The politics of Nepal functions within the framework of a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his/her cabinet, while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
The shadow cabinet or shadow ministry is a feature of the Westminster system of government. It consists of a senior group of opposition spokespeople who, under the leadership of the Leader of the Opposition, form an alternative cabinet to that of the government, and whose members shadow or mirror the positions of each individual member of the Cabinet. Their areas of responsibility, in parallel with the ruling party's ministries, may be referred to as a shadow portfolio. Members of a shadow cabinet have no executive power. It is the shadow cabinet's responsibility to scrutinise the policies and actions of the government, as well as to offer alternative policies. The shadow cabinet makes up the majority of the Official Opposition frontbench, as part of frontbenchers in the parliament.
The Nepali Congress is the largest social-democratic political party in Nepal. Presently, it is the governing party in July 2021. The Nepali Congress remains the largest party of Nepal by popular votes and membership.
The Communist Party of Nepal , abbreviated CPN (UML), is one of the major communist parties in Nepal since its formation in January 1991, merging the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist). At today's date, it is the largest opposition party of Nepal.
The Cabinet of Australia is the executive branch of the government of Australia and is the council of senior ministers of the Crown, responsible to Parliament. Ministers are appointed by the Governor-General, on the advice of the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the cabinet. Cabinet meetings are strictly private and occur once a week where vital issues are discussed and policy formulated. The Cabinet is also composed of a number of Cabinet committees focused on governance and specific policy issues. Outside the Cabinet there is an Outer Ministry and also a number of Assistant Ministers, responsible for a specific policy area and reporting directly to a senior Cabinet minister of their portfolio. The Cabinet, the Outer Ministry, and the Assistant Ministers collectively form the full Commonwealth Ministry of the government of the day.
Sher Bahadur Deuba is a Nepali politician serving as the Prime Minister of Nepal since 13 July 2021. He has previously served four terms as the prime minister and is the Member of Parliament for the parliamentary constituency of Dadeldhura–1. He has been the president of the Nepali Congress since 2016.
The Liberal Democrats are a political party in the United Kingdom. While in opposition, the Leader of the Liberal Democrats appoints a frontbench team of Members of Parliament (MPs), Peers, Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) and Members of the Senedd (MSs), to speak for the party on different issues. Their areas of responsibility broadly corresponded to those of Government ministers. The frontbench team is divided into departmental sub-units, the principal ones being the economy, foreign policy, and home affairs. Sometimes the frontbench team consists of more than just the principal positions.
General elections were held in Nepal on 15 November 1994 to elect the Nepal House of Representatives. The election took place after the previous Nepali Congress government collapsed and King Birenda called new elections. The results saw the Communist Party of Nepal win the most seats in the House of Representatives and Man Mohan Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority government.
The Nepal Communist Party, abbreviated NCP was founded on 17 May 2018, from the unification of two leftist parties, Communist Party of Nepal and Communist Party of Nepal. The unification was completed by the Party Unification Coordination Committee, after eight months of negotiation. The two predecessor parties subsequently dissolved, making way for the new united party. The party retained the electoral symbol of the CPN, the sun.
Rabindra Prasad Adhikari was a Nepali politician and three time parliamentarian, belonging to the Nepal Communist Party(NCP). He was Minister of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation from 16 March 2018 until his death in a helicopter crash. He was the Kaski District secretary of the party. In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election, Adhikari was elected from the Kaski-3 constituency, with 13,386 votes. In the 2013 Constituent Assembly election, he was re-elected from the Kaski-3 constituency, with 15,456 votes. in 2017, CPN-UML candidate Rabindra Adhikari won parliamentary elections from Kaski Constituency No 2. Representing the left alliance, Adhikari secured 27,207 votes to defeat Nepali Congress candidate Dev Raj Chalise, who got 18,661 votes. After his demise, His wife Bidya Bhattarai won Kaski Constituency-2 with a wide margin of 8,403 votes in the by-election. Bhattarai secured 24,394 votes while her nearest contender Khem Raj Poudel from main opposition Nepali Congress got 15,991. Likewise, Socialist Party's Dharma Raj Gurung got 1,922 votes. He authored the books Constituent Assembly, Democracy and Re-structuring.
Shailaja Acharya was a Nepali revolutionary, politician and diplomat. She was the first Nepali woman Minister of Water Resources, and the first Nepali woman deputy prime minister.
Natasha Wendy Anita MazzoneMP OSI is a South African politician who is currently serving as Chief Whip of the Official Opposition in the National Assembly of South Africa. She has been a Member of the National Assembly, representing the official opposition Democratic Alliance (DA), since 2009. She was the second Deputy Federal Council Chairperson of the DA and the party's spokesperson on state capture. Mazzone was Shadow Minister of Public Enterprises and Shadow Minister of Communications.
In Australian federal politics, the shadow cabinet is the opposition's equivalent to the federal cabinet. It comprises the most senior figures within the opposition, headed by the leader of the opposition as the counterpart to the prime minister of Australia.
Rastriya Prajantantra Party (Samyukta), literally the National Democratic Party (United) and abbreviated RPP (U), was a political party in Nepal. It was formed on 6 August 2017 by Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana after splitting from the Rastriya Prajatantra Party as the Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Democratic). On 31 January 2019, it merged with the Unified Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Nationalist), another splinter group of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, to form Samyukta.
Karma Ghale is a Nepali politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. He was elected under the proportional representation system from Nepali Congress, filling the reserved seat for indigenous groups. He is also a member of the Women and Social Welfare Committee of the House. In the parliamentary shadow cabinet of Nepali Congress, the main opposition party, he is a member of the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Supplies.
Laxmi Pariyar is a Nepali politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. She was elected under the proportional representation system from Nepali Congress. She leads the Ministry of Land Reform in the Nepali Congress shadow cabinet.
Mina Subba is a Nepali politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. She was elected under the proportional representation system from Nepali Congress, filling the reserved seat for women and indigenous groups. She is a member of the House Public Accounts Committee. She is also a member of the Ministry of Water Supply in the shadow cabinet formed by the main opposition party, Nepali Congress.
Pramila Rai is a Nepali politician and an incumbent member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. She was also elected to the first constituent assembly in 2008. Daughter of prominent Nepali Congress leader Bal Bahadur Rai, she joined politics as a student, as a member of the student wing of Nepali Congress. Both her elections to the constituent assembly in 2008 and to the House of Representatives in 2017 were under the proportional representation system. An influential party leader in Udayapur District, she contested the second constituent assembly election from Udayapur-2 constituency under the first-past-the-post system but was defeated.
The First Federal Parliament of Nepal, consisting of the House of Representatives and the National Assembly, was elected via the 2017 legislative, provincial and local elections. 165 members were elected via first-past-the-post system and 110 through the proportional representation system to form the 275-member House of Representatives for a five-year term. On 7 February 2018, the provincial electoral colleges, composed of provincial assembly members elected in the provincial elections and chairs and deputy-chairs of local administrative units elected in the local elections, elected eight members each, for a total of 56 elected members, and three more were appointed by the President as nominated by the government, to form the 59 member National Assembly. The National Assembly members drew lots to determine the thirds whose terms would be of two, four and six years respectively. On 23 January 2020, the National Assembly electoral college met for the second time to elect 18 of the 19 Class I members. The House of Representatives was dissolved on 20 December 2020 by President Bidya Devi Bhandari on the request of Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli's cabinet. The House was reinstated on 24 February 2021 following a decision by the Supreme Court of Nepal. The House of Representatives was again dissolved on 22 May 2021 by President Bidya Devi Bhandari.
Baxolile Babongile Nodada is a South African politician for the Democratic Alliance who has been a Member of Parliament since 2019, and the Shadow Minister of Basic Education and the Parliamentary Counsellor to the Leader of the Opposition in John Steenhuisen's Shadow Cabinet since 2020.
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