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Founded | April 1, 1866 |
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Location | |
Coordinates | 44°26′46.83″N26°5′24.02″E / 44.4463417°N 26.0900056°E Coordinates: 44°26′46.83″N26°5′24.02″E / 44.4463417°N 26.0900056°E |
President | Ioan-Aurel Pop |
Vice presidents | |
General Secretary | Victor Voicu |
Website | www |
The Romanian Academy (Romanian : Academia Română [akadeˈmi.a roˈmɨnə] ) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life.
According to its bylaws, the academy's main goals are the cultivation of Romanian language and Romanian literature, the study of the national history of Romania and research into major scientific domains. Some of the academy's fundamental projects are the Romanian language dictionary ( Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române ), the dictionary of Romanian literature, and the treatise on the history of the Romanian people.
On the initiative of C. A. Rosetti, the Academy was founded on April 1, 1866, as Societatea Literară Română. The founding members were illustrious members of the Romanian society of the age.
The name changed to Societatea Academică Romînă in 1867, and finally to Academia Română in 1879, during the reign of Carol I.
The founding members of the Academy:
Number | Name | Born | Province | Age at founding | Died | Member for | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Vasile Alecsandri | 21 July 1821 | Moldavia | 44 years, 254 days | 22 August 1890 | 24 years, 143 days | |
2 | Vincențiu Babeș | 21 January 1821 | Banat | 45 years, 70 days | 22 January 1907 | 40 years, 296 days | |
3 | George Barițiu | 4 June 1812 | Transylvania | 53 years, 301 days | 2 May 1893 | 27 years, 31 days | |
4 | Ioan D. Caragiani | 11 February 1841 | Macedonia | 25 years, 49 days | 13 January 1921 | 54 years, 287 days | Aromanian |
5 | Timotei Cipariu | 21 February 1805 | Transylvania | 61 years, 39 days | 3 September 1887 | 21 years, 155 days | |
6 | Dimitrie Cozacovici | 1790 | Macedonia | 76 years, 90 days [1] | 31 August 1868 | 2 years, 152 days | Unknown date of birth Aromanian |
7 | Ambrosiu Dimitrovici | 20 July 1838 | Bucovina | 27 years, 255 days | 3 July 1866 | 93 days | |
8 | Ștefan Gonata | 1 February 1838 | Basarabia | 28 years, 59 days | 18 September 1896 | 30 years, 170 days | |
9 | Alexandru Hâjdeu | 30 November 1811 | Basarabia | 54 years, 122 days | 9 November 1872 | 6 years, 222 days | |
10 | Ion Heliade Rădulescu | 6 January 1802 | Țara Românească | 64 years, 85 days | 27 April 1872 | 6 years, 26 days | First President of the Academy |
11 | Iosif Hodoș | 20 October 1829 | Transylvania | 36 years, 163 days | 28 November 1880 | 14 years, 241 days | |
12 | Alexandru Hurmuzaki | 16 August 1823 | Bucovina | 42 years, 228 days | 8 March 1871 | 4 years, 341 days | |
13 | Nicolae Ionescu | 1820 | Moldavia | 46 years, 90 days [1] | 24 January 1905 | 38 years, 298 days | |
14 | August Treboniu Laurian | 17 July 1810 | Transylvania | 55 years, 258 days | 25 February 1881 | 14 years, 330 days | |
15 | Titu Maiorescu | 15 February 1840 | Țara Românească | 26 years, 45 days | 18 June 1917 | 51 years, 78 days | |
16 | I. C. Massim | 1825 | Țara Românească | 41 years, 90 days [1] | 1877 | 10 years, 275 days | No known date of birth/death |
17 | Andrei Mocioni | 27 June 1812 | Banat | 53 years, 278 days | 23 April 1880 | 14 years, 22 days | |
18 | Gavriil Munteanu | February 1812 | Transylvania | 54 years, 59 days | 17 December 1869 | 3 years, 260 days | |
19 | Costache Negruzzi | 1808 | Moldavia | 58 years, 90 days | 24 August 1868 | 2 years, 145 days | |
20 | Alexandru Roman | 26 November 1826 | Transylvania | 39 years, 126 days | 15 September 1897 | 31 years, 167 days | |
21 | C. A. Rosetti | 2 June 1816 | Țara Românească | 49 years, 303 days | 8 April 1885 | 19 years, 7 days | |
22 | Ion G. Sbiera | 1 November 1835 | Bucovina | 30 years, 151 days | 22 October 1916 | 50 years, 204 days | |
23 | Constantin Stamati | 1786 | Basarabia | 80 years, 90 days | 12 September 1869 | 3 years, 164 days | |
24 | Ioan Străjescu | 1833 | Basarabia | 33 years, 90 days | 1873 | 6 years, 275 days | No known date of birth/death |
25 | Vasile Urechea-Alexandrescu | 15 February 1834 | Moldavia | 32 years, 45 days | 21 November 1901 | 35 years, 234 days | |
The Presidents of the Academy:
Number | Name | Term began | Term ended | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ion Heliade Rădulescu | 1867 | 1870 | |
2 | August Treboniu Laurian | 1870 | 1872 | first term |
3 | Nicolae Crețulescu | 1872 | 1873 | first term |
4 | August Treboniu Laurian | 1873 | 1876 | second term |
5 | Ion Ghica | 1876 | 1882 | first term |
6 | Dimitrie A. Sturdza | 1882 | 1884 | |
7 | Ion Ghica | 1884 | 1887 | second term |
8 | Mihail Kogălniceanu | 1887 | 1890 | |
9 | Ion Ghica | 1890 | 1893 | third term |
10 | George Bariț | 5 April 1893 | 2 May 1893 | died in office |
11 | Iacob C. Negruzzi | 1893 | 1894 | first term |
12 | Ion Ghica | 1894 | 1895 | fourth term |
13 | Nicolae Crețulescu | 1895 | 1898 | second term |
14 | Petru Poni | 1898 | 1901 | first term |
15 | Petre S. Aurelian | 1901 | 1904 | |
16 | Ioan Kalinderu | 1904 | 1907 | |
17 | Anghel Saligny | 1907 | 1910 | |
18 | Iacob C. Negruzzi | 1910 | 1913 | second term |
19 | Constantin I. Istrati | 1913 | 1916 | |
20 | Petru Poni | 1916 | 1920 | second term |
21 | Dimitrie Onciul | 1920 | 1923 | |
22 | Iacob C. Negruzzi | 1923 | 1926 | third term |
23 | Emil Racoviță | 1926 | 1929 | |
24 | Ioan Bianu | 1929 | 1932 | |
25 | Ludovic Mrazek | 1932 | 1935 | |
26 | Alexandru Lapedatu | 1935 | 1938 | |
27 | Constantin Rădulescu-Motru | 1938 | 1941 | |
28 | Ion Th. Simionescu | 1941 | 1944 | |
29 | Dimitrie Gusti | 1944 | 1946 | |
30 | Andrei Rădulescu | 1946 | 12 August 1948 | |
31 | Traian Săvulescu | 12 August 1948 | 23 December 1959 | |
32 | Athanase Joja | 1959 | 1963 | |
33 | Ilie G. Murgulescu | 1963 | 1966 | |
34 | Miron Nicolescu | 8 April 1966 | 30 June 1975 | died in office |
Șerban Țițeica | 1975 | 1976 | acting | |
35 | Theodor Burghele | 1976 | 3 June 1977 | died in office |
Cristofor Simionescu | 3 June 1977 | 19 March 1980 | acting | |
36 | Gheorghe Mihoc | 19 March 1980 | 25 December 1981 | died in office |
Ioan Anton | 25 December 1981 | 13 November 1984 | acting | |
37 | Radu Voinea | 13 November 1984 | 2 February 1990 | |
38 | Mihai Drăgănescu | 2 February 1990 | 18 January 1994 | |
39 | Virgiliu N. G. Constantinescu | 1994 | 1998 | |
40 | Eugen Simion | 16 January 1998 | 20 April 2006 | |
41 | Ionel Haiduc | 20 April 2006 | 8 April 2014 | |
42 | Ionel Valentin Vlad | 8 April 2014 | 24 December 2017 | died in office |
Cristian Hera | 5 January 2018 | 5 April 2018 | acting | |
43 | Ioan-Aurel Pop | 5 April 2018 | present |
Established in 1867, the Bibilioteca Academiei Române has a collection of over seven million books and collections of drawings, engravings, maps, and coins. [2] The Academy also operates its own publishing house. [2]
In 2014, antisemitism expert Michael Shafir stated that the academy "is packed with Holocaust deniers and trivializers". [3]
The Romanian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used for writing the Romanian language. It is a modification of the classical Latin alphabet and consists of 31 letters, five of which have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language:
Academia Romana may refer to:
Grigore Antipa was a Romanian naturalist, zoologist, ichthyologist, ecologist, oceanologist, Darwinist biologist who studied the fauna of the Danube Delta and the Black Sea. Between 1892 and 1944 he was the director of the Bucharest Natural History Museum, which now bears his name. He is also considered to be the first person to modernize the diorama by emphasizing the three-dimensional aspect and first to use dioramas in a museum setting. He is the scientist who reorganized the Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History in the new building that today bears his name, designed by the architect Grigore Cerchez, built in 1906 and inaugurated by Carol I of Romania in 1908. He was elected as member of the Romanian Academy in 1910 and was also a member of several foreign academies. Grigore Antipa founded a school of hydrobiology and ichthyology in Romania.
George Bariț, was an ethnic Romanian Austro-Hungarian historian, philologist, playwright, politician, businessman and journalist, the founder of the Romanian language press in Transylvania.
Alex Mihai Stoenescu is a Romanian writer, journalist and politician.
Holocaust trivialization is any comparison or analogy that is perceived to diminish the magnitude of the Holocaust, the Nazi genocide of six million European Jews during World War II. The Wiesel Commission defined trivialization as the abusive use of comparisons with the aim of minimizing the Holocaust and banalizing its atrocities. Originally, holocaust meant a type of sacrifice that is completely burnt to ashes; starting from the late 19th century, it started to denote an extensive destruction of a group, usually people or animals. The 1915 Armenian genocide was described as a "holocaust" by contemporary observers.
V. A. Urechia was a Moldavian, later Romanian historian, Romantic author of historical fiction and plays, academic and politician. The author of Romanian history syntheses, a noted bibliographer, heraldist, ethnographer and folklorist, he founded and managed a private school, later holding teaching positions at the University of Iași and University of Bucharest. Urechia was also one of the founding members of the Romanian Academy and, as frequent traveler to Spain and fluent speaker of Spanish, a corresponding member of the Royal Spanish Academy. He was the father of satirist Alceu Urechia.
Dimitrie Onciul was a Romanian historian. He was a member of the Romanian Academy and its president from 1920 until his death in 1923.
Nicolae Gh. Lupu was a Romanian physician. In 1948, he was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy.
Iacob C. Negruzzi was a Moldavian, later Romanian poet and prose writer.
Dimitrie Petrino was a Bessarabian-born Romanian poet.
Gheorghe Marin Fontanin was an Imperial Austrian-born Wallachian and Romanian educator.
Teodor V. Ștefanelli was an Imperial Austrian-born Romanian historian, poet, prose writer and lawyer.
Anastasie Fătu was a Moldavian and Romanian physician, naturalist, philanthropist and political figure, a titular member of the Romanian Academy and founder of Iași's Botanical Garden. Of lowly origins, he benefited from the meritocratic program instituted by Moldavia's government in the 1830s, and went on to study law at the University of Vienna, with hopes of becoming a political economist. After graduating, he changed his professional path, and trained in medicine at the University of Paris. Recognized for pioneering contributions in cardiology, pediatrics, obstetrics and balneotherapy, he was also an early speaker for public health and social medicine, as well as an educational theorist and textbook author. Fătu's career as a professor of natural sciences took him to the Gregorian Institute, the Socola Monastery school, and ultimately Iași University, where he took steps to create a regional medical school.
Ioan Bogdan was a Romanian linguist, historian and philologist, the author of studies on the language of Slavic and Romanian documents and creator of Slavo-Romanian philology. In 1903, Bogdan was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy.
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Events from the year 1939 in Romania. The year saw the assassination of Armand Călinescu.