Early years (1830–70)
Étienne Philippe Théodore Tenaille-Saligny was born on 22 February 1830 in Clamecy, Nièvre. His parents were Jean-Baptiste Etienne Marie Tenaille de Saligny (1792–1872) and Aglaé Moret de Parzy (1804–1866). He studied at the Paris Faculty of Law, and was licensed in 1850. He travelled in Italy, Germany and Scandinavia. On 11 November 1850 he became a lawyer at the Paris Court of Appeal. [10] On 24 June 1856 in Paris he married Sidonie Arguiot (1837–1925). They had two daughters, Séverine (1860–1935) and Aglaë (1865–1950). He became a Freemason of the Grand Orient de France. He and his family later moved to the Château du parc Vauvert in Clamecy, former property of the Chabannes family. [10]
Clamecy is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.
The Grand Orient de France (GODF) is the largest of several Masonic organizations in France and is the oldest in Continental Europe. It is generally considered to be the mother lodge of traditional Liberal, or Continental Freemasonry.
On 24 July 1856 Tenaille-Saligny became a lawyer at the Council of State and the Court of Cassation, holding office until 1870. He was a convinced Republican and was involved in the "procès des 13" (trial of the thirteen) in August 1864. [lower-alpha 2] [10] From 5 June 1867 he contributed to the Impartial of Nièvre. [10] On 24 May 1869 he ran for election for the 3rd district of Nièvre as an independent candidate for the Corps législatif. He was defeated by M. Lepelletier d'Aunay(fr). In 1870 he resigned from the Court of Cassation.
In France, the Council of State is a body of the French national government that acts both as legal advisor of the executive branch and as the supreme court for administrative justice. Established in 1799 by Napoleon as a successor to the King's Council, it is located in the Palais-Royal in Paris and is primarily made up of top-level legal officers. The Vice President of the Council of State ranks 9th as the most important civil servant in France.
The Court of Cassation is one of the four courts of last resort in France. It has jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters triable in the judicial system, and is the supreme court of appeal in these cases. It has jurisdiction to review the law, and to certify questions of law, to determine miscarriages of justice. The Court is located in the Palace of Justice in Paris.
Nièvre is a department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the centre of France named after the River Nièvre.
Prefect and candidate (1870–79)
After the fall of the Second French Empire and declaration of the French Third Republic on 4 September 1870 Tenaille-Saligny was named mayor of the 1st arrondissement of Paris by Léon Gambetta, and was confirmed in this post in November 1870. He was a follower of the political views of Adolphe Thiers, and ran on his platform for election for Nièvre for the National Assembly on 8 February 1871, but was defeated.
The Second French Empire, officially the French Empire, was the regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.
The French Third Republic was the system of government adopted in France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 after France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government in France.
The 1st arrondissement of Paris is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is colloquially referred to as premier.
On 26 February 1871 Tenaille-Saligny was named Prefect of Nièvre. During his administration there were many lawsuits against Republicans. He ordered the arrest of 18 citizens at Cosne, who were taken to the Loiret Assize Court on charges of conspiracy in favor of the Paris Commune and given sentences ranging from six months to fifteen years in prison. On 12 July 1871 Tenaille-Saligny was appointed Prefect of Charente-Inférieure. When Thiers lost power on 24 May 1873 Tenaille-Saligny resigned from his position of prefect and returned to Paris. He was elected Paris municipal councilor for St Germain l'Auxerrois on 29 November 1874 and held office until he resigned on 20 March 1876. [10] On 30 January 1876 he ran unsuccessfully for the Senate in Nièvre. On 20 February 1876 he ran for the Chamber of Deputies for Clamecy, but was again defeated by M. Lepelletier d'Aunay.
Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.
Loiret is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of north-central France.
On 21 March 1876 Tenaille-Saligny was appointed Prefect of Pas-de-Calais. He appointed Gabriel Alapetite his chef de cabinet. Gabriel Alapetite had started practice as a lawyer in 1873 with Tenaille-Saligny as his political mentor. Tenaille-Saligny lost office in the 16 May 1877 crisis. He was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour on 14 August 1876. He was prefect of Haute-Garonne from 18 December 1877 until his resignation on 16 February 1879. [10] Alapetite was again his chef de cabinet in Haute-Garonne.
Gabriel Ferdinand Alapetite was a French senior civil servant and diplomat. From 1879 to 1906 he was sub-prefect or prefect of various departments of France. For eleven years from 1906 to 1918 he was Resident-General of France in Tunisia, where he initiated various administrative improvements. He considered that the Tunisian Muslims had an utterly different mentality from French people, and could never become citizens of France. He was violently antisemitic, and opposed recruiting Tunisian Jews during World War I (1914–18). After the war he was briefly French Ambassador in Madrid, then for four years administered Alsace-Lorraine, which had been returned from Germany to France.
The 16 May 1877 crisis was a constitutional crisis in the French Third Republic concerning the distribution of power between the President and the legislature. When the royalist President Patrice MacMahon dismissed the Opportunist Republican Prime Minister Jules Simon, the parliament on 16 May 1877 refused to support the new government and was dissolved by the President. New elections resulted in the royalists increasing their seat totals, but nonetheless resulted in a majority for the Republicans. Thus, the interpretation of the 1875 Constitution as a parliamentary system prevailed over a presidential system. The crisis ultimately sealed the defeat of the royalist movement, and was instrumental in creating the conditions of the longevity of the Third Republic.
The Legion of Honour is the highest French order of merit for military and civil merits, established in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte and retained by all later French governments and régimes.
Senator and death (1879–89)
On 5 January 1879 Tenaille-Saligny was elected Senator for Nièvre and joined the Republican Left group. He was also elected Nièvre general councilor for the canton of Varzy, holding office from January 1881 to August 1886. [10] He participated in various debates in the Senate. The Merchant Shipping Bill of 1880 proposed a bounty payable to shipowners in recognition of their contribution to training seamen for the navy, with the bounty reduced by half for foreign-built vessels purchased after the bill came into effect. Tenailly Saligny proposed that ships that had been ordered and were under construction in foreign shipyards should be exempt, but this was rejected. In July 1883 he was rapporteur of the law for reform of the judiciary. In August 1885 he proposed an amendment to the voting list act. He voted for restoration of divorce, for credits for the Tonkin Campaign of 1883–86, and for the 22 June 1886 law exiling the princes(fr).
Tenaille-Saligny ran for reelection on 8 January 1888, refused to concede victory to the Radical list, but was eventually defeated in the third round. Théodore Tenaille-Saligny died in Clamecy on 24 March 1889. On 3 July 1889 Gabriel Alapetite married his daughter, Magdeleine Louise Etiennette Tenaille-Saligny (1867–1943).
Albert Auguste Gabriel Hanotaux, known as Gabriel Hanotaux was a French statesman and historian.
Stephen Jean-Marie Pichon was a French journalist, diplomat and politician of the Third Republic. The Avenue Stéphen-Pichon in Paris is named after him.
Étienne Jean Marie Flandin was a French magistrate and politician who was twice deputy of Yonne, and was then Senator of French India from 1909 to 1920.
The Supreme Court of Burundi is the highest civil and criminal court in Burundi. It is composed of three chambers, the Judicial Chamber, the Administrative Chamber, and the Chamber of Cassation together with a united chambers. The Judicial Chamber is divided into two sections: a section of First Instance and an Appelate Section. There is also a National Department of Public Prosecutions attached.
Guillaume Le Breton was a French dramatist of the sixteenth century. Little is known of his life, although the title of his play Adonis mentions he was from the Nièvre region. Like his contemporary François d'Amboise, he associated himself with the king's Procureur général, Gilles Bourdin, as well as other dramatists of the period, such as Odet de Turnèbe and Pierre de Larivey.
Gabriel Ferry is the nom de plume of two French writers, father and son.
Achille Tenaille de Vaulabelle was a French journalist and politician.
Guillaume-Charles Faipoult was a French aristocrat, soldier and politician who was Minister of Finance during the French Revolution. He then represented France in Italy, where he organized the newly formed republics. During the First French Empire he was prefect of the Scheldt department, and then Minister of Finance in Spain under Joseph Bonaparte. Faipoult was prefect of Saône-et-Loire during the Hundred Days.
Gabriel Marie Jean Benoit de Lantivy de Kerveno was a French soldier, administrator and diplomat.
Édouard Ernest Prillieux was a French botanist and agronomist known for his work with plant diseases.
Louis-Étienne Jousserandot was a 19th-century French lawyer, journalist and writer. He was prefect of Pyrénées-Orientales then of Marne under the French Third Republic.
Philippe-Antoine Grouvelle was an 18th-century French man of letters and journalist.
Achille Millien was a French poet and folklorist.
Jules Louis Hochet was a French industrialist who managed an iron foundry and a railway line in the south of France.
The canton of Clamecy is an administrative division of the Nièvre department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Clamecy.
Paul Alfred Delarue, born 20 April 1889 in Saint-Didier, Nièvre, died 25 July 1956 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, was a French folklorist.
Symphorien Casimir Joseph Edouard Boitelle was a French soldier, administrator, chief of the Paris police, deputy and senator.
Georges Richard Soultrait also known as Count de Soultrait, was a French writer and historian born June 27, 1822 in Toury-Lurcy, in the department of Nièvre and died September 18, 1888 in the same village.
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