2019 Fake News Law | |
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Federal Assembly | |
| |
Territorial extent | Russia |
Signed by | President Vladimir Putin |
Signed | 18 March 2019 |
Commenced | 19 March 2019 |
Legislative history | |
First reading | 7 March 2019 (State Duma) |
Second reading | 13 March 2019 (Federation Council) |
Amends | |
Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses | |
Status: Current legislation |
The 2019 Russian Fake News Law is a group of 2 federal laws, adopted by State Duma on 7 March 2019, approved by Federation Council on 13 March 2019, signed by President of Russia on 18 March 2019, allowing the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media to extrajudicially block access to online media publishing information, considered "unreliable" by Russian authorities (Law No.31-FZ), and establishing the punishment for such dissemination (Law No.27-FZ). The laws entered into force on 29 March 2019. [1] These laws are the first in the series of Russian fake news laws. [2]
The Federal Law of 18 March 2019 No.31-FZ prohibits the dissemination of an "unreliable information" endangering life and/or health of individuals, and/or property, creating the risk of massive violation of public order and/or public security, or the risk of interference with the functioning of vital, transport, social infrastructure, power, industrial and communication facilities, banks and other financial institutions. [3]
The Federal Law of 18 March 2019 No.27-FZ supplemented the article 13.15 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses with parts 9, 10 and 11 providing huge administrative fines for natural persons and juridical persons for the dissemination of "unreliable information". [4]
According to aforementioned laws, an online media is obliged to remove from its website the information designated as "unreliable" by Roskomnadzor immediately after receiving the relevant notification. In the case of non-compliance with the obligation, Roskomnadzor blocks access to the media's website. Administrative responsibility is incurred even in the case of compliance with the obligation. [5]
The first case of dissemination of "unreliable information" was opened in April 2019 against Arkhangelsk's resident Elena Kalinina. [6]
The first persons who were convicted under the Fake News Law are Publishing House "Moment Istiny" and its editor-in-chief Evgeniy Gneushev. [7] The district court overtuned the judgement against Publishing House "Moment Istiny" and set the case for a new consideration, but magistrate court imposed a fine again. [8]
The Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights opposed the bill. [9]
On 12 March 2019, many journalists and human rights defenders stated that the bill would establish the government censorship which is prohibited by the Constitution of Russia. They called this law grave abuse by officials, cynical denial of constitutional rights, state repressions against journalist community. [10]
Lesosibirsk is a town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River. Population: 61,139 (2010 Census); 65,374 (2002 Census); 68,349 (1989 Census)..
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The free online encyclopedia Wikipedia was briefly blocked in Russia in August 2015. Some articles of Wikipedia were included into various censorship lists disseminated by the government. Further threats to block were made following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
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The Russian fake news laws are a group of federal laws prohibiting the dissemination of information considered "unreliable" by Russian authorities, establishing the punishment for such dissemination, and allowing the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media (Roskomnadzor) to extrajudicially block access to online media publishing such information. The most well known of these laws is the Federal Law of 4 March 2022 No.32-FZ enacted during the Russian invasion of Ukraine; the adoption of this law caused the mass exodus of foreign media from Russia and termination of the activity of independent Russian media.
The 2019 Russian Disrespect to Authorities Law is a group of 2 federal laws, adopted by State Duma on 7 March 2019, approved by Federation Council on 13 March 2019, signed by President of Russia on 18 March 2019, allowing the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media to extrajudicially block access to online sources containing the blatant disrespect for the state, the authorities, the society, the state symbols, the Constitution, and establishing the punishment for the dissemination of an information containing such blatant disrespect. The laws entered into force on 29 March 2019.
The Russian 2020 COVID-19 Fake News Law is a group of 2 federal laws, adopted by State Duma on 31 March 2020, approved by Federation Council on 31 March 2020, and signed by President of Russia Vladimir Putin on 1 April 2020, establishing the administrative and criminal punishment for a dissemination of unreliable information about circumstances that threat to life and health of a citizen including epidemic, natural and technological disasters, emergency, and measures to ensure the security. These laws were aimed at making illegal any doubts as to the nature of COVID-19 and the reasonableness of the measures to combat the epidemic. These laws are an extension of Russian fake news laws.
On Amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Articles 31 and 151 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation is a group of federal laws promulgated by the Russian government during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. These laws establish administrative and criminal punishments for "discrediting" or dissemination of "unreliable information" about the Russian Armed Forces, other Russian state bodies and their operations, and the activity of volunteers aiding the Russian Armed Forces, and for calls to impose sanctions against Russia, Russian organizations and citizens. These laws are an extension of Russian fake news laws and are sometimes referred to as the fakes laws.
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