Thinadhoo (Huvadhu Atoll)

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Thinadhoo City
Inhabited island
Thinadhoo City
GdhThinadhoo.jpg
Maledives relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Thinadhoo City
Location in Maldives
Coordinates: 0°31′48.83″N72°59′47.44″E / 0.5302306°N 72.9965111°E / 0.5302306; 72.9965111
Country Maldives
Administrative atoll Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll
Distance to Malé407.06 km (252.94 mi)
Government
 •  Council Thinadhoo City Council
Area
 • Total1.192 km2 (0.460 sq mi)
Dimensions
 • Length1.560 km (0.969 mi)
 • Width0.922 km (0.573 mi)
Population
 (2014) [1]
 • Total5,230 (including foreigners)
Time zone UTC+05:00 (MST)

Thinadhoo City is the capital of Gaafu Dhaalu region in the atoll of Huvadhu and the proposed capital for the Upper South Province of the Maldives. It has its own dialect of Dhivehi which is considerably different from northern speech.

Contents

The name Thinadhoo is derived from Euphorbia hirta , locally known as Thina Vina (Thina Weed), a pantropical weed used for herbal medicines which grew in the island. [2]

The island was formerly known as Havaru Thinadhoo and it was the traditional seat of the Atoll Chief. The island has a vibrant history of unrest and revolution. [3]

Thinadhoo was the wealthiest island in the country before it was forcefully depopulated and demolished entirely in 1962. [4] The rich merchants of the island were known to have assisted even the capital when in need. [5]

City status

On August 30, 2023, President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih formally announced Thinadhoo Island in Gaafu Dhaal Atoll as a city, utilizing the authority granted to him by Section 51 (a) of the Maldives' Decentralisation Act (Law number 7/2010). [6]

The decision was made because of the island's significant population and its crucial role in delivering a diverse range of services to the inhabitants of the atolls. [7]

History

Early history

Written history of the island is sparse, but Thinadhoo is known to have a rich history.

Havaru Thinadhoo

Long distance 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage odi (ship) of Huvadu design type from the Southern Atolls. The Odis were built in the Southern Atolls and operational until 1960s. Havaru Thinadhoo had 40 odis before they were discontinued and they were famous throughout the Indian Ocean. Fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastle. Three-mast arrangement at the rig. A large main square-sail set atop a tall mainmast. Fore-and-aft gaff-sail set from the mizzen. Raking foremast carrying a square foresail well out over the bows. Huvadu type design odi ship illustration.png
Long distance 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage odi (ship) of Huvadu design type from the Southern Atolls. The Odis were built in the Southern Atolls and operational until 1960s. Havaru Thinadhoo had 40 odis before they were discontinued and they were famous throughout the Indian Ocean. Fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastle. Three-mast arrangement at the rig. A large main square-sail set atop a tall mainmast. Fore-and-aft gaff-sail set from the mizzen. Raking foremast carrying a square foresail well out over the bows.

The Havaru, also known as the military factions, were sent to Thinadhoo during the time of Bodu Thakurufaanu.

When 'havaru' were given these six regions they leased them to the people of Thinadhoo under the Vaaru system. Each year Thinadhoo people were to send the annual Varuvaa (Tax) to the 'Havaru' based in Male'. This practice lasted until the sultanate of Muhammad Mueenuddeen I. [10]

In addition to Thinadhoo there were 3 other islands undertaken by the Havaru. They were Kaadedhoo, Kannigili Kolhu and Kubbudu in Huvadhoo Atoll. [11]

During the time of Havaru, the island of Thinadhoo used Kaadedhoo for farming. [11]

Annual varuvaa or tax

The annual varuvaa (tax) sent to the Huvaru in Male' from Thinadhoo included: [2]

Ha Varu (Havaru or Six militia divisions) [2]

The Ha Varu were organized as two ranks of three divisions each: [2]

Is Thin Varu (Lead rank with three divisions) [2]

Fas Thin Varu (Rear rank with three divisions) [2]

Muhammad Thakurufaanu Al Auzam offered havaru the island of Thinadhoo, He ordered that the 'dhandu kolhu', 'medhu ruganddu' and 'Baraaseel' to be given to Havaru along with the islands of Thinadhoo Maahuttaa, Kaadedhdhoo and Kuddu. The island itself was renamed Havaru Thinadhoo signifying the occupation.

United Suvadive Republic

Havaru Thinadhoo was the economic hub of the United Suvadive Republic, an unrecognised breakaway nation from Maldives.

Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo

On 4 February 1962 the Kingdom of Maldives reacted by sending a fully armed gunboat to Havaru Thinadhoo commanded by Prime Minister Ibrahim Nasir.

Enamaa boat incident

The Maldive boat Enamaa was carrying far more than its capacity of up to 126 when a wave overturned it. Twenty one people died with two missing when Enamaa capsized into the sea of Gaafu Dhaalu atoll on 17 March 2004. [12]

The Enamaa boat was traveling at nine and a half nautical miles per hour to Thinadhoo Island after watching the home team play a football match in Vilingili Island in Gaafu Alifu atoll.

Geography

The island is 407.06 km (253 mi; 220 nmi) south of the country's capital, Malé. [13]

Demography

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1959 6,000—    
1966 1,800−70.0%
2006 4,442+146.8%
2014 4,669+5.1%
2022 6,217+33.2%
2006-2022: Census populations
Source: [14]

1959: The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation [15] 1966: Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo [16]

2022: National Census populations [17]

Education

Thinadhoo is served by 4 pre-schools, 2 primary schools, 1 secondary/high-school and 3 university/college campuses. [18]

Transport

Kaadedhdhoo Domestic Airport is situated on a nearby island connected by speed boat which can be reached to Thinadhoo in 5-10 minutes.

See also

Related Research Articles

The politics of the Maldives take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is the Head of Government. Executive power is exercised by the government. The President heads the executive branch and appoints the Cabinet; like many presidential democracies, each member of the cabinet need to be approved by the Parliament. The President, along with their pick for vice president, is directly elected by the denizens to a five-year term by a secret ballot. Once in office, they could be re-elected to a second 5-year term, which is the limit allowed by the Constitution. The current President of the Maldives is Mohamed Muizzu, when his predecessor, Ibrahim Mohamed Solih lost the 2023 Maldivian presidential election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huvadhu Atoll</span> Atoll in the Indian Ocean

Huvadhu, Suvadive, Suvaidu or Suvadiva is the atoll with the most islands in the world. The atoll is located in the Indian Ocean. It is south of the Suvadiva Channel in the Republic of Maldives with a total area of 3,152 km2, of which 38.5 km2 is dry land. The atoll contains 255 islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dhaalu Atoll</span> Atolls of the Maldives

Dhaalu Atoll is one of the atolls of the Maldives. It corresponds to the natural atoll of the same name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaafu Alifu Atoll</span> Atoll of the Maldives

Gaafu Alifu is an administrative division of the Maldives created on February 8, 1962, when Huvadhu Atoll was divided into two districts. Gaafu Alifu corresponds to the northeastern section of this large natural atoll north of the line extending between the channels of Footukandu and Vaarulu Kandu. The capital of this district is Vilingili.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll</span> Administrative district of the Maldives

Gaafu Dhaalu is an administrative district of the Maldives formed by the southwestern section of Huvadhu Atoll. It was created on February 8, 1962, when Huvadhu Atoll was divided into two districts. Gaafu Dhaalu corresponds to the Southwestern section of this large natural atoll, south of the line extending between the channels of Footukandu and Vaarulu Kandu. The capital of this region is Thinadhoo (Thenadhoo). There are 153 islands in this district, 10 of which are inhabited. This district is located about 340 kilometers south of the capital Malé.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gnaviyani Atoll</span> Atoll of the Maldives

Gnaviyani Atoll is one of the administrative divisions of the Maldives corresponding to the natural atoll, Fuvahmulah. Surfacewise this is the smallest administrative unit in the Maldives, situated on the Equatorial Channel between Huvadhu Atoll and Addu Atoll.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fuvahmulah</span> Inhabited island in Gnaviyani Atoll, Maldives

Fuvahmulah is an island (atoll) in the Maldives. It is under Maldives' administrative division of Gnaviyani Atoll. The island is the second southernmost administrative atoll, located to the south of Huvadhu Atoll and to the north of Seenu Atoll. It's also the third most populous island after Malé and Addu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gadhdhoo</span> Inhabited island in Maldives

Gadhdhoo, is the second most populated island in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll. It has its own dialect of Dhivehi which is considerably different from northern and mid-Maldivian speech.

Madaveli is one of the inhabited islands of Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll. Q1.

Rathafandhoo is an inhabited island of the Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives.

Vaadhoo is an inhabited island of Gaafu Dhaalu region in the atoll of Huvadhu, Maldives. It has its own dialect of Maldivian, which is considerably different from northern and Mid-Maldivian speech.

Thinadhoo may refer to several islands in the Maldives:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Suvadive Republic</span> Country within the Maldives

The United Suvadive Republic was a short-lived breakaway state from the Sultanate of Maldives between 1958 and 1963, consisting of the three southern atolls of the Maldive archipelago: Addu Atoll, Huvadhu Atoll and Fuvahmulah. The first president of the new nation was Abdulla Afeef Didi. The secession occurred in the context of the struggle of the Maldives’ emergence as a modern nation. The United Suvadive Republic inherited a Westminster system of governance cloned from Britain along with other institutional structures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaadedhdhoo Airport</span> Airport in Kaadedhdhoo, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll

Kaadedhdhoo Airport is a domestic airport on the island of Kaadedhdhoo in Gaafu Dhaalu atoll, Maldives. The airport is located 3.7 kilometres (2.0 NM) south of Thinadhoo. It was opened on 10 December 1993, by President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Administrative divisions of the Maldives</span> Administrative divisions in the Maldives

The Administrative Divisions of the Maldives refers to the various units of government that provide local government services in the Maldives. According to the Decentralization Act 2010, the administrative divisions of the Maldives would consist of atolls, islands, and cities; each administered by their own local council, under the basic terms of home rule. Geographically, the Maldives are formed by a number of natural atolls plus a few islands and isolated reefs which form a pattern from North to South. Administratively, there are currently 189 islands, 18 atolls and 4 cities in the Maldives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo</span> 1962 forced removal of entire population from the island

The depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo was an event that took place in 1962, following the formation of the United Suvadive Republic, when Thinadhoo, the wealthiest island at the time was forcefully depopulated and destroyed.

References

  1. ↑ "Table PP5: Resident Population by sex, nationality and locality (administrative islands), 2014" (PDF). Population and Households Census 2014. National Bureau of Statistics. p. 36. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "ތިނަދޫ އަށް "ހަވަރުތިނަދޫ" ކިޔުނީ ކީއްވެ؟ އެއީ ފަހުރުވެރިވާން ޖެހޭ ނަމެއްތަ؟". Adhadu News.
  3. ↑ "Thinadhoo: Revolution, Bloodbath and Peace" (PDF).
  4. ↑ "Thinadhoo Council files transitional justice case regarding the 1962 forced depopulation by Maldives government".
  5. ↑ "އައްޒަގެ ދިރާސީ ބަސް: ސުވަދުންމަތީ މީހުންގެ ނުތަނަވަސްކަމުގެ ފެށުން".
  6. ↑ "Pres Solih grants city status to GDh. Thinadhoo". Avas.
  7. ↑ "GDh. Thinadhoo officially declared a city". Raajje MV.
  8. 1 2 FRIAS, Xavier ROMERO (27 September 2023). "Rules for Maldi Vian Trading Ships Tra Velling Abroad (1925) and a Sojourn in Southern Ceylon". Politeja (40). jstor: 67–84. JSTOR   24920196.
  9. ↑ Bernard, Koechlin. "In: Archipel, 1979. Commerces et navires dans les mers du Sud". Notes sur l'histoire et le navire long-courrier, odi, aujourd'hui disparu, des Maldives. 18: 293.
  10. ↑ N. T. Hassan Didi (2005). "Kureege Huvadhoo Atholhu". Novelty Press.
  11. 1 2 Ibrahim Luthufee, Mohamed. "GDh. Kaadedhdhoo falhuvun". Luthufee, M. I. (1992). GDH. Kaadedhdhoo Falhuvun. Faithoora (163): 15–20.
  12. ↑ Who is to take responsibility for the horrific Enamaa boat disaster? Accessed June 4, 2008. Archived 10 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ↑ "Coordinate Distance Calculator". Boulter.com. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  14. ↑ "Table 3.3: Total Maldivian Population by Islands" (PDF). National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  15. ↑ Maloney, C (9 April 1947). "The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation". Far Eastern Survey. 16 (7): 654–671. doi:10.2307/2643164. JSTOR   2643164.
  16. ↑ "Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo" (PDF).
  17. ↑ "Year 2022, Table P5: Resident Population by island and sex" (PDF).
  18. ↑ "Ministry of Education Stat Book 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Education. Retrieved 24 April 2016.

https://en.sun.mv/84405

[1]

  1. ↑ https://en.sun.mv/84405
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