Sankt Martin im Innkreis

Sankt Martin im Innkreis
Sankt Martin im Innkreis
	Parish church
	; Coat of arms
	Sankt Martin im Innkreis Location within Austria
	Coordinates: 48°17′39″N13°26′25″E / 48.29417°N 13.44028°E Coordinates: 48°17′39″N13°26′25″E / 48.29417°N 13.44028°E
Country	Austria
State	Upper Austria
District	Ried im Innkreis
Government
• Mayor	Kurt Höretzeder (FPÖ)
Area [1]
• Total	8.88 km2 (3.43 sq mi)
Elevation	372 m (1,220 ft)
Population (2018-01-01) [2]
• Total	2,055
• Density	230/km2 (600/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	4973
Area code	07751
Vehicle registration	RI
Website	www.st-martin-innkreis.ooe.gv.at

Last updated October 15, 2019

Sankt Martin im Innkreis is a municipality in Ried im Innkreis District, in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

Bezirk Ried im Innkreis is a district of the state of Upper Austria in Austria.

Austria, officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in Central Europe comprising nine federated states. Its capital, largest city and one of nine states is Vienna. Austria has an area of 83,879 km² (32,386 sq mi), a population of nearly nine million people and a nominal GDP of $477 billion. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The terrain is landlocked and highly mountainous, lying within the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 m (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 m (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speaks local Bavarian dialects as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other regional languages are Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene.

Upper Austria is one of the nine states or Bundesländer of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders on Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as on the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km² (4,626 sq mi) and 1.437 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.

Geography

Sankt Martin lies in the Innviertel (Innkreis) region, situated on the west slope of the Troßkolm forest in the Antiesen valley. It is located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the district capital Ried im Innkreis on the Hausruck Straße highway (B143) near the Ort im Innkreis junction of the Innkreis Autobahn (A8).

The Innviertel is a traditional Austrian region southeast of the Inn river. It forms the western part of the state of Upper Austria and borders the German state of Bavaria. The Innviertel is one of the four traditional "quarters" of Upper Austria, the others being Hausruckviertel, Mühlviertel, and Traunviertel.

Antiesen is a river of Upper Austria and a right tributary of the Inn. It is 44.7 km long. It flows into the Inn near Antiesenhofen.

The Innkreis Autobahn is a motorway, or Autobahn, in Austria. It runs from the A1 and A9 junction to the border with Germany.

The municipal area comprises the cadastral communities of Diesseits and Jenseits (literally "On This Side" and "Beyond"), referring to the Antiesen River.

A cadastral community or cadastral municipality, is a cadastral subdivision of municipalities in the nations of Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia,, the Netherlands and the Italian provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, Gorizia and Trieste. A cadastral community records property ownership in a cadastre, which is a register describing property ownership by boundary lines of the real estate.

History

The Sankt Martin parish church was first mentioned in a 1084 deed, when the surrounding estates were held by the Bavarian Bishops of Passau. A castle was mentioned in 1150, it burnt down during the Peasants' War in Upper Austria in 1626 and was rebuilt in a Baroque style.

The Diocese of Passau is a Roman Catholic diocese in Germany that is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. It should not be confused with the Prince-Bishopric of Passau, an ecclesiastical principality that existed for centuries until it was secularized in 1803. The diocese covers an area of 5,442 km².

The Peasants' War in Upper Austria was a rebellion led by farmers in 1626 whose goal was to free Upper Austria from Bavarian rule. The motive was an escalation of the Bavarian kingdom's attempt to press the country into the Catholic faith at the time of the Thirty Years' War.

Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe. It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal and France, and Austria. In the Late Baroque period (1675–1750), it reached as far as Russia and the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Beginning in about 1730, an even more elaborately decorative variant called Rococo appeared and flourished in Central Europe.

With the whole Innviertel region Sankt Martin belonged to the Duchy of Bavaria (Electorate from 1623) until it was ceded to the Archduchy of Austria according to the 1779 Treaty of Teschen. After the Napoleonic Wars, Sankt Martin was incorporated into the Austrian crown land of Upper Austria. The present-day municipality was established in 1850.

The Duchy of Bavaria was a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom from the sixth through the eighth century. It was settled by Bavarian tribes and ruled by dukes (duces) under Frankish overlordship. A new duchy was created from this area during the decline of the Carolingian Empire in the late ninth century. It became one of the stem duchies of the East Frankish realm which evolved as the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire.

The Electorate of Bavaria was an independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria.

The Archduchy of Austria was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg Monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periphery.

In World War II Oberst Alois Podhajsky, director of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, had most of the Lipizzan stallions evacuated to Sankt Martin. His hostess was at that time the Swedish born Countess Gertrud Arco- auf Valley - Wallenberg (1895–1983), alias Gertrud ”Calle” Wallenberg. She has been a member of the Swedish banking dynasty, and cousin of anti-Nazi hero Raoul Wallenberg. There Oberst Podhajsky met on the seventh of May 1945 with the American General George S. Patton and Robert Porter Patterson, Sr. the United States Under Secretary of War under President Franklin Roosevelt and the United States Secretary of War under President Harry S. Truman. The remaining horses and riders of the school orchestrated an impressive performance in the indoor school of the castle for their foreign guests, whereafter the Americans agreed to place the white stallions under the protection of the United States.

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

Alois Podhajsky was the director of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, Austria as well as an Olympic medal-winner in dressage, riding instructor, and writer.

The Spanish Riding School is an Austrian institution dedicated to the preservation of classical dressage and the training of Lipizzaner horses, based in Vienna, Austria, whose performances in the Hofburg are also a tourist attraction. The leading horses and riders of the school also periodically tour and perform worldwide. It is one of the "Big Four", the most prestigious classical riding academies in the world, alongside the Cadre Noir, the Portuguese School of Equestrian Art, and the Royal Andalusian School.

Politics

Seats in the municipal assembly (Gemeinderat) as of 2009 local elections:

Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 7
Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 7
Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 5

Notable people

Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley (1897–1945), political activist, assassin of Bavarian premier Kurt Eisner.

References

↑ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
↑ "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.

Ein Leben für die Lipizzaner Alois Podhajsky, Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, Munich 1960

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[wikidata-f3373d889b3e667af72d1979ec2c3615f4e35537-v3-1] "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.

[wikidata-e49e74cba12ebc857db3ff1e3141c6ab850aaa31-v3-2] "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.