Rockland, Massachusetts

Rockland, Massachusetts
Town
Union Street, Rockland
Seal
Location in Plymouth County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°07′50″N70°55′00″W / 42.13056°N 70.91667°W / 42.13056; -70.91667
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
County	Plymouth
Settled	1673
Incorporated	1874
Government
• Type	Open town meeting
Area
• Total	10.1 sq mi (26.2 km2)
• Land	10.0 sq mi (26.0 km2)
• Water	0.1 sq mi (0.2 km2)
Elevation	140 ft (43 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	17,803
• Density	1,780.3/sq mi (684.7/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP Code	02370
Area code	339/781
FIPS code	25-57775
GNIS feature ID	0618351
Website	www.rockland-ma.gov

Rockland is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 17,803 at the 2020 census. ^[1] As of December 31, 2009, there were 11,809 registered voters in the community. ^[2]

History

Rockland was a part of territory given to one Timothy Hatherly in a land grant, later known as the Hatherly Grant, in 1654. ^[3] It was then populated by European settlers as a northeastern region of the neighboring town Abington in 1673. The town separated and incorporated as Rockland on March 9, 1874. It is named for the town's rocky nature, which was better suited for mills and industry than for farming. During King Philip's War, the town was the site of an encampment during his raids on the town of Scituate. ^[4]

Before the Civil War, Rockland was known as a major lumber producer for the shipyards in Hanover and Scituate. The town industry boomed during the 19th century and during the civil war due to its shoe factories, its timber export, and its sawmills but production declined after the Great Depression. ^[3] Rockland experienced new business growth in the decades after World War II with suburban development along the Routes 123 & 139. ^[3]

During the twentieth century, the town was the site of a portion of the landing strips of the South Weymouth Naval Air Station. The airstrip closed in 1996 as a part of the fourth round of closures under the Base Realignment and Closure Act. ^[5]

In recent years, a growing number of artists have moved into the community, attracted by former factory buildings as a place to work and meet. ^[6] These buildings are not designated for artist use as they are just commercial and storage spaces but they are popularly used by creatives. ^[7] Buildings include the E.T. Wright Building and the Sandpaper Factory. ^[8] There was once a third artist community known as the Codman Building, formerly the Emerson Shoe Company, but it was rezoned as residential in 2007 allowing developers to displace 30 to 40 artists in the community and build the luxury apartment building known as the Emerson Shoe Lofts. ^{[9] [10] [11]} The building is the largest wood structure in Rockland and is on the national register of historic places. ^[12]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 10.1 square miles (26 km²), of which 10.0 square miles (26 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km²), or 0.79%, is water. Rockland ranks 307th out of 351 communities in the Commonwealth. Rockland is bordered by Weymouth to the northwest, Hingham to the northeast, Norwell to the northeast, Hanover to the east, Hanson to the south, Whitman to the southwest, and Abington to the west. Rockland is 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Brockton and 22 miles (35 km) south of Boston.^{[ citation needed ]}

Rockland, as its name suggests, is dominated by rocky lands. There are several ponds throughout the town, including Accord Pond at the junction with Hingham and Norwell, and Studleys Pond (known to local residents as Reeds Pond) just south of Rockland Center, can be seen along Market Street. There are several brooks throughout town, one of which is sourced at the Abington-Rockland Reservoir near the northwest corner of town. Beech Hill lies at the south of town, and Wyman Fields lies to the north of it. There are several parks throughout the town, as well as a small town forest just south of the Naval Air Station. ^[13]

A short stretch (2/3 of a mile long) of Massachusetts Route 3 crosses the northeast corner of town, granting access to Route 228, which terminates just south of the highway. Route 123 and Route 139 pass from west to east just south of the center of town, running coextensively for roughly 2/3 of a mile.^{[ citation needed ]}

A spur of the Old Colony rail line formerly ran through the town; that line is now abandoned. The Old Colony Line does, however, pass through neighboring Weymouth, Abington and Whitman, as part of the Kingston-Route 3 line of the MBTA's commuter rail. There are stops in South Weymouth (alongside the Naval Air Station) and Abington (just south of Route 123), not far from the town line. There is no commercial air service in town; nearby national and international flights are available at Logan International Airport in Boston, or T. F. Green Airport in Rhode Island. ^[14]

Demographics

See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1880	4,553	—
1890	5,213	+14.5%
1900	5,327	+2.2%
1910	6,928	+30.1%
1920	7,544	+8.9%
1930	7,524	−0.3%
1940	8,087	+7.5%
1950	8,960	+10.8%
1960	13,119	+46.4%
1970	15,674	+19.5%
1980	15,695	+0.1%
1990	16,123	+2.7%
2000	17,670	+9.6%
2010	17,489	−1.0%
2020	17,803	+1.8%
2022*	17,609	−1.1%
* = population estimate. Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data. [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22]

As of the census ^[23] of 2000, there were 17,670 people, 6,539 households, and 4,583 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,763.1 inhabitants per square mile (680.7/km²). There were 6,649 housing units at an average density of 663.4 per square mile (256.1/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 90.81% White, 5.71% African American, 0.15% Native American, 1.08% Asian, 0.79% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of the population.

There were over 9,000 households, out of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.23.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $50,613, and the median income for a family was $60,088. Males had a median income of $41,361 versus $31,907 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,068. About 6.1% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Statistically, Rockland is the 103rd most populous community in the Commonwealth, just below the state average. Rockland is the 62nd most densely populated community in the Commonwealth, and the fourth most densely populated in Plymouth County.

Government

On the national level, Rockland is a part of Massachusetts's 10th congressional district, and is represented by Bill Keating. The state's senior (Class I) member of the United States Senate, elected in 2012, is Elizabeth Warren. The state's junior member, elected in a special election following the appointment of John Kerry to United States Secretary of State, is Ed Markey.

On the state level, Rockland is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a part of the Fifth Plymouth district, which includes the towns of Hanover and Norwell. The town is represented in the Massachusetts Senate as a part of the Norfolk and Plymouth District, which includes Abington, Holbrook, Quincy, and part of Braintree. ^[24] The town is patrolled by the First (Norwell) Barracks of Troop D of the Massachusetts State Police. ^[25]

The town has its own police and fire department; the police department is located near the eastern junction of Routes 123 and 139 and the fire department is located along Union Street, the town's main street. The fire department also has its own ambulance service, which brings emergency cases to South Shore Hospital in Weymouth or Brockton Hospital in Brockton. The Rockland Memorial Library is a member of the Old Colony Library Network (OCLN) and the Southeastern Massachusetts Library System (SEMLS).

Rockland Memorial Library

Rockland is governed by an open town meeting form of government. Its board of selectmen has five elected seats, currently filled by:

• Michael O'Loughlin 2023 (Chairman)
• Tiffanie Needham, 2024
• Larry Ryan, 2022
• Kara Nyman, 2023 (Vice-Chairman)
• Richard Penney, 2022

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 15, 2008 [26]
Party		Number of Voters	Percentage
	Democratic	3,349	28.64%
	Republican	1,231	10.53%
	Unaffiliated	7,033	60.15%
	Libertarian	30	.26%
Total		11,692	100%

Education

Rockland operates its own school system for the town's approximately 2,500 students. There are two elementary schools (Phelps and R. Stewart Esten) which serve students from kindergarten to fourth grade. The Phelps Elementary school is new construction, completed in 2022, replacing both Memorial Park and Jefferson elementary schools. Both Memorial Park and Jefferson schools were demolished in 2022 and 2023, respectively.

The John W. Rogers Middle School is located adjacent to Memorial Park, in a new facility completed in 2012 and connected to the high school. It serves fifth through eighth grades. A newly renovated Rockland Senior High School serves ninth through twelfth grade students. ^[27] In June 2021, Rockland Senior High School was placed into a state program for schools or districts that disproportionately suspend nonwhite students or students with disabilities. ^[28]

Rockland High's athletics teams are known as the Bulldogs (sometimes just 'Dogs), and their colors are navy blue and white. They compete in the South Shore League and their rival is Abington. The Bulldogs have a strong basketball tradition, with their most recent state championships in 2004 (boys) and 2000 (girls). The football team last won a Super Bowl in 2021 by defeating Abington, 23–13, at Gillette Stadium.

In addition to the high school, students may attend South Shore Vocational Technical High School in Hanover free of charge. The town also has a private school, Calvary Chapel Academy. Calvary Chapel Academy is a Christian school serving from kindergarten through twelfth grade.

Children living in Rockland are also eligible to attend South Shore Charter Public School. Located in neighboring Norwell, the school offers entrance to neighboring towns on the South Shore.

Many students and their families also choose to attend private high schools in the area, including Cardinal Spellman High School in Brockton, Notre Dame Academy in Hingham, Archbishop Williams High School in Braintree, Boston College High School in Boston, Xaverian Brothers High School in Westwood, and more.

Economy

The town serves as the headquarters for several major companies:

• The US headquarters of the biotechnology and pharmaceutical company EMD Serono
• Rockland Trust Company, the largest publicly traded commercial bank headquartered in Massachusetts, with over 1000 employees ^[29]

Revitalization

Town officials and citizens have moved forward with efforts to revitalize Rockland Center. The stretch of Union Street is plentiful with mix-use buildings that reflect the heritage of Rockland Center's past vibrancy. ^[30]

A comprehensive study conducted by BSC Group and McCabe Enterprises made recommendations to guide the Center's redevelopment while retaining historic aspects. ^[31]

New sidewalks and crossing areas, paid for with a federal Community Development Block Grant, were installed in 2010.

Selectmen contracted the Iron Horse Preservation Society to remove the section of the Old Colony rail line that ran through town. Since the rails were removed, the line has been used for light recreation activities such as walking and bike riding.

Media

Newspapers

In 1884, a local paper was founded and Hulda Barker Loud took the position of editor-in-chief, naming the paper The Independent. ^[32]

Today, the town shares a weekly newspaper with neighboring Abington, The Rockland Standard. The Patriot Ledger and The Brockton Enterprise serve the greater South Shore area.

Radio and television

WRPS (88.3 FM) is a radio station owned by Rockland High School. The station is operated by the students and staff of the school. In addition, the studio offers two public access cable channels.

Sites of interest

Historic buildings

Lower Union Street Historic District runs down southern Union Street from East Water to Market Streets. In addition, there are several buildings on the National Register of Historic Places:

• Grand Army of the Republic Hall, built in 1899
• Mckinley School, built in 1909 as Rockland High School and now the Rockland Community Center
• Phoenix Building, built in 1929
• Rockland Almshouse, built in 1876, now the home of the North River Collaborative educational organization
• Rockland Memorial Library, built in 1903
• Rockland Trust Company building, built in 1917
• ET Wright Building, built in 1880
• Sandpaper Factory, built in 1890
• Holy Family Church, built in 1883

Notable people

• Brian Duffy (born 1953), astronaut
• George V. Higgins (1939–1999), author
• PJ Ladd (born 1983), professional skateboarder
• Hulda Barker Loud (1844–1911), newspaper editor
• Frederic O. MacCartney (1864–1903), socialist politician
• Maria Louise Pool (1841–1898), author
• Jonathan Togo (born 1977), actor

References

1. "Census - Geography Profile: Rockland town, Plymouth County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved November 6, 2021.
2. "About Rockland". Archived from the original on September 15, 2008. Retrieved September 17, 2008.
3. "USGenWeb Rockland, MA". plymouthcolony.net. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
4. Rockland Historical Commission - Chronology
5. Ledger, Matt Devine and Erin Martin / The Patriot. "Unanimous vote shuts South Weymouth Naval Air Station". The Patriot Ledger. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
6. Hofmeister, Liam. "4th Floor Artists in Rockland is a true 'art colony'". The Patriot Ledger. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
7. "Mill Realty Trust".
8. "Studio Locations and Rental Information". 4th Floor Artists, inc. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
9. Slaney, Mikaela (August 7, 2007). "South Shore Advocacy for Art group to meet this week". The Daily Republican. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
10. "EMERSON SHOE LOFTS :: Modern Loft Apartments". emersonshoelofts.com. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
11. "4th Floor Artists, inc". 4th Floor Artists, inc. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
12. "Massachusetts Historical Commission". mhc-macris.net. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
13. "ArcGIS Web Application". dawoodgis.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
14. "Closest airport to Rockland, MA, United States". Closest Airport to. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
15. "TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
16. "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
17. "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 13, 2003. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
18. "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 5, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
19. "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
20. "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1900, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
21. "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
22. "City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2022". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved November 24, 2023.
23. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
24. Index of Legislative Representation by City and Town, from Mass.gov
25. Station D-1, SP Norwell
26. "Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008" (PDF). Massachusetts Elections Division. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
27. Rockland Senior High School
28. Trufant, Jessica (June 11, 2021). "Black students disproportionately suspended at schools in Quincy, Weymouth, Plymouth". The Patriot Ledger . Gannett . Retrieved June 12, 2021.
29. "About Rockland Trust". www.rocklandtrust.com. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
30. ^[ dead link ]
31. https://www.facebook.com/pages/RocklandCenterorg/117796778326180?sk=info ^{[ user-generated source ]}
32. Willard, Frances E., and Mary A. Livermore, eds. A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-Seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life. Moulton, 1893, p. 474.

External links

• Town of Rockland official website
• Answer Book/Rockland: Everything you need to know