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Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus Citrus is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion ; and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas.
The grapefruit is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large, sour to semi-sweet, somewhat bitter fruit. The interior flesh is segmented and varies in color from pale yellow to dark pink.
A clementine is a tangor, a citrus fruit hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange, named in honor of Clément Rodier, a French missionary who first discovered and propagated the cultivar in Algeria. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance. Clementines can be separated into 7 to 14 segments. Similar to tangerines, they tend to be easy to peel. They are typically juicy and sweet, with less acid than oranges. Their oils, like other citrus fruits, contain mostly limonene as well as myrcene, linalool, α-pinene and many complex aromatics.
The tangelo, Citrus × tangelo, is a citrus fruit hybrid of a Citrus reticulata variety, such as mandarin orange or tangerine, and a Citrus maxima variety, such as a pomelo or grapefruit. The name is a portmanteau of 'tangerine' and 'pomelo'.
The pomelo is the largest citrus fruit from the family Rutaceae and the principal ancestor of the grapefruit. It is a natural, non-hybrid, citrus fruit, native to Southeast Asia. Similar in taste to a sweet grapefruit, the pomelo is commonly consumed and used for festive occasions throughout Southeast Asia. As with the grapefruit, phytochemicals in the pomelo have the potential for drug interactions.
An oroblanco, oro blanco, Pomelit (Israel) or sweetie is a sweet seedless citrus hybrid fruit similar to grapefruit. It is often referred to as oroblanco grapefruit.
A seedless fruit is a fruit developed to possess no mature seeds. Since eating seedless fruits is generally easier and more convenient, they are considered commercially valuable.
An orange is a fruit of various citrus species in the family Rutaceae ; it primarily refers to Citrus × sinensis, which is also called sweet orange, to distinguish it from the related Citrus × aurantium, referred to as bitter orange. The sweet orange reproduces asexually ; varieties of sweet orange arise through mutations.
The citrange is a citrus hybrid of the sweet orange and the trifoliate orange.
The ponderosa lemon is a citrus hybrid of a pomelo and a citron. It is not the same as the 'Yuma Ponderosa' lemon-pomelo hybrid used as citrus rootstock.
The University of California Citrus Experiment Station is the founding unit of the University of California, Riverside campus in Riverside, California, United States. The station contributed greatly to the cultivation of the orange and the overall agriculture industry in California. Established February 14, 1907, the station celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2007.
The UCR Citrus Variety Collection (CVC) is one of the most important collections of citrus diversity in the world. It is used for research, plant breeding, and educational extension activities on the UC Riverside campus in Riverside, California.
The Citrus Industry is a book consisting of five volumes of scientific and experimental information on all the citrus species and varieties, originals as well as hybrids.
James W. Cameron was an emeritus professor of horticultural science, a geneticist and citrus breeder in the University of California Citrus Experiment Station.
The Melogold or Melogold grapefruit is a citrus hybrid similar to the oroblanco; both result from a cross between the pomelo and the grapefruit and is a fruit similar to a sweet grapefruit.
Pixie mandarin, also called Pixie tangerine, is a variety of mandarin that is late ripening and seedless.
Citrus rootstock are plants used as rootstock for citrus plants. A rootstock plant must be compatible for scion grafting, and resistant to common threats, such as drought, frost, and common citrus diseases.
Banpeiyu is a cultivar of pomelo which produces extremely large fruits.
The New Zealand grapefruit, otherwise known as the Poorman, Poorman orange, poorman's orange, poor man's orange, or goldfruit is a type of citrus fruit grown in New Zealand. Despite its name it's not genetically a true grapefruit, but believed to be a hybrid between a pomelo and either a mandarin or tangelo.
References
- ↑ Citrus Genetic Resources in California Analysis and Recommendations for Long-Term Conservation Archived 2014-12-05 at the Wayback Machine page 15
- ↑ [https://senate.universityofcalifornia.edu/in-memoriam/files/robert-soost.html In Memoriam Robert Kenneth Soost]
- ↑ Soost R K, Cameron J W. “Oroblanco'. a triploid pummelo-grapefruit hybrid. Hort Sci. 1980.
- Soost R K, Cameron J W. “Melogold'. a triploid pummelo-grapefruit hybrid. Hort Sci. 1985.
- UCR NewsRoom
- Melogold at CVC
- ↑ The Citrus Industry Volume II Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Passings". Los Angeles Times . March 21, 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2009.
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