Southwark (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Southwark
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
County London
1295–1885
Number of membersTwo
Replaced by Bermondsey
Rotherhithe
Southwark West
Created from Surrey (part of)
1950–1974 (1974)
Number of membersOne
Replaced by Bermondsey (abolished 1983)
Peckham (abolished 1997)
Dulwich (absorbed small parts) (abolished 1997)
Created from Southwark Central, Southwark North and Southwark South East
Southwark in London, 1868-85 Southwark1868.png
Southwark in London, 1868–85
Southwark in London, 1950-74 Southwark1950.png
Southwark in London, 1950–74

Southwark ( /ˈsʌðərk/ ( Loudspeaker.svg listen ) SUDH-ərk) [1] was a constituency centred on the Southwark district of South London. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the English Parliament from 1295 to 1707, to the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and to the UK Parliament until its first abolition for the 1885 general election. A seat of the same name, covering a smaller area than the last form of the earlier seat in the west of the original and beyond its boundaries to the southwest, was created in 1950 and abolished in 1974.

Contents

In its last creation the seat's broad electorate heavily supported the three successive Labour candidates, who won Southwark with a majority of greater than 36% of the votes cast at its eight elections – an extremely safe seat.

Creation, boundaries, abolition

First creation – or Southwark dual-member constituency

The constituency was created in 1295 as a parliamentary borough (also known as burgh) when its electorate was restricted to the owners of certain properties in its main streets of its burgage, returning two 'burgesses' as they were sometimes called. Its electorate was expanded to a more standard franchise in 1832. In 1833 the electorate was 4,775 adult males and this had risen to 23,472 by 1880. [2]

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 replaced the two-member constituency with the seats West Southwark, Rotherhithe and Bermondsey. [3]

Second creation – or Southwark seat

A seat taking the old constituency name was established for the 1950 general election. Its boundaries were unaltered in the 1955 corrective review and it was abolished for the February 1974 general election.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1295–1640

ParliamentFirst memberSecond member
1386 [4] Henry Thymelby William Beeche
1388 (Feb) [4] John Northampton William Porter
1388 (Sep) [4] Roger Chandler Richard atte Vine
1390 (Jan) [4] William Wintringham John Mucking
1390 (Nov)
1391 [4] William Spalding Walter Segrave
1393 [4] John Solas Thomas Solas
1394
1395 [4] John Solas John Mucking
1397 (Jan) [4] Thomas atte Gill John Mucking
1397 (Sep) [4] William Derby John Mucking
1399 [4] Ralph Spalding John Parker
1401
1402 [4] John Gofaire John Mucking
1404 (Jan)
1404 (Oct)
1406 [4] John Baker Thomas Spencer
1407 [4] Thomas Colman John Deken
1410
1411
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May) [4] William Horton Thomas Spencer
1414 (Apr) [4] John William John Welles
1414 (Nov) [4] John Solas William Kirton
1415 [4] William Redstone Thomas Spencer
1416 (Mar) [4] John Solas John Mucking
1416 (Oct)
1417 [4] William Kirton John Deken
1419 [4] Robert William John Welles
1420 [4] William Kirton John Deken
1421 (May) [4] William Redstone John Deken
1421 (Dec) [4] Thomas Dewy Thomas Lucas
1510–1523 [5] No names known
1529 [5] Sir John Shilston, died 1530 Robert Acton
1536 [5] Thomas Bulla  ?
1539 [5] Sir Richard Long Robert Acton
1542 [5] Robert Acton Thomas Bulla
1545 [5]  ? William Gyllam
1547 [5] Sir John Gates,
repl. by Jan 1552 by John Sayer 		Richard Fulmerston
1553 (Mar) [5] John Eston John Sayer
1553 (Oct) [5] Humphrey Colet John Sayer
1554 (Apr) [5] John Eston John Sayer
1554 (Nov) [5] John Eston John Sayer
1555 [5] John Eston Humphrey Colet
1558 [5] John Eston Robert Freeman
1559 [6] John Eston Robert Freeman
1562–3 [6] Thomas Cure Oliffe Burr
1571 [6] Thomas Cure William Wilson
1572 [6] Oliffe Burr Thomas Way
1584 [6] Thomas Way Richard Hutton
1586 [6] Thomas Cure Richard Hutton
1588–9 [6] Richard Hutton William Pratt
1593 [6] Hugh Browker Richard Hutton
1597 [6] Edmund Bowyer Richard Hutton
1601 [6] Mathew Dale Zachariah Locke
1604–1611 Sir George Rivers William Counden
1614 Edward Coxe Richard Yarward
1621 Richard Yarward Robert Bromfield
1624 Richard Yarward Robert Bromfield
1625 Richard Yarward William Coxe
1626 Richard Yarward William Coxe
1628 Richard Yarward William Coxe
1629–1640No Parliaments summoned

MPs 1640–1885

ElectionFirst MemberFirst PartySecond MemberSecond Party
April 1640 Robert Holborne Richard Tuffnell
November 1640 Edward Bagshawe Royalist John White [7] Parliamentarian
January 1644Bagshawe disabled from sitting – seat vacant
1645 George Thomson George Snelling
1653Southwark was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654 Samuel Highland Robert Warcup
1656 Peter De La Noy
January 1659 George Thomson Andrew Brewer
April 1660 John Langham Sir Thomas Bludworth
1661 George Moore
1666 Sir Thomas Clarges
1679 Sir Richard How Peter Rich
1685 Sir Peter Daniel Anthony Bowyer
1689 John Arnold Sir Peter Rich
1690 Anthony Bowyer
1695 Sir Charles Cox Whig
1698 John Cholmley Whig
January 1712 Edmund Halsey [8]
February 1712 Sir George Matthews
1713 John Lade Tory Fisher Tench [9] Whig
1722 George Meggott Edmund Halsey Whig
1724 by-election [10] John Lade Tory
1727 Sir Joseph Eyles Whig
1730 by-election [11] Thomas Inwen
1734 George Heathcote Tory
1741 Ralph Thrale
1743 by-election [12] Alexander Hume
1747 William Belchier
1754 William Hammond
1761 Joseph Mawbey [13] Alexander Hume
1765 by-election [14] Henry Thrale Pro-Government Chathamite/Northite
1774 Nathaniel Polhill Radical
1780 Sir Richard Hotham
1782 by-election [15] Henry Thornton Tory [16]
April 1784 Sir Barnard Turner Independent [16]
June 1784 by-election [17] Paul Le Mesurier Tory [16]
May 1796 George Woodford Thellusson [18] Tory [16]
December 1796 by-election [18] George Tierney Whig [16]
1806 Sir Thomas Turton, Bt Tory [16]
1812 Charles Calvert Whig [16]
1815 by-election [19] Charles Barclay Tory [16]
1818 Sir Robert Wilson Radical [16]
Aug 1830 John Rawlinson Harris Whig [16]
Nov 1830 by-election [20] Charles Calvert Whig [16]
1831 William Brougham Whig [16] [21]
1832 John Humphery Whig [22] [16]
1835 Daniel Whittle Harvey Radical [16] [23]
1840 by-election [24] Benjamin Wood Whig [16] [25] [26]
1845 by-election [27] Sir William Molesworth Radical [28] [29]
1852 Apsley Pellatt Radical [30] [31]
1855 by-election Sir Charles Napier Radical [30] [32]
1857 John Locke Radical [33]
1859 Liberal Liberal
1860 by-election [34] Austen Henry Layard Liberal
1870 by-election [35] Marcus Beresford Conservative
1880 by-election [36] Edward Clarke Conservative
1880 Arthur Cohen Liberal Thorold Rogers Liberal
1885 constituency abolished: creating all of Bermondsey, Rotherhithe and Southwark West

MPs 1950–1974

ElectionMemberParty
1950 George Isaacs Labour
1959 Ray Gunter Labour
1972 by-election Harry Lamborn Labour
Feb 1974 constituency abolished

Election results

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Southwark [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Rawlinson Harris 1,664 40.7
Radical Robert Wilson 1,434 35.0
Whig Charles Calvert 99524.3
Majority2305.7N/A
Whig hold Swing
Majority43910.7N/A
Turnout 2,635
Radical hold Swing

Harris' death caused a by-election.

By-election November 1830: Southwark [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Charles Calvert 1,066 62.4 −2.6
Tory Thomas Farncomb64337.6New
Majority42324.8+19.1
Turnout 1,709
Whig hold Swing N/A
General election 1831: Southwark [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Charles Calvert Unopposed
Whig William Brougham Unopposed
Whig hold
Whig gain from Radical
General election 1832: Southwark [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig William Brougham 2,264 45.2 N/A
Whig John Humphery 1,708 34.1 N/A
Whig Lancelot Baugh Allen [38] 1,04020.8N/A
Radical Thomas Lamie Murray [39] 00.0New
Majority66813.3N/A
Turnout 2,81058.8N/A
Registered electors 4,775
Whig hold Swing N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A
General election 1835: Southwark [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Humphery Unopposed
Radical Daniel Whittle Harvey Unopposed
Registered electors 5,249
Whig hold
Radical gain from Whig
General election 1837: Southwark [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Humphery 1,941 41.1 N/A
Radical Daniel Whittle Harvey 1,927 40.9 N/A
Conservative John Richards84718.0New
Conservative Benjamin Harrison20.0New
Turnout 2,89852.9N/A
Registered electors 5,477
Majority140.2N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A
Majority1,08022.9N/A
Radical hold Swing N/A

Harvey was appointed a registrar of Metropolitan Public Carriages, causing a by-election.

By-election, 27 February 1839: Southwark [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical Daniel Whittle Harvey Unopposed
Radical hold

Elections in the 1840s

Harvey resigned after being appointed a Commissioner of Police for the City of London, causing a by-election.

By-election, 24 January 1840: Southwark [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Benjamin Wood 2,059 57.3 +16.2
Conservative John Walter [40] 1,53542.7+24.7
Majority52414.6+14.3
Turnout 3,59471.2+18.3
Registered electors 5,047
Whig gain from Radical Swing −4.3
General election 1841: Southwark (2 seats) [37] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Humphery Unopposed
Whig Benjamin Wood Unopposed
Registered electors 5,124
Whig hold
Whig hold

Wood's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 12 September 1845: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical William Molesworth 1,943 55.9 New
Conservative Jeremiah Pilcher [41] 1,18234.0New
Radical Edward Miall [42] 35210.1New
Majority76121.9N/A
Turnout 3,47765.0N/A
Registered electors 5,353
Radical gain from Whig Swing N/A
General election 1847: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Humphery Unopposed
Radical William Molesworth Unopposed
Registered electors 7,989
Whig hold
Radical gain from Whig

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical William Molesworth 3,941 36.7 N/A
Radical Apsley Pellatt 3,887 36.2 N/A
Radical George Scovell [43] 2,90927.1N/A
Majority9789.1N/A
Turnout 5,369 (est)56.8 (est)N/A
Registered electors 9,458
Radical hold
Radical gain from Whig

Molesworth was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 1 January 1853: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical William Molesworth Unopposed
Radical hold

Molesworth was appointed Secretary of State for the Colonies, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 27 July 1855: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical William Molesworth Unopposed
Radical hold

Molesworth's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 20 November 1855: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical Charles Napier Unopposed
Radical hold
General election 1857: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical Charles Napier 3,991 39.4 +2.7
Radical John Locke 3,647 36.0 N/A
Radical Apsley Pellatt 2,49924.7−11.5
Majority1,14811.3+2.2
Turnout 5,069 (est)49.8 (est)−7.0
Registered electors 10,170
Radical hold
Radical hold
General election 1859: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Napier 4,446 38.9 −0.5
Liberal John Locke 4,255 37.2 +1.2
Liberal Apsley Pellatt 2,73023.9−0.8
Majority1,52513.3+2.0
Turnout 5,716 (est)53.9 (est)+4.1
Registered electors 10,606
Liberal hold
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1860s

Napier's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 12 December 1860: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Austen Henry Layard 4,572 57.5 N/A
Liberal George Scovell [44] 3,37742.5N/A
Majority1,19515.0+1.7
Turnout 7,94970.5+16.6
Registered electors 11,278
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Locke was appointed Recorder of Brighton, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 24 April 1861: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Locke Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election 1865: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Locke Unopposed
Liberal Austen Henry Layard Unopposed
Registered electors 11,631
Liberal hold
Liberal hold
General election 1868: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Locke 6,027 41.8 N/A
Liberal Austen Henry Layard 5,908 40.9 N/A
Conservative William Cotton 2,49517.3New
Majority3,41323.6N/A
Turnout 8,463 (est)47.8 (est)N/A
Registered electors 17,703
Liberal hold Swing N/A
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Layard was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 21 December 1868: Southwark [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Austen Henry Layard Unopposed
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1870s

Layard resigned after being appointed British ambassador to Spain.

By-election, 17 Feb 1870: Southwark (1 seat) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Marcus Beresford 4,686 38.9 +21.6
Lib-Lab George Odger 4,38236.4New
Liberal Sydney Waterlow 2,96624.6−58.1
Majority3042.5N/A
Turnout 12,03468.0+20.2
Registered electors 17,703
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +39.9
General election 1874: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Locke 5,901 32.4 −9.4
Conservative Marcus Beresford 5,716 31.3 +14.0
Lib-Lab George Odger 3,49619.2N/A
Liberal Andrew Dunn [45] 3,12117.1−23.8
Turnout 11,975 (est)58.6 (est)+10.8
Registered electors 23,472
Majority1851.1−22.5
Liberal hold Swing −8.2
Majority2,22012.2N/A
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +15.3

Elections in the 1880s

Locke's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 14 Feb 1880: Southwark (1 seat) [37] [46]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Edward Clarke 7,683 50.2 +18.9
Liberal Andrew Dunn6,83044.6−4.9
Lib-Lab George Shipton 7995.2−14.0
Majority8535.6N/A
Turnout 15,31265.2+6.6
Registered electors 23,472
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +11.9
General election 1880: Southwark (2 seats) [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Arthur Cohen 9,693 27.7 −4.7
Liberal Thorold Rogers 9,521 27.2 +10.1
Conservative Edward Clarke 8,16323.3+7.6
Conservative Mark Cattley [47] 7,67421.9+6.2
Majority1,3583.9+2.8
Turnout 17,526 (est)74.7 (est)+16.1
Registered electors 23,472
Liberal hold Swing −5.5
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +1.3

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1950: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour George Isaacs 35,04968.27
Conservative James Greenwood (MP)12,67124.68
Liberal Lionel Fowler2,9505.75
Communist Spencer John Bent6681.30
Majority22,37843.59
Turnout 51,33873.98
Labour win (new seat)
General election 1951: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour George Isaacs 36,58672.28
Conservative James Greenwood (MP)14,03227.72
Majority22,55444.56
Turnout 50,61872.32
Labour hold Swing
General election 1955: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour George Isaacs 28,17470.30
Conservative James Greenwood(MP)10,94427.31
Communist Spencer John Bent9592.39New
Majority17,23042.99
Turnout 40,07760.18
Labour hold Swing
General election 1959: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ray Gunter 25,03663.99
Conservative James Greenwood (MP)12,69632.45
Communist Spencer John Bent1,3953.57
Majority12,34031.54
Turnout 39,12763.37
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1964: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ray Gunter 22,42668.82
Conservative Anthony Paul R Noble8,56326.28
Communist Spencer John Bent1,5994.91
Majority13,86342.54
Turnout 32,58855.86
Labour hold Swing
General election 1966: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ray Gunter 21,85573.55
Conservative Anthony Paul Noble6,45421.72
Communist Spencer John Bent1,4044.73
Majority15,40151.83
Turnout 29,71354.03
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1970: Southwark
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ray Gunter 16,83467.33
Conservative Jeffrey Gordon7,04028.16
Communist Earle Hume1,1284.51
Majority9,79439.17
Turnout 25,00248.19
Labour hold Swing
1972 Southwark by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Harry Lamborn 12,10879.33+12.00
Conservative Jeffrey Gordon2,75618.06-10.10
Independent Brian McDermott3982.61New
Majority9,35261.27
Turnout 15,262
Labour hold Swing

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References

  1. ↑ "Southwark", in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (1952), New York: Columbia University Press.
  2. ↑ F.W.S. Craig (ed.), British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd, 1977)
  3. ↑ "The public general acts : Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. 10 June 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  7. ↑ Died January 1645; the writ to fill both vacancies was issued in August 1645
  8. ↑ On petition, Halsey was found not to have been duly elected, and a new election was held
  9. ↑ Created a baronet, August 1715
  10. ↑ The by-election in January 1724 was caused by death of George Meggott
  11. ↑ The by-election in January 1730 was caused by death of Edmund Halsey
  12. ↑ The by-election in June 1743 was caused by death of Thomas Inwen
  13. ↑ Mawbey was created a baronet in July 1765
  14. ↑ The by-election in December 1765 was caused by death of William Hammond
  15. ↑ The by-election in December 1782 was caused by death of Nathaniel Polhill
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 70–72.
  17. ↑ The by-election in June 1784 was caused by death of Sir Barnard Turner
  18. 1 2 Thellusson's election in May 1796 was declared void in November 1796; a by-election was held at which he was re-elected but he was found to be ineligible to sit and Tierney was declared elected in his place
  19. ↑ The by-election in February 1815 was caused by death of Henry Thornton
  20. ↑ The by-election in November 1830 was caused by death of John Rawlinson Harris
  21. ↑ Spencer, Howard (2009). "BROUGHAM, William (1795–1886), of 12 Old Buildings, Lincoln's Inn, Mdx". The History of Parliament.
  22. ↑ Spencer, Howard. "Southwark". The History of Parliament . Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  23. ↑ Fisher, David R. (2009). "HARVEY, Daniel Whittle (1786–1863), of Feering House, Kelvedon, Essex and 7 Great George Street, Mdx". The History of Parliament.
  24. ↑ The by-election in January 1840 was caused by the resignation of Daniel Whittle Harvey
  25. ↑ "Southwark" . Dublin Morning Register. 27 January 1840. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  26. ↑ "Southwark Election" . Cambridge Independent Press. 25 January 1840. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  27. ↑ The by-election in September 1845 was caused by the death of Benjamin Wood
  28. ↑ "Newcastle Journal" . 6 September 1845. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  29. ↑ "The Elections—Sunderland and Southwark" . Coventry Herald. 5 September 1845. p. 4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  30. 1 2 Steele, E. D. (1991). "At home". Palmerston and Liberalism, 1855–1865. Cambridge University Press. pp. 72, 118. ISBN   9780521400459.
  31. ↑ Weinstein, Benjamin (2011). Liberalism and Local Government in Early Victorian London. Boydell and Brewer. p. 91. ISBN   9780861933129.
  32. ↑ Hicks, Geoff; Charmley, John; Grosvenor, Bendor, eds. (2012). "The Second Derby Government". Documents on Conservative Foreign Policy, 1852–1878. Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN   9781107035928.
  33. ↑ Hawkins, Angus (2015). "Shooting Niagara". Victorian Political Culture: 'habits of Heart and Mind' (Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 259. ISBN   9780198728481.
  34. ↑ The by-election in December 1860 was caused by the death of Sir Charles Napier
  35. ↑ The by-election in February 1870 was caused by the resignation of Austen Henry Layard
  36. ↑ The by-election in December 1880 was caused by the death of John Locke
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885(e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 16–17. ISBN   978-1-349-02349-3.{{cite book}}: |format= requires |url= (help)
  38. ↑ "London and Suburbs Elections" . Cobbett's Weekly Political Register. 15 December 1832 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  39. ↑ "Southwark" . Morning Post. 10 December 1832. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  40. ↑ "Southwark Election" . Evening Mail. 20 January 1840. p. 6 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  41. ↑ "Southwark Election" . Globe. 2 September 1845. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  42. ↑ "Belfast Commercial Chronicle" . 15 September 1845. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  43. ↑ "Election Intelligence" . Reynold's Weekly Newspaper . 4 July 1852. p. 14 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  44. ↑ "Scovell" . Morning Advertiser . 20 November 1860. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  45. ↑ "Southwark Election" . Daily Telegraph & Courier . 28 January 1874. p. 9 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  46. ↑ "For the representation of Southwark" . Illustrated London News . 14 February 1880. p. 10 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  47. ↑ "General Election". John Bull . 20 March 1880. p. 5.

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