a Rhodesian Army uniform,he was shot dead at close range by a member of the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army. The Rhodesian government reported that Cecil had been "killed in action";his body was returned to the United Kingdom for burial.
Hugh Richard Heathcote Gascoyne-Cecil,1st Baron Quickswood PC,styled Lord Hugh Cecil until 1941,was a British Conservative Party politician.
Roundell Cecil Palmer,3rd Earl of Selborne,CH,PC,known as "Top Wolmer" and styled Viscount Wolmer from 1895 to 1941,was a British administrator,intelligence officer and Conservative politician.
Lieutenant-Colonel Orlando Bridgeman,5th Earl of Bradford,DL,JP,styled Viscount Newport from 1898 to 1915,was a British peer,Conservative politician and soldier. He was a major landowner,owning up to 20,000 acres (8,100 ha).
Georgina Charlotte Gascoyne-Cecil,Marchioness of Salisbury,was the wife of British Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,3rd Marquess of Salisbury. The eldest daughter of a judge,her lack of wealth and social connections earned the disapproval of the 2nd Marquess of Salisbury;despite this,Alderson married his son Robert in 1857.
