Southwest Finland Finland Proper | |
---|---|
Region of Finland Proper Varsinais-Suomen maakunta Landskapet Egentliga Finland | |
![]() Finland Proper on a map of Finland | |
Country | Finland |
Historical province | Finland Proper |
Capital | Turku |
Other towns | Kaarina, Laitila, Loimaa, Naantali, Paimio, Pargas, Raisio, Salo, Somero and Uusikaupunki |
Area | |
• Total | 10,910.05 km2 (4,212.39 sq mi) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 485,567 |
• Density | 45/km2 (120/sq mi) |
GDP | |
• Total | €16.219 billion (2015) |
• Per capita | €34,252 (2015) |
Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
ISO 3166 code | FI-19 |
NUTS | 183 |
Regional animal | Red fox |
Regional bird | Western jackdaw |
Regional fish | Baltic herring |
Regional flower | Oak |
Regional stone | Red granite |
Regional lake | Pyhäjärvi |
Website | varsinais-suomi.fi |
Southwest Finland is since 2019 [2] the official name in English for the region in the southwest of Finland hitherto known as Finland Proper. In Finnish and Swedish, the region still retains the previous name (Finnish : Varsinais-Suomi, IPA: [ˈʋɑrs̠inɑi̯s̠ˌs̠uo̞̯mi] ; Swedish : Egentliga Finland). It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), Uusimaa, and Åland. The region's capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki.
The area is largely the same as the historical province of Finland Proper, so named because it is the original home of the tribe known as the Finns proper.
The name of Finland Proper has a historical function. In historic times, in the area of the present Southern Finland lived three tribes, which were the Finns proper, the Tavastians and the Karelians. The southwestern part of the country, the province where the Finns proper lived, was simply called Finland (Finnish: Suomi). In the 17th century the name began to be used to refer to the whole land and a specified name for the lesser Finland was required. The first notes Fennigia specialiter dicta and Fennigia presse dicta were recorded in Latin in the 1650s, and the Swedish Finland för sig sielft and Egenteliga Finland later in the 18th century. The modern form Egentliga Finland was in official use at the end of the century, and the Finnish term Varsinais-Suomi became established only around the 1850s. [3]
Southwest Finland's nature differs from other regions. The most notable biotopes are the Archipelago Sea and groves. 80% of Finland's insect species can be found in Southwest Finland. [4] There are around 20,000 islands near the coast. [5]
The southernmost point of Southwest Finland and the southernmost inhabited island is Utö. [6] Its highest point is 164 meters in Kiikala. [7]
The region uses the coat of arms of the historical province of Finland Proper.
The region of Southwest Finland consists of 27 municipalities, 11 of which have city status (marked in bold).
Coat of arms | Municipality | Population | Land area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Finnish speakers | Swedish speakers | Other speakers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Aura | 3,955 | 95 | 42 | 97 % | 1 % | 3 % |
![]() | Kaarina | 36,538 | 151 | 243 | 88 % | 5 % | 6 % |
![]() | Koski Tl | 2,186 | 192 | 11 | 96 % | 0 % | 5 % |
![]() | Kimitoön | 6,394 | 687 | 9 | 30 % | 67 % | 4 % |
![]() | Kustavi | 952 | 166 | 6 | 93 % | 2 % | 5 % |
![]() | Laitila | 8,482 | 532 | 16 | 87 % | 0 % | 12 % |
![]() | Lieto | 20,633 | 301 | 69 | 94 % | 1 % | 5 % |
![]() | Loimaa | 15,333 | 848 | 18 | 95 % | 0 % | 6 % |
![]() | Marttila | 1,923 | 195 | 10 | 96 % | 1 % | 3 % |
![]() | Masku | 9,590 | 175 | 55 | 96 % | 1 % | 3 % |
![]() | Mynämäki | 7,506 | 520 | 14 | 95 % | 1 % | 4 % |
![]() | Naantali | 20,107 | 313 | 64 | 94 % | 1 % | 4 % |
![]() | Nousiainen | 4,664 | 199 | 23 | 96 % | 1 % | 3 % |
![]() | Oripää | 1,297 | 118 | 11 | 92 % | 1 % | 9 % |
![]() | Paimio | 11,252 | 239 | 47 | 94 % | 1 % | 5 % |
![]() | Pargas | 14,907 | 884 | 17 | 42 % | 54 % | 5 % |
![]() | Pyhäranta | 1,929 | 144 | 13 | 96 % | 1 % | 3 % |
![]() | Pöytyä | 8,024 | 750 | 11 | 95 % | 1 % | 5 % |
![]() | Raisio | 25,595 | 49 | 525 | 86 % | 1 % | 12 % |
![]() | Rusko | 6,405 | 127 | 50 | 96 % | 2 % | 3 % |
![]() | Salo | 50,890 | 1,987 | 26 | 91 % | 1 % | 8 % |
![]() | Sauvo | 2,961 | 253 | 12 | 91 % | 2 % | 7 % |
![]() | Somero | 8,439 | 668 | 13 | 94 % | 1 % | 5 % |
![]() | Taivassalo | 1,689 | 140 | 12 | 93 % | 1 % | 7 % |
![]() | Turku | 205,949 | 246 | 838 | 78 % | 5 % | 15 % |
![]() | Uusikaupunki | 14,873 | 503 | 30 | 92 % | 0 % | 8 % |
![]() | Vehmaa | 2,255 | 189 | 12 | 94 % | 0 % | 5 % |
Total | 494,728 | 9,097 | 54 | 84 % | 6 % | 10 % |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1980 | 406,360 | — |
1985 | 415,899 | +2.3% |
1990 | 425,282 | +2.3% |
1995 | 435,119 | +2.3% |
2000 | 447,103 | +2.8% |
2005 | 455,584 | +1.9% |
2010 | 465,183 | +2.1% |
2015 | 474,323 | +2.0% |
2018 | 478,582 | +0.9% |
2020 | 481,403 | +0.6% |
Source: Statistics Finland |
As of 2020, Southwest Finland had a population of 481,403, making it the third most populated Finnish region after Uusimaa and Pirkanmaa. 86.45% speak Finnish, 5.68% Swedish and 7.86% speak other languages, the most common being Russian, Estonian, Arabic, Kurdish and Albanian.
It has the most summer cottages out of any Finnish region, with 49,000 as of 2012. [8]
Significant foreign resident groups [9] | ||
---|---|---|
31 December 2020 | ||
1 | ![]() | 6,153 |
2 | ![]() | 4,092 |
3 | ![]() | 3,775 |
4 | ![]() | 2,934 |
5 | ![]() | 1,964 |
6 | ![]() | 1,807 |
7 | ![]() | 1,023 |
8 | ![]() | 960 |
9 | ![]() | 948 |
10 | ![]() | 914 |
11 | ![]() | 834 |
12 | ![]() | 816 |
13 | ![]() | 757 |
14 | ![]() | 669 |
15 | ![]() | 624 |
16 | ![]() | 555 |
17 | ![]() | 550 |
18 | ![]() | 511 |
19 | ![]() | 477 |
20 | ![]() | 458 |
Results of the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election in Southwest Finland:
Western Finland was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Oulu, Eastern Finland and Southern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Bothnia towards Åland. Tampere was the largest city of the province.
Ypäjä is a municipality located in the countryside of South-Western Finland. It belongs to the province of Southern Finland and the region of Tavastia Proper. The municipality has a population of 2,189 (31 October 2024) and covers an area of 183.25 square kilometres (70.75 sq mi) of which 0.5 km2 (0.19 sq mi) is water. The population density is 11.98 inhabitants per square kilometre (31.0/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Turku and Pori Province was a province of independent Finland from 1917 to 1997. The province was however founded as a county in 1634 when today's Finland was an integrated part of Sweden. It is named after the cities of Turku and Pori.
The former Province of Western Finland in Finland was divided into seven regions, 34 districts and 192 municipalities.
The 27 municipalities of the region of Southwest Finland in Finland are divided into five sub-regions.
Koski Tl is a municipality of Finland.
Loimaa is a town and municipality of Finland.
Marttila is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality has a population of 1,923 and covers an area of 195.99 square kilometres (75.67 sq mi) of which 0.71 km2 (0.27 sq mi) is water. The population density is 9.85 inhabitants per square kilometre (25.5/sq mi).
Mynämäki is a municipality of Finland located in the Southwest Finland region. Neighbouring municipalities are Aura, Eura, Laitila, Masku, Nousiainen, Pöytyä, Rusko, Taivassalo, Turku and Vehmaa.
Pöytyä is a municipality of Finland located in the Southwest Finland region.
Salo is a town in Finland, located in the southwestern interior of the country. The population of Salo is approximately 51,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 59,000. It is the 20th most populous municipality in Finland, and the 24th most populous urban area in the country.
Taivassalo is a municipality of Finland, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) from the city of Turku. It is located in the Southwest Finland region. The municipality has a population of 1,689 and covers an area of 217.68 square kilometres (84.05 sq mi) of which 77.23 km2 (29.82 sq mi) is water. The population density is 12.04 inhabitants per square kilometre (31.2/sq mi).
Vakka-Suomi is a sub-region within the Southwest Finland region. It consists of the town of Uusikaupunki and its surrounding municipalities of Kustavi, Laitila, Mietoinen, Mynämäki, Pyhäranta, Taivassalo and Vehmaa. This sub-region is in name only, without official government. The composition of the area is disputable, as communities within it have been and are merged into each other, even into ones that are not seen to belong into Vakka-Suomi. For example, Kalanti and Lokalahti are no longer their own municipalities, but a part of Uusikaupunki.
Turku sub-region is a subdivision of Southwest Finland in Finland. It is the third most populous sub-region in Finland with about 351,000 inhabitants after Helsinki and Tampere. The sub-regions are used for statistical purposes. Statistics Finland uses the term Turku sub-region as SK023 Turku.
Finnish national road 8 runs along the western coast of Finland. The road starts at Turku, continues to Vaasa and ends in the intersection with Finnish national road 4 in Liminka, 25 km south of Oulu. It constitutes much of the length of European route E8. Cities along the road are Rauma, Pori, Kristinestad, Närpes, Vaasa, Nykarleby, Kokkola and Raahe. From Liminka, the road continues to the same direction to Oulu as road 4; road 4 to Liminka intersects it from the left.
Finland has two official languages, Finnish and Swedish. Many places in the country have different names in Finnish and Swedish, both being official endonyms.
Finns proper are a historic people and a modern subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people. They live in the areas of the historical province of Finland Proper and Satakunta, and they speak Southwestern dialects of Finnish. The Finns proper have had strong connections to Scandinavia throughout their history.
Lokalahti is a village and a former municipality of Finland in the former Turku and Pori Province, now in the Finland Proper region. It was consolidated with the town of Uusikaupunki in 1981.
Turku metropolitan area or Turku region is the metropolitan area around the city of Turku in Finland. The joint municipal authority of the Turku city region consists of six municipalities: Turku, Kaarina, Lieto, Naantali, Raisio and Rusko. The Turku metropolitan area forms a compact, urban-like regional growth centre where people commute from a relatively large area of the Southwest Finland region.