Satellite town

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A satellite town or satellite city is a concept in urban planning that refers essentially to smaller metropolitan areas that are located close to, but are mostly independent of larger metropolitan areas. The satellite city is too far from the urban core to be considered part of the metropolitan area.

Urban planning technical and political process concerned with the use of land and design of the urban environment

Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks. Urban planning deals with physical layout of human settlements. The primary concern is the public welfare, which includes considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment, as well as effects on social and economic activities. Urban planning is considered an interdisciplinary field that includes social engineering and design sciences. It is closely related to the field of urban design and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings and other urban areas. Urban planning is also referred to as urban and regional planning, regional planning, town planning, city planning, rural planning, urban development or some combination in various areas worldwide.

Metropolitan area region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated but economically-linked surroundings

A metropolitan area is a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metro area usually comprises multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts, states, and even nations like the eurodistricts. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions. Metropolitan areas include one or more urban areas, as well as satellite cities, towns and intervening rural areas that are socioeconomically tied to the urban core, typically measured by commuting patterns. In the United States, the concept of the metropolitan statistical area has gained prominence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of larger megalopolises.

Contents

Characteristics

Satellite cities are small or medium-sized cities near a large metropolis, that:

Metropolis very large and significant city or urban area usually with millions of inhabitants

A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. The term is Ancient Greek (μητρόπολις) and means the "mother city" of a colony, that is, the city which sent out settlers. This was later generalized to a city regarded as a center of a specified activity, or any large, important city in a nation.

Commuter town urban community that is primarily residential, from which most of the workforce commutes out

A commuter town is a populated area with residents who normally work elsewhere, but in which they live, eat and sleep. The term additionally implies a community that has little commercial or industrial activity beyond a small amount of locally oriented retail business.

Quick reference

In the United States, the easiest way to tell if a community is a satellite city or some other type of development (see below) is to refer to the List of United States urban areas, to see if it has its own independent urbanized area or is considered to be part of the urbanized area of its larger neighbor. This rule has exceptions, but should generally be followed.

United States Federal republic in North America

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States or America, is a country comprising 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the most populous city is New York City. Most of the country is located contiguously in North America between Canada and Mexico.

Satellite cities versus other types of settlement

Satellite cities are different from and are sometimes confused with the following related patterns of development.

Suburbs

Satellite cities differ from suburbs in that they have distinct employment bases, commutersheds, and cultural offerings from the central metropolis, as well as an independent municipal government. Satellite cities are not bedroom communities.

Suburb Human settlement that is part of or near to a larger city

A suburb is a mixed-use or residential area, existing either as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city. In most English-speaking countries, suburban areas are defined in contrast to central or inner-city areas, but in Australian English and South African English, suburb has become largely synonymous with what is called a "neighborhood" in other countries and the term extends to inner-city areas. In some areas, such as Australia, India, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and parts of the United States and Canada, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities. In others, such as Saudi Arabia, France, and much of the United States and Canada, many suburbs remain separate municipalities or are governed as part of a larger local government area such as a county. In the United States, beyond the suburbs are exurbs, or "exurban areas", with less density but linked to the metropolitan area economically and by commuters.

Edge cities

Satellite cities differ from edge cities, which are suburbs with large employment bases and cultural offerings, in that satellite cities must have a true historic downtown, a distinct independent municipal government, existed as a city prior to becoming interconnected with the larger metropolitan core, and are surrounded by both their own family of bedroom communities and a belt of rural land between themselves and the central city.[ citation needed ]

Edge city

"Edge city" is term that originated in the United States for a concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment outside a traditional downtown in what had previously been a suburban residential or rural area. The term was popularized by the 1991 book Edge City: Life on the New Frontier by Joel Garreau, who established its current meaning while working as a reporter for The Washington Post. Garreau argues that the edge city has become the standard form of urban growth worldwide, representing a 20th-century urban form unlike that of the 19th-century central downtown. Other terms for these areas include suburban activity centers, megacenters, and suburban business districts. These districts have now developed in many countries.

Downtown citys core or central business district (CBD) in North America

Downtown is a term primarily used in North America by English-speakers to refer to a city's commercial, cultural and often the historical, political and geographic heart, and is often synonymous with its central business district (CBD). In British English, the term "city centre" is most often used instead. The two terms are used interchangeably in Canada.

Conceptually, both satellite cities and some types of edge city could be (and once were) self-sufficient communities outside of their larger metropolitan areas, but have become interconnected due to the suburban expansion of the larger metropolis. However, while edge cities may have their own government and share many characteristics with satellite cities, they are much more physically integrated with the core city and would not exist in anything like their present form if not for the suburban expansion of their larger neighbor. Edge cities are activity nodes within a metro area, not miniature metro areas themselves.

Some satellite cities that are particularly close or well connected to their larger neighbors and/or have their own historic downtown may also qualify as the uptown variety of edge cities, but the terms are not synonymous.

Multi-polar cities

In some cases large metropolitan areas have multiple centers of close to equal importance. These multi-polar cities are often referred to as twin cities. Multi-polar cities differ from satellite cities in such cases :

For example, Fort Worth, Texas is a twin of Dallas, Texas because though Fort Worth is somewhat smaller, it is proportionally close enough and physically integrated enough with Dallas to be considered a twin rather than a satellite. Generally speaking, cities that are listed as being part of the same urbanized area should be considered twins, rather than one having a satellite relationship to the other.

Metropolitan areas

Conceptually, satellite cities are miniature metro areas on the fringe of larger ones. Satellite cities are sometimes listed as part of the larger metro area, and sometimes listed as totally independent. In the United States, satellite cities are often (but not always) listed as independent Metropolitan Statistical Areas within a single Combined Statistical Area that is unified with the larger metropolis.

Examples

Argentina

Australia

Bangladesh

Belarus

Brazil

Cambodia

Canada

Croatia

Egypt

Greece

India

Sec V Office towers, Kolkata, India. Omega & Infinity Benchmark.jpg
Sec V Office towers, Kolkata, India.
Hiranandani Meadows Thane, India. Hiranandani Meadows Thane.jpg
Hiranandani Meadows Thane, India.
Hitech city, Hyderabad, India. Hitech city.jpg
Hitech city, Hyderabad, India.
Cyber gate way high-tech IT park Hyderabad, India. Cybergatewayhiteccityhyderabad.jpg
Cyber gate way high-tech IT park Hyderabad, India.

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Japan

Malaysia

Mexico

New Zealand

Statistics New Zealand defines a satellite urban community as one where 20 percent or more of the resident population's work in a main urban area (30,000 or more). The following towns meet this criterion: [4]

Pakistan

Poland

Russia

Serbia

Singapore

South Korea

Taiwan

Skyline of Banqiao District, New Taipei City Banqiao skyline.jpg
Skyline of Banqiao District, New Taipei City
Skyline of Tamsui District Cong Ba Li Zuo An Zi Xing Che Dao Tiao Wang Jie Yun Dan Shui Zhan . - panoramio (1).jpg
Skyline of Tamsui District

Turkey

Satellites of İstanbul:

Satellites of Ankara:

Satellite of İzmir:

United Kingdom

United States

Vietnam

See also

General
Planning

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References

  1. 1 2 Hasnat, Md. Mehedi; Hoque, Md. Shamsul (February 2016). "Developing Satellite Towns: A Solution to Housing Problem or Creation of New Problems" (PDF). International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 8 (1): 50–56. doi:10.7763/IJET.2016.V8.857 . Retrieved 13 January 2016.[ permanent dead link ]
  2. 1 2 Mahmud, Abu Hayat (26 January 2014). "Rajuk's big projects facing several hurdles". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  3. ↑ "NCR Region of Delhi: Gurgaon, sonepat, Noida, Faridabad & Ghaziabad Shakuntala Parkwork=delhicapital.com". Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
  4. ↑ "New Zealand: An Urban/Rural Profile" (PDF). Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 26 June 2015.

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