Sapporo

Last updated
Sapporo
札幌市
City of Sapporo [1]
SapporoCity Skylines2020.jpg
Sapporo Clock Tower (16144265946).jpg
Sapporo Beer Museum.JPG
131103 Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido Japan12s5.jpg
Sapporo station 2012.jpg
Sapporo dome 001.jpg
Odori Park Sapporo.JPG
Clockwise from top: the central business district at dusk; Sapporo Clock Tower; Sapporo Beer Museum; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Station; Sapporo Dome; and Sapporo TV Tower seen from Odori Park
Flag of Sapporo, Hokkaido.svg
Emblem of Sapporo, Hokkaido.svg
Sapporo
Interactive map outlining Sapporo
Location of Sapporo city Hokkaido Japan.svg
  Location of Sapporo in Hokkaido (Ishikari Subprefecture)
Japan location map with side map of the Ryukyu Islands.svg
Red pog.svg
Sapporo
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 43°4′N141°21′E / 43.067°N 141.350°E / 43.067; 141.350 Coordinates: 43°4′N141°21′E / 43.067°N 141.350°E / 43.067; 141.350
CountryFlag of Japan.svg  Japan
Region Hokkaido
Prefecture Hokkaido (Ishikari Subprefecture)
Government
  Mayor Katsuhiro Akimoto
Area
  Total1,121.26 km2 (432.92 sq mi)
Population
 (March 1, 2021)
  Total1,973,832
  Density1,760.37/km2 (4,559.3/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address2-1-1 Kita-ichijō-nishi, Chūō-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido
060-8611
Climate Dfa
Website www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english
Symbols
Bird Common cuckoo
Flower Lily of the valley
Tree Lilac

See or edit raw graph data.

Demographics

The first census of the population of Sapporo was taken in 1873, when 753 families with a total of 1,785 people were recorded in the town. [27] The city has an estimated population of 1,957,914 as of May 31, 2019 and a population density of 1,746 persons per km2 (4,500 persons per mi2). The total area is 1,121.26 km2 (432.92  sq mi ).

Sapporo
Sapporo (Chinese characters).svg
"Sapporo" in kanji
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1873 1,785    
1920 105,182+5792.5%
1925 149,314+42.0%
1930 174,179+16.7%
1935 196,541+12.8%
1940 206,103+4.9%
1950 313,850+52.3%
1955 426,620+35.9%
1960 523,839+22.8%
1965 794,908+51.7%
1970 1,010,123+27.1%
YearPop.±%
1975 1,240,613+22.8%
1980 1,401,757+13.0%
1985 1,542,979+10.1%
1990 1,671,742+8.3%
1995 1,757,025+5.1%
2000 1,822,368+3.7%
2005 1,880,863+3.2%
2010 1,913,545+1.7%
2015 1,952,356+2.0%
2020 1,970,277+0.9%
Source: Statistics Bureau

Economy

Sapporo MEA Sapporo Metropolitan Employment Area 2015.png
Sapporo MEA

The tertiary sector dominates Sapporo's industry. Major industries include information technology, retail, and tourism, as Sapporo is a destination for winter sports and events and summer activities due to its comparatively cool climate. [28]

The city is also the manufacturing centre of Hokkaido, manufacturing various goods such as food and related products, fabricated metal products, steel, machinery, beverages, and pulp and paper. [29] The Sapporo Breweries, founded in 1876, is a major company and employer in the city. [30] [31]

Hokkaido International Airlines (Air Do) is headquartered in Chūō-ku. [32] In April 2004, Air Nippon Network was headquartered in Higashi-ku. [33] Other companies headquartered in Sapporo include Crypton Future Media, DB-Soft, Hokkaido Air System, and Royce'.

Greater Sapporo, Sapporo Metropolitan Employment Area (2.3 million people), had a total GDP of US$84.7 billion in 2010. [34] [35]

In 2014, Sapporo's GDP per capita (PPP) was US$32,446. [36]

Culture and entertainment

Music

Art

Literature

Film

Video games

Points of interest

Sapporo Beer Museum Sapporo Beer Museum.JPG
Sapporo Beer Museum
Susukino, the entertainment district of Sapporo Spectaculars of Susukino-Sapporo.jpg
Susukino, the entertainment district of Sapporo

Sapporo JR Tower adjacent to Sapporo Station. [38]

Sapporo Ramen Yokocho and Norubesa (a building with a Ferris wheel) are in Susukino district. The district also has the Tanuki Kōji Shopping Arcade, the oldest shopping mall in the city.

The district of Jōzankei in Minami-ku has many resort hotels with steam baths and onsen.

The Peace Pagoda, one of many such monuments across the world built by the Buddhist order Nipponzan Myohoji to promote and inspire world peace, has a stupa that was built in 1959,[ citation needed ] halfway up Mount Moiwa, to commemorate peace after World War II. It contains some of the ashes of the Buddha that were presented to the Emperor of Japan by Prime Minister Nehru in 1954.[ citation needed ] Another portion was presented to Mikhail Gorbachev by the Nipponzan-Myohoji monk, Junsei Terasawa.[ citation needed ]

Parks/gardens

Odori Park (2018) Sapporo (31503219368).jpg
Odori Park (2018)

Events/festivals

Dancers in the Yosakoi Soran Festival YOSAKOI Soran Festival.jpg
Dancers in the Yosakoi Sōran Festival
Sapporo Snow Festival US Navy 060209-N-7526R-205 Illuminated trees and ice sculptures line the streets leading up to Sapporo's TV Tower during the Sapporo Ice Festival.jpg
Sapporo Snow Festival

February: the Sapporo Snow Festival The main site is at Odori Park, and other sites include Susukino (known as the Susukino Ice Festival) and Sapporo Satoland. Many of the snow and ice statues are built by members of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. [39]

May: the Sapporo Lilac Festival. Lilac was brought to Sapporo in 1889 by an American educator, Sarah Clara Smith. At the festival, people enjoy the flowers, wine and live music.

June: the Yosakoi Soran Festival. The sites of the festival are centered on Odori Park and the street leading to Susukino, and there are other festival sites. In the festival, many dance teams dance to music composed based on a Japanese traditional song, "Sōran Bushi". Members of the dancing teams wear special costumes and compete on the roads or stages constructed on the festival sites. In 2006, 350 teams were featured with around 45,000 dancers, and over 1,860,000 people visited the festival. [39]

The Sapporo Summer Festival. People enjoy drinking at the beer garden in Odori Park and on the streets of Susukino. This festival consists of a number of fairs such as Tanuki Festival and Susukino Festival. [39]

September: the Sapporo Autumn Festival

December: Christmas market in Odori Park, similar to German Christmas markets.

From November through January, many citizens enjoy the Sapporo White Illuminations.

Cuisine

Soup curry Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg
Soup curry

The city is home to Sapporo Brewery, white chocolate biscuits known as 'shiroi koibito' (白い恋人), and also as the birthplace of miso ramen. [40] Kouraku Ramen Meitengai, in the Susukino district, is an alley lined with many miso ramen restaurants, since 1951. After its demolition, due to plans for the Sapporo Olympics, the Ganso Sapporo Ramen Yokocho was established in its place. It attracts many tourists throughout the year. [40] From the year 1966, a food company named, Sanyo Foods, began to sell instant ramen under the brand name, "Sapporo Ichiban".

Haskap, a local variety of edible honeysuckle, similar to blueberries, is a specialty in Sapporo. Other specialty dishes of Sapporo include; soup curry, a soupy curry made with vegetables and chicken, sometimes other meats too, and jingisukan, a barbecued lamb dish, named after Genghis Khan. Sapporo Sweets, is a confectionery using many ingredients from Hokkaido where there's also the Sapporo Sweets Competition held annually. [41] Sapporo is also well known for fresh seafood including; salmon, sea urchin and crab. Crab in particular is famed. Many types of crab are harvested and served seasonally in Sapporo like the Horsehair crab, Snow crab, King crab, and Hanasaki crab with numerous dishes revolving around them. [42]

Sports

The Sapporo Dome in winter SapporoDome2004-2.jpg
The Sapporo Dome in winter

The Sapporo Dome was constructed in 2001 and is currently host to the local professional teams, Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo (football), and Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters (baseball).

ES CON Field Hokkaido (エスコンフィールド北海道, Esukon Fīrudo Hokkaidō), a baseball park under construction in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido, will become the future home to Nippon Professional Baseball's Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters and is scheduled to open in March, 2023.

Sapporo was selected as host to the 5th Winter Olympics, scheduled for February 3 to 12, 1940; however Japan had to cancel the event, consequently handing the decision back to the IOC, after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937.

In 1972, Sapporo hosted the 11th Winter Olympics. Some structures built for Olympic events remain in use today, including the ski jumps at Miyanomori and Okurayama. After considering a bid for the 2026 Winter Olympics, Olympic representatives in Sapporo have said that the city is considering a bid for the 2030 Winter Olympics. The city predicts it may cost as much as 456.5 billion yen ($4.3 billion) to host the games and is planning to have 90 percent of the facilities within half an hour of the Olympic village, according to a report published 12 May 2016. The Alpen course would be in Niseko, the world's second-snowiest resort, while the village would be next to the Sapporo Dome, the report said. [43] The plans were presented to the Japanese Olympic Committee on 8 November 2016. [44] [45] In 2002, Sapporo hosted three group matches of the FIFA World Cup at the Sapporo Dome. In 2006, Sapporo hosted some games of the 2006 Basketball World Championship and also for the 2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship. In 2007, Sapporo hosted the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships at the Sapporo Dome, Miyanomori ski jump, Okurayama ski jump, and the Shirahatayama cross-country course. It has been the host city to two Asian Winter Games and hosted the 2017 Asian Winter Games in Obihiro. Sapporo also hosted games during the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

Skiing remains a major sport in Sapporo with almost all children skiing as a part of the school curriculum. Okurayama Elementary School is unusual in having its own ski hill and ski jumping hill on the school grounds. Within the city are commercial ski hills including Moiwayama, Bankeiyama, KobaWorld, Sapporo Teine and Fu's.

Many sports stadiums and domes are located in Sapporo, and some of them have been designated as venues of sports competitions. The Sapporo Community Dome, also known by its nickname "Tsu-Dome", has hosted the Golden Market, a huge flea market event which is usually held twice a year, along with some sports events. The Makomanai Ice Arena, in Makomanai Park, was one of the venues of the Sapporo Olympics in 1972. It was renamed the Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena in 2007, when Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., acquired naming rights and renamed the arena after their real estate brand. [46] Other large sports venues include the Makomanai Open Stadium, Tsukisamu Dome, Maruyama Baseball Stadium, and the Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center, which hosts the professional basketball team, Levanga Hokkaido.

Toyota Big Air is a major international snowboarding event held annually in Sapporo Dome. As one of the richest events of its kind in the world, it draws many of the world's best snowboarders.

Professional sport teams

ClubSportLeagueVenueEstablished
Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters Baseball Nippon Professional Baseball Sapporo Dome 2004
Levanga Hokkaido Basketball B.League Division 1 Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center,
Tsukisamu Dome
2006
Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo Football (soccer) J1 League Sapporo Atsubetsu Park Stadium,
Sapporo Dome
1996

Transportation

Sapporo has one streetcar line, three JR Hokkaido lines, three subway lines and JR Bus, Chuo Bus and other bus lines. Sapporo Subway trains have rubber-tired wheels.

Rapid transit

Sapporo Municipal Subway is the only rubber-tyred metro system in East Asia. Sapporo 9000 9001 Odori 20150521.jpg
Sapporo Municipal Subway is the only rubber-tyred metro system in East Asia.
The Sapporo Streetcar is currently the only operational circular tram system in Asia (although a similar tram system in Kaohsiung, Taiwan is planned to begin operation later in 2023). Sapporo Street Car Type A1200 027.JPG
The Sapporo Streetcar is currently the only operational circular tram system in Asia (although a similar tram system in Kaohsiung, Taiwan is planned to begin operation later in 2023).

Rail

Sapporo Station Zha Huang Yi (Sapporo Station - Hokkaido Railway company) - panoramio (2).jpg
Sapporo Station

Air

The Sapporo area is served by two airports: Okadama Airport, which offers regional flights within Hokkaido, and New Chitose Airport, a larger international airport located in the city of Chitose 30 miles (48 km) away connected by regular rapid trains taking around 40 minutes. The Sapporo-Tokyo route between New Chitose and Haneda is one of the busiest in the world.

Airport shuttle, tour and charter bus service

An airport shuttle bus servicing all hotels in Sapporo operates every day of the year. SkyExpress was founded in 2005 and also provides transport to and from various ski resorts throughout Hokkaido, including Niseko.

Education

Universities

The Sapporo Clock Tower, formerly a part of Hokkaido University in the 19th century Sapporo clock tower.JPG
The Sapporo Clock Tower, formerly a part of Hokkaido University in the 19th century
Autumn trees at Hokkaido University 131103 Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido Japan12s5.jpg
Autumn trees at Hokkaido University

National

See Japanese national university

Public

Private

Primary and secondary schools

Sapporo Odori High School Sapporo Odori High School.JPG
Sapporo Odori High School

Sapporo Odori High School provides Japanese-language classes to foreign and Japanese returnee students, and the school has special admissions quotas for these groups. [47]

The city has two private international schools:

Twin towns – sister cities

Sapporo City Hall (June 2007) Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg
Sapporo City Hall (June 2007)

Sapporo has twinning relationships with several cities worldwide. [48] [49]

See also

Notes

Related Research Articles

The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, was a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otaru</span> City in Hokkaido, Japan

Otaru is a city and port in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces Ishikari Bay and the Sea of Japan, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination. Because it is a 25-minute drive from Sapporo, it has recently grown as a bedroom community.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapporo Snow Festival</span> Annual festival in Sapporo, Japan

The Sapporo Snow Festival is a festival held annually in Sapporo, Japan, over seven days in February. Odori Park, Susukino, and Tsudome are the main sites of the festival.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toyohira River</span> River in Hokkaidō, Japan

The Toyohira River is a river in Hokkaidō prefecture, Japan. It is 72.5 km in length and has drainage area of 894.7 km². It is a tributary of the Ishikari River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapporo Station</span> Railway station in Sapporo, Japan

Sapporo Station is a railway station in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It is served by Hakodate Main Line and other lines of Hokkaido Railway Company, and is also connected to the Subway Sapporo Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chitose, Hokkaido</span> City in Hokkaido, Japan

Chitose is a city located in Ishikari Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, and home to the New Chitose Airport, the biggest international airport in Hokkaido and closest airport to Sapporo, as well as the neighboring Chitose Air Base. As of May 1, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 96,580, with 48,485 households, and a population density of 155 persons per km2. The total area is 594.95 km2. The city was founded on July 1, 1958. The city is notable for having a Peace Pagoda, built by the Japanese Buddhist order Nipponzan Myohoji in 1978.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chūō-ku, Sapporo</span> Ward in Hokkaido, Japan

Chūō-ku is one of the ten wards in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Chūō-ku means "central ward" in Japanese. City administration and entertainment facilities are centred in this ward.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Higashi-ku, Sapporo</span> Ward in Hokkaidō, Japan

Higashi-ku (東区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is directly translated as "east ward", and is neighboured to Kita-ku, Chūō-ku, Shiroishi-ku, Ebetsu, Tōbetsu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minami-ku, Sapporo</span> Ward in Hokkaidō, Japan

Minami-ku (南区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Minami-ku is directly translated as "south ward". Having the area of 657.48 km² in total, Minami-ku occupies 60 percent of the area of Sapporo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teine-ku, Sapporo</span> Ward in Hokkaidō, Japan

Teine-ku (手稲区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward is located in northwest of Sapporo, which is neighboured to three other wards in Sapporo and two cities. The area was established as one of the wards in Sapporo in 1989, when it was split from Nishi-ku, Sapporo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toyohira-ku, Sapporo</span> Ward in Hokkaido, Japan

Toyohira-ku (豊平区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. The ward was established in 1972, when the Sapporo Olympics was held in Sapporo. Four other wards in Sapporo are bounded on Toyohira-ku.

The Kamori Kankō (加森観光) is a tourist company operating hotels and amusement parks, mainly in Hokkaidō, Japan. The company is headquartered in Sapporo. Its most important resort facility has been Rusutsu Resort. The company was founded in 1981, and its group rapidly expanded after 1998, through mergers of underperforming facilities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makomanai River</span> River in Hokkaidō, Japan

Makomanai River is a tributary of the Toyohira River in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It has a length of 21 kilometres (13 mi) and has a watershed of 37 square kilometres (14 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tōhō Line</span> Rubber-tyred rail line in Sapporo, Japan

The Tōhō Line is a rubber-tyred metro line in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, operated by Sapporo City Transportation Bureau. It is part of the Sapporo Municipal Subway system. It runs from Sakaemachi Station in Higashi-ku to Fukuzumi Station in Toyohira-ku. The Tōhō Line color on maps is sky blue. Its stations are numbered with the prefix "H".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iburi Province</span> Former province of Japan

Iburi Province, also called Ifuri, was a short-lived province located in Hokkaidō. It corresponds to modern-day Iburi Subprefecture, Yamakoshi District of Oshima, Abuta District in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the cities of Chitose and Eniwa in Ishikari Subprefecture and Shimukappu Village in Kamikawa Subprefecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapporo Municipal Subway</span> Rubber-tyred rail system in Sapporo, Japan

The Sapporo Municipal Subway is a mostly-underground rubber-tyred rapid transit system in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Operated by the Sapporo City Transportation Bureau, it is the only subway system on the island of Hokkaido.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bus Center-Mae Station</span> Subway station in Sapporo, Japan

Bus Center-mae Station is a metro station in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. The station is numbered T10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tsukisamu Gymnasium</span> Sports facility in Sapporo, Japan

The Sapporo Tsukisamu Gymnasium (札幌市月寒体育館) is an indoor sporting arena located in Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidō.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makomanai Park</span>

Makomanai Park (真駒内公園) is a city park in Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It is home to attractions such as Makomanai Open Stadium, Makomanai Ice Arena and the Sapporo Salmon Museum. It also contains a small gymnasium, restaurant and a shop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Es Con Field Hokkaido</span>

Es Con Field Hokkaido is a baseball stadium located in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido, Japan. The ballpark is owned by and operated by Nippon Ham, which has used it as the home field for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) since its opening in 2023. Designed by HKS Architects, the stadium has capacity for 35,000 people. It is Japan's second retractable roof facility and its asymmetrical playing surface is only the third natural turf field in NPB. The area immediately surrounding the stadium is being developed into Hokkaido Ballpark F Village, an entertainment district that holds commercial facilities and restaurants.

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