St. James' Church, Barrow-in-Furness

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St. James' Church
St James' Church, Barrow.jpg
Basic information
Location Hindpool, Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England
Geographic coordinates 54°07′08″N3°14′01″W / 54.1190°N 3.2337°W / 54.1190; -3.2337 Coordinates: 54°07′08″N3°14′01″W / 54.1190°N 3.2337°W / 54.1190; -3.2337
Affiliation Church of England
Status Active
Heritage designation Grade II* listed building [1]
Website The Church of St James Barrow Bells Website
Architectural description
Architect(s) Edward Graham Paley [1]
Architectural style Gothic Revival
Completed 1869
Spire height 45.7 metres (150 ft)

St. James Church located on Blake Street in Barrow-in-Furness, belongs to the Church of England's Diocese of Carlisle within the ecclesiastical Province of York. The present church building dates from the mid-19th century and is Grade II* listed.

Barrow-in-Furness town and seaport in the county of Cumbria, England

Barrow-in-Furness, commonly known as Barrow, is a town and borough in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Lancashire, it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1867 and merged with Dalton-in-Furness Urban District in 1974 to form the Borough of Barrow-in-Furness. At the tip of the Furness peninsula, close to the Lake District, it is bordered by Morecambe Bay, the Duddon Estuary and the Irish Sea. In 2011, Barrow's population was 57,000, making it the second largest urban area in Cumbria after Carlisle, although it is geographically closer to the whole of Lancashire and most of Merseyside. Natives of Barrow, as well as the local dialect, are known as Barrovian.

Church of England Anglican state church of England

The Church of England is the established church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor. The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the third century, and to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury.

Diocese of Carlisle diocese in England

The Diocese of Carlisle was created in 1133 by Henry I out of part of the Diocese of Durham, although many people of Celtic descent in the area looked to Glasgow for spiritual leadership. The first bishop was Æthelwold, who was the king's confessor and became prior of the Augustinian priory at Nostell in Yorkshire. Carlisle was thus the only cathedral in England to be run by Augustinians instead of Benedictines. This only lasted until the reign of Henry III however, when the Augustinians in Carlisle joined the rebels who temporarily handed the city over to Scotland and elected their own bishop. When the revolt was ended, the Augustinians were expelled.

Contents

Background

St. James' was established in 1867 and construction of the building itself was completed in 1869, [2] [3] it was only the second Anglican church to be built in the rapidly growing town. With a capacity of over 1,000 worshipers, St. James' is the largest place of worship in the town; architecturally the building is also one of the most prominent features in the Barrow skyline. The spire of St. James' stands at 45.7 m (150 ft), while the length and breadth of the building come to 39 m (128 ft) and 18.3 m (60 ft) respectively. [4]

Anglicanism The practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England

Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that evolved out of the practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England following the Protestant Reformation.

The church also has a notable organ that was commissioned in 1837 to be designed and built by William Hill, [5] [6] and originally installed in the Chapel Royal of St. James's Palace, London. This fine organ would have been used for the wedding service on 10 February 1840 [1] between Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. In 1865 the organ was removed (to be replaced), the original organ completed a move to its current location in 1868, [1] and was rebuilt with a new action (and an additional 400 pipes) in 1884. Although heavily damaged in the 1941 Barrow Blitz during World War II, the church was re-opened in 1943.

The Chapel Royal is an establishment in the Royal Household serving the spiritual needs of the sovereign of the British royal family. Historically it was a body of priests and singers that travelled with the monarch. The term is now also applied to the chapels within royal palaces, most notably at Hampton Court and St James's Palace, and other chapels within the Commonwealth designated as such by the monarch.

Queen Victoria British monarch who reigned 1837–1901

Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. On 1 May 1876, she adopted the additional title of Empress of India.

Albert, Prince Consort husband of Queen Victoria

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was the husband of Queen Victoria.

Bell restoration

Extensive restoration during the 1990s has resulted in the building's current appearance. The tower contains a ring of 8 bells [7] cast in 1877 by John Warner and Sons bell foundry at Cripplegate. The bells stopped ringing in 1999 when the church roof and West window masonry were replaced. When the scaffolding was taken down, the bells were inspected and declared unsafe to ring. A major appeal to restore the bells was undertaken between 2008 and 2014, with the bells being cleaned, re-tuned, and rehung with a brand new frame and fittings at a lower position in the tower. [8] The heaviest bell now weighs 12cwt 0qtr 24 lb [7] (almost two thirds of a ton). The Rt. Revd. James Newcome (Bishop of Carlisle) rededicated the bells at a special service on Sunday 9 March 2014.

The ton is a unit of measure. It has a long history and has acquired a number of meanings and uses over the years. It is used principally as a unit of mass. Its original use as a measurement of volume has continued in the capacity of cargo ships and in terms such as the freight ton. It can also be used as a measure of energy, for truck classification, or as a colloquial term.

See also

There are 274 listed buildings in the Borough of Barrow-in-Furness, with about 70% in Barrow-in-Furness itself. The 2015 Heritage Index formed by the Royal Society of Arts and the Heritage Lottery Fund placed the Borough as seventh highest of 325 English districts with an especially high score relating to industrial heritage assets. The Barrow Island conservation area contains dozens of historic shipyard buildings and tenements, while numerous listed buildings can be found lining Abbey Road and Duke Street, which were designed as the principal north to south and east to west thoroughfares of the Victorian planned town. Despite many buildings and structures dating from this era, an abundance of listed buildings exist throughout the Borough that pre-date Barrow, in villages that were consumed by the rapidly expanding town. One notable example being Newbarns village which retains its original 18th century street layout. Significant clusters of listed buildings can be found around the ruins of the 12th-century Furness Abbey and Market Street, the Medieval centre of Dalton-in-Furness. The oldest listed building in Barrow is Furness Abbey, dated 1127 and the newest is the John Whinnerah Institute, completed in 1934.

  1. 1 2 3 4 Heritage Designation
  2. ↑ Genuki(St James the Great, Barrow)
  3. ↑ Built by Men of Steel by Vernon Bradley
  4. ↑ St James building
  5. ↑ National Pipe Organ Register
  6. ↑ Details of the Organ at St James the Great
  7. 1 2 Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers
  8. ↑ Barrow Bells Website
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