Sapporo

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Sapporo
札幌市
City of Sapporo [1]
Flag of Sapporo, Hokkaido.svg
Emblem of Sapporo, Hokkaido.svg
Sapporo
Interactive map outlining Sapporo
Japan location map with side map of the Ryukyu Islands.svg
Red pog.svg
Sapporo
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 43°03′43″N141°21′16″E / 43.06194°N 141.35444°E / 43.06194; 141.35444
CountryFlag of Japan.svg  Japan
Region Hokkaido
Prefecture Hokkaido (Ishikari Subprefecture)
Government
  Mayor Katsuhiro Akimoto
Area
1,121.26 km2 (432.92 sq mi)
Population
 (July 31, 2023)
1,959,750
  Density1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi)
   Metro
2,661,000
Time zone UTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address2-1-1 Kita-ichijō-nishi, Chūō-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido
060-8611
Climate Dfa
Website www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english
Symbols
Bird Common cuckoo
Flower Lily of the valley
Tree Lilac
Sapporo
Sapporo (Chinese characters).svg
"Sapporo" in kanji

See or edit raw graph data.

Administration

Wards

Sapporo currently has ten wards (, ku).

Sapporo City Hall (June 2007) Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg
Sapporo City Hall (June 2007)
Name Kanji PopulationLand area in km2Pop. density

per km2

Map of Sapporo
1 Atsubetsu-ku 厚別区127,29924.385,221
A map of Sapporo's Wards Wards of Sapporo.png
A map of Sapporo's Wards
2 Chūō-ku 中央区237,76146.425,122
3 Higashi-ku 東区261,90156.974,597
4 Kita-ku 北区286,02663.574,499
5 Kiyota-ku 清田区113,55659.871,897
6 Minami-ku 南区136,774657.48208
7 Nishi-ku 西区216,83575.102,887
8 Shiroishi-ku 白石区213,31034.476,188
9 Teine-ku 手稲区141,88656.772,499
10 Toyohira-ku 豊平区223,40846.234,833

Demographics

The first census of the population of Sapporo was taken in 1873, when 753 families with a total of 1,785 people were recorded in the town. [25] The city has an estimated population of 1,959,750 as of July 31, 2023 and a population density of 1,748 persons per km2 (4,500 persons per mi2). The total area is 1,121.26 km2 (432.92  sq mi ).

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1873 1,785    
1920 105,182+5792.5%
1925 149,314+42.0%
1930 174,179+16.7%
1935 196,541+12.8%
1940 206,103+4.9%
1950 313,850+52.3%
1955 426,620+35.9%
1960 523,839+22.8%
1965 794,908+51.7%
1970 1,010,123+27.1%
YearPop.±%
1975 1,240,613+22.8%
1980 1,401,757+13.0%
1985 1,542,979+10.1%
1990 1,671,742+8.3%
1995 1,757,025+5.1%
2000 1,822,368+3.7%
2005 1,880,863+3.2%
2010 1,913,545+1.7%
2015 1,952,356+2.0%
2020 1,970,277+0.9%
Source: Statistics Bureau

Surrounding municipalities

Ishikari Subprefecture
Shiribeshi Subprefecture
Iburi Subprefecture

Economy

Sapporo MEA Sapporo Metropolitan Employment Area 2015.png
Sapporo MEA

The tertiary sector dominates Sapporo's industry. Major industries include information technology, retail, and tourism, as Sapporo is a destination for winter sports and events and summer activities due to its comparatively cool climate. [26]

The city is also the manufacturing centre of Hokkaido, manufacturing various goods such as food and related products, fabricated metal products, steel, machinery, beverages, and pulp and paper. [27] The Sapporo Breweries, founded in 1876, is a major company and employer in the city. [28] [29]

Hokkaido International Airlines (Air Do) is headquartered in Chūō-ku. [30] In April 2004, Air Nippon Network was headquartered in Higashi-ku. [31] Other companies headquartered in Sapporo include Crypton Future Media, DB-Soft, Hokkaido Air System, and Royce'.

Transport

Sapporo Station Zha Huang Yi (Sapporo Station - Hokkaido Railway company) - panoramio (2).jpg
Sapporo Station
Sapporo Municipal Subway is the only rubber-tyred metro system in East Asia. Sapporo 9000 9001 Odori 20150521.jpg
Sapporo Municipal Subway is the only rubber-tyred metro system in East Asia.
The Sapporo Streetcar is currently the only operational circular tram system in Asia (although a similar tram system in Kaohsiung, Taiwan is planned to begin operation later in 2023). Sapporo Street Car Type A1200 027.JPG
The Sapporo Streetcar is currently the only operational circular tram system in Asia (although a similar tram system in Kaohsiung, Taiwan is planned to begin operation later in 2023).

Sapporo has one streetcar line, three JR Hokkaido lines, three subway lines and JR Bus, Chuo Bus and other bus lines. Sapporo Subway trains have rubber-tired wheels.

Airways

Airport

The Sapporo area is served by two airports: Okadama Airport, which offers regional flights within Hokkaido and Tohoku, and New Chitose Airport, a larger international airport located in the city of Chitose 30 mi (48 km) away, connected by regular rapid trains taking around 40 minutes. The Sapporo-Tokyo route between New Chitose and Haneda is the second busiest in the world only after Gimpo to Jeju route.

Railways

JR Hokkaido Stations in Sapporo

High-speed rail

JR Hokkaido

Conventional lines

JR Hokkaido
  • Hakodate Line: (Zenibako) – Hoshimi – Hoshioki – Inaho – Teine – Inazumi Kōen – Hassamu – Hassamu Chūō – Kotoni – Sōen – Sapporo – Naebo – Shiroishi – Atsubetsu – Shinrinkōen – (Ōasa)
  • Chitose Line: Heiwa – Shin Sapporo – Kami Nopporo – (Kita-Hiroshima)
  • Sasshō Line (Gakuentoshi Line): Sōen – Hachiken – Shinkawa – Shinkotoni – Taihei – Yurigahara – Shinoro – Takuhoku – Ainosato Kyōikudai – Ainosato Kōen – (Ishikari Futomi)

Subways

Tramways

Rapid transit

Busways

An airport shuttle bus servicing hotels in Sapporo operates every day of the year. SkyExpress was founded in 2005 and also provides transport to and from various ski resorts throughout Hokkaido, including Niseko.

Sightseeing

Sapporo Beer Museum Sapporo Beer Museum.JPG
Sapporo Beer Museum
Susukino, the entertainment district of Sapporo Spectaculars of Susukino-Sapporo.jpg
Susukino, the entertainment district of Sapporo
Odori Park (2018) Sapporo (31503219368).jpg
Odori Park (2018)

Points of interest

Sapporo JR Tower adjacent to Sapporo Station. [32]

Sapporo Ramen Yokocho and Norubesa (a building with a Ferris wheel) are in Susukino district. The district also has the Tanuki Kōji Shopping Arcade, the oldest shopping mall in the city.

The district of Jōzankei in Minami-ku has many resort hotels with steam baths and onsen.

The Peace Pagoda, one of many such monuments across the world built by the Buddhist order Nipponzan Myohoji to promote and inspire world peace, has a stupa that was built in 1959,[ citation needed ] halfway up Mount Moiwa, to commemorate peace after World War II. It contains some of the ashes of the Buddha that were presented to the Emperor of Japan by Prime Minister Nehru in 1954. [ citation needed ] Another portion was presented to Mikhail Gorbachev by the Nipponzan-Myohoji monk, Junsei Terasawa. [ citation needed ]

Parks/gardens

Culture

Music

Art

Literature

Film

Video games

Events/festivals

Dancers in the Yosakoi Soran Festival YOSAKOI Soran Festival.jpg
Dancers in the Yosakoi Sōran Festival
Sapporo Snow Festival US Navy 060209-N-7526R-205 Illuminated trees and ice sculptures line the streets leading up to Sapporo's TV Tower during the Sapporo Ice Festival.jpg
Sapporo Snow Festival

February: the Sapporo Snow Festival The main site is at Odori Park, and other sites include Susukino (known as the Susukino Ice Festival) and Sapporo Satoland. Many of the snow and ice statues are built by members of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. [34]

May: the Sapporo Lilac Festival. Lilac was brought to Sapporo in 1889 by an American educator, Sarah Clara Smith. At the festival, people enjoy the flowers, wine and live music.

June: the Yosakoi Soran Festival. The sites of the festival are centered on Odori Park and the street leading to Susukino, and there are other festival sites. In the festival, many dance teams dance to music composed based on a Japanese traditional song, "Sōran Bushi". Members of the dancing teams wear special costumes and compete on the roads or stages constructed on the festival sites. In 2006, 350 teams were featured with around 45,000 dancers, and over 1,860,000 people visited the festival. [34]

The Sapporo Summer Festival. People enjoy drinking at the beer garden in Odori Park and on the streets of Susukino. This festival consists of a number of fairs such as Tanuki Festival and Susukino Festival. [34]

September: the Sapporo Autumn Festival

December: Christmas market in Odori Park, similar to German Christmas markets.

From November through January, many citizens enjoy the Sapporo White Illuminations.

Cuisine

Soup curry Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg
Soup curry

The city is home to Sapporo Brewery, white chocolate biscuits known as 'shiroi koibito' (白い恋人), and also as the birthplace of miso ramen. [35] Kouraku Ramen Meitengai, in the Susukino district, is an alley lined with many miso ramen restaurants, since 1951. After its demolition, due to plans for the Sapporo Olympics, the Ganso Sapporo Ramen Yokocho was established in its place. It attracts many tourists throughout the year. [35] From the year 1966, a food company named, Sanyo Foods, began to sell instant ramen under the brand name, "Sapporo Ichiban".

Haskap, a local variety of edible honeysuckle, similar to blueberries, is a specialty in Sapporo. Other specialty dishes of Sapporo include; soup curry, a soupy curry made with vegetables and chicken, sometimes other meats too, and jingisukan, a barbecued lamb dish, named after Genghis Khan. Sapporo Sweets, is a confectionery using many ingredients from Hokkaido where there's also the Sapporo Sweets Competition held annually. [36] Sapporo is also well known for fresh seafood including salmon, sea urchin and crab. Crab in particular is famed. Many types of crab are harvested and served seasonally in Sapporo like the horsehair crab, snow crab, king crab, and Hanasaki crab, with numerous dishes revolving around them. [37]

Sports

The Sapporo Dome in winter SapporoDome2004-2.jpg
The Sapporo Dome in winter

The Sapporo Dome was constructed in 2001 and is currently host to the local professional football team, Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo.

ES CON Field Hokkaido (エスコンフィールド北海道, Esukon Fīrudo Hokkaidō), a baseball park in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido, is home to Nippon Professional Baseball's Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters and opened in March 2023. From 2004 to 2022, the Fighters called Sapporo Dome home.

Winter sports

Sapporo was selected as host to the 5th Winter Olympics, scheduled for February 3 to 12, 1940; however Japan had to cancel the event, consequently handing the decision back to the IOC, after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937.

In 1972, Sapporo hosted the 11th Winter Olympics. Some structures built for Olympic events remain in use today, including the ski jumps at Miyanomori and Okurayama. After considering a bid for the 2026 Winter Olympics and the 2030 Winter Olympics, Olympic representatives in Sapporo have said that the city is considering a bid for the 2034 Winter Olympics. The city predicted it may cost as much as 456.5 billion yen ($4.3 billion) to host the games and is planning to have 90 percent of the facilities within half an hour of the Olympic village, according to a report published 12 May 2016. The Alpen course would be in Niseko, the world's second-snowiest resort, while the village would be next to the Sapporo Dome, the report said. [38] The plans were presented to the Japanese Olympic Committee on 8 November 2016. [39] [40] In 2002, Sapporo hosted three group matches of the FIFA World Cup at the Sapporo Dome. In 2006, Sapporo hosted some games of the 2006 Basketball World Championship and also for the 2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship. In 2007, Sapporo hosted the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships at the Sapporo Dome, Miyanomori ski jump, Okurayama ski jump, and the Shirahatayama cross-country course. It has been the host city to two Asian Winter Games and hosted the 2017 Asian Winter Games in Obihiro. Sapporo also hosted matches during the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

Skiing remains a major sport in Sapporo with almost all children skiing as a part of the school curriculum. Okurayama Elementary School is unusual in having its own ski hill and ski jumping hill on the school grounds. Within the city are commercial ski hills including Moiwayama, Bankeiyama, KobaWorld, Sapporo Teine and Fu's.

Many sports stadiums and domes are located in Sapporo, and some of them have been designated as venues of sports competitions. The Sapporo Community Dome, also known by its nickname "Tsu-Dome", has hosted the Golden Market, a huge flea market event which is usually held twice a year, along with some sports events. The Makomanai Ice Arena, in Makomanai Park, was one of the venues of the Sapporo Olympics in 1972. It was renamed the Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena in 2007, when Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., acquired naming rights and renamed the arena after their real estate brand. [41] Other large sports venues include the Makomanai Open Stadium, Tsukisamu Dome, Maruyama Baseball Stadium, and the Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center, which hosts the professional basketball team, Levanga Hokkaido.

Toyota Big Air was a major international snowboarding event held annually in Sapporo Dome.

Professional sport teams

ClubSportLeagueVenueEstablished
Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters Baseball Nippon Professional Baseball Es Con Field Hokkaido 2004
Levanga Hokkaido Basketball B.League Division 1 Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center,
Tsukisamu Dome
2006
Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo Football (soccer) J2 League Sapporo Atsubetsu Park Stadium,
Sapporo Dome
1996

Education

The Sapporo Clock Tower, formerly a part of Hokkaido University in the 19th century Sapporo clock tower.JPG
The Sapporo Clock Tower, formerly a part of Hokkaido University in the 19th century
Hokkaido University Hokkaido Univ./Bei Da Nong Xue Bu  - panoramio.jpg
Hokkaido University
Sapporo Odori High School Sapporo Odori High School.JPG
Sapporo Odori High School

Universities

National

See Japanese national university

Public
Private

Primary and secondary schools

There are 198 municipal elementary schools, and 98 municipal junior high schools in Sapporo. Sapporo Odori High School provides Japanese-language classes to foreign and Japanese returnee students, and the school has special admissions quotas for these groups. [42]

The city has two private international schools:

Twin towns and sister cities

Sister cities

International

Sapporo has twinning relationships with several cities worldwide. [43] [44]

City Country State Since
Portland Flag of the United States.svg United States Oregon November 17, 1959
Munich Flag of Germany.svg Germany Bavaria August 28, 1972
Shenyang Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China Liaoning November 18, 1980
Denver Flag of the United States.svg United States Colorado September 1982
Novosibirsk Flag of Russia.svg Russia Novosibirsk Oblast June 13, 1990
Daejeon Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea South Chungcheong October 22, 2010

Sapporo also cooperates with:

City Country State
Balikpapan Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia East Kalimantan
Brisbane Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Queensland
Davao City Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines Davao Region
Seattle Flag of the United States.svg United States Washington

Domestic

City Prefecture Region Since
Hamamatsu Flag of Shizuoka Prefecture.svg Shizuoka Chūbu region May 14, 2009
Matsumoto Flag of Nagano Prefecture.svg Nagano September 6, 2010
Kagoshima Flag of Kagoshima Prefecture.svg Kagoshima Kyūshū region November 16, 2013

See also

Notes

  1. English pronunciation: /səˈpɔːr,ˈsɑːpr/ , US also /sɑːˈpɔːr/ .

References

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