The Project 651, known in the West by its NATO reporting name Juliett class, was a class of Soviet diesel-electric submarines armed with cruise missiles. They were designed in the late 1950s to provide the Soviet Navy with a nuclear strike capability against targets along the east coast of the United States and enemy combatants. The head of the design team was Abram Samuilovich Kassatsier. They carried four nuclear-capable cruise missiles with a range of approximately 300 miles, which could be launched while the submarine was surfaced and moving less than four knots (7 km/h). Once surfaced, the first missile could be launched in about five minutes; subsequent missiles would follow within about ten seconds each. Initially, the missiles were the inertially-guided P-5. When submarine-launched ballistic missiles rendered the P-5s obsolescent, they were replaced with the P-6 designed to attack aircraft carriers. A special 10 m2 target guidance radar was built into the forward edge of the sail structure, which opened by rotating. One boat was eventually fitted with the Kasatka satellite downlink for targeting information to support P-500 4K-80 "Bazalt" anti-ship cruise missiles.
The Oscar class, Soviet designations Project 949 Granit and Project 949A Antey,, are a series of nuclear-powered cruise missile submarines designed in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. They are currently in service with the Russian Navy with some of the vessels planned to be modernized as Project 949AM, to extend their service life and increase combat capabilities.
K-222, Soviet designation Project 661 Anchar, was a Soviet Navy nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine and the only submarine of the design. It was the world's fastest submarine. Originally named K-162, it was renamed K-222 in 1978. The submarine is best known in the West by its NATO reporting name Papa class.
The Alfa class, Soviet designation Project 705 Lira, was a class of nuclear-powered attack submarines in service with the Soviet Navy and later with the Russian Navy. They were the fastest military submarines ever built, with only the prototype submarine K-222 exceeding them in submerged speed.
A nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor. The performance advantages of nuclear submarines over "conventional" submarines are considerable. Nuclear propulsion, being completely independent of air, frees the submarine from the need to surface frequently, as is necessary for conventional submarines. The large amount of power generated by a nuclear reactor allows nuclear submarines to operate at high speed for long periods of time; and the long interval between refuelings grants a range virtually unlimited, making the only limits on voyage times being imposed by such factors as the need to restock food or other consumables.
The Kilo class, Soviet designation Project 877 Paltus, NATO reporting name Kilo, is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines designed and built in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. The class was built until the mid-1990s, when production was switched to the more advanced Project 636 Varshavyanka variant, also known as Improved Kilo-class in the West.
Air-independent propulsion (AIP), or air-independent power, is any marine propulsion technology that allows a non-nuclear submarine to operate without access to atmospheric oxygen. AIP can augment or replace the diesel-electric propulsion system of non-nuclear vessels.
The Poseidon, previously known by Russian codename Status-6, is an autonomous, nuclear-powered, and nuclear-armed unmanned underwater vehicle under development by Rubin Design Bureau, capable of delivering both conventional and nuclear payloads.
Sindhughosh-class submarines are Kilo-class diesel-electric submarines in active service with the Indian Navy. Their names are in Sanskrit, but in their Roman-alphabet forms sometimes a final short -a is dropped.
The Borei class, alternate transliteration Borey, Russian designation Project 955 Borei and Project 955A Borei-A,, also referred to as Dolgorukiy class, are series of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines being constructed by Sevmash for the Russian Navy. The class is projected to replace the Soviet-era Delta III, Delta IV and Typhoon classes in the Russian Navy service.
Russian submarine K-336 Pskov Russian: Псков) is a Sierra-class attack submarine of the Russian Navy. She is named after the Russian city Pskov.
The Project 670 Skat submarine was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine built for the Soviet Navy and later operated by the Russian Navy. All Charlie I/II-class submarines are decommissioned. One Charlie-class submarine was used for testing an Oniks missile. Charlie I and its successor Charlie II-class submarines are designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau of Gorky.
The Yasen class, Russian designations Project 885 Yasen and Project 885M Yasen-M, also referred to as Graney class, are a series of the newest nuclear-powered cruise missile submarines designed by Malakhit and being constructed by Sevmash for the Russian Navy. Based on the Akula class and Alfa class designs, the Yasen class is projected to replace the Russian Navy's current Soviet-era nuclear attack submarines.
The JSC PO Sevmash is a Russian joint-stock enterprise under the vertically integrated United Shipbuilding Corporation. The shipbuilding operations of the JSC PO Sevmash is in the port city of Severodvinsk on the White Sea in the Russian Federation.
K-211 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy is a Project 667BDR Kalmar class Russian nuclear ballistic missile submarine. The submarine was built by Sevmash, Severodvinsk in the late 1970s and joined the Soviet fleet in 1980. The submarine continued to serve in the Russian Navy as part of the Pacific Fleet after the collapse of the Soviet Union. She was decommissioned in 2010 and is currently laid up, awaiting disposal. Her role and those of the other boats of her class is being taken by the new Borei-class submarines.
B-585 Sankt Peterburg is the lead boat of the St. Petersburg class of the Russian Navy. The Lada class is the fourth generation of diesel-electric submarines designed and constructed in the former Soviet Union and Russia to replace the Kilo class. Construction of the boat started in December 1997, and she was launched in October 2004. After undergoing a series of sea trials, Sankt Peterburg was commissioned in May 2010. However, the Russian Navy decided not to accept the St. Petersburg class after it was discovered that the boat's propulsion and sonar systems were inadequate. After design corrections the submarine was accepted. In 2014, Sankt Peterburg joined the Northern Fleet.
K-18 Karelia is a Project 667BDRM Delfin-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine currently in service with the Russian Navy. It was built in Severodvinsk by Sevmash shipbuilding company and was commissioned in 1989. It was refitted from 2004 to 2009, after which it returned to the navy.
K-51 Verkhoturye is the lead submarine of the Project 667BDRM Delfin class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines currently in service with the Russian Navy. It was built at the Sevmash shipbuilding company in Severodvinsk between 1981 and 1984 and was commissioned in 1984. It is named after the city of Verkhoturye.
Knyaz Oleg is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine developed by the Rubin Design Bureau and constructed by the Sevmash for the Russian Navy. The submarine is named after Oleg of Novgorod.
The K-329 Belgorod ("Белгород") is a leading Russian nuclear submarine. It has already been tested at sea with a specially trained crew and its active commissioning is expected around the end of the year 2021.
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