Thomas Simpson Crawford

Last updated

Thomas Simpson Crawford Thomas Simpson Crawford.jpg
Thomas Simpson Crawford

Thomas Simpson Crawford QC, (21 December 1875 – 20 April 1976) was an Australian politician and New South Wales Senior Crown Prosecutor.

Queens Counsel Jurist appointed by letters patent in some Commonwealth realms

In the United Kingdom and in some Commonwealth countries, a Queen's Counsel during the reign of a queen, or King's Counsel during the reign of a king, is a lawyer who is appointed by the monarch of the country to be one of "Her [His] Majesty's Counsel learned in the law". The position originated in England. Some Commonwealth countries have either abolished the position, or re-named it to eliminate monarchical connotations, such as "Senior Counsel" or "Senior Advocate".

Australia Country in Oceania

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. The population of 26 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest city is Sydney. The country's other major metropolitan areas are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide.

New South Wales State of Australia

New South Wales is a state on the east coast of Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Tasman Sea to the east. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. In March 2019, the population of New South Wales was over 8 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two-thirds of the state's population, 5.1 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen.

Contents

Biography

Born and raised in Bulli, New South Wales, [1] the son of a miner, Crawford left school at age 14 to work first as a clerk in the New South Wales railways department and later as a telegraph operator. In 1894, he decided to enter the Presbyterian ministry, and thus resumed his studies under the guidance of his former headmaster and tutor in classics, Joseph Bourke. Crawford later went to Sydney Boys' High School, [2] and the Cooerwull Academy at Bowenfels, [3] and eventually graduated from the University of Sydney with a BA and MA. Ordained a Minister in 1902, Crawford was based in Newcastle and Campsie before he had a calling of a different kind and resigned from the ministry to enter politics.

Bulli, New South Wales Suburb of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia

Bulli is a northern suburb of Wollongong situated on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. Bulli is possibly derived from an Aboriginal word signifying "double or two mountains", but other derivations have been suggested.

Cooerwull Academy

The Cooerwull Academy was an independent, Presbyterian, day and boarding school for boys, located in Bowenfels, a small town on the western outskirts of Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia.

Bowenfels, New South Wales Town in New South Wales, Australia

Bowenfels is a small town on the western outskirts of Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia.

Crawford contested the federal Division of Lang for the Australian Labor Party (ALP) at the 1910 election, gaining a swing of 19.4% but failing to be elected. He had more luck at the New South Wales state election later that year, winning the Electoral district of Marrickville. Crawford served in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1910 to 1917, firstly as an ALP representative before leaving Labor with other pro-conscriptionists to join the Nationalist Party of Australia. Crawford was defeated at the 1917 election by his Labor opponent. [4]

The Division of Lang was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales. It was located in the southern suburbs of Sydney, and was named after Rev. John Dunmore Lang, a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and advocate of Australian independence. It originally included the suburbs of Kogarah and Marrickville, but by the time it was abolished in 1977, it covered the suburbs of Lakemba and Belmore. The Division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the original 75 divisions to be contested at the first Federal election. It was held by the Labor Party for all but one term after 1928, and in its final form was very safe for that party. It was abolished at the redistribution of 31 October 1977.

Australian Labor Party Political party in Australia

The Australian Labor Party is a major centre-left political party in Australia. The party has been in opposition at the federal level since the 2013 election. The party is a federal party with branches in each state and territory. Labor is in government in the states of Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, and in both the Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory. The party competes against the Liberal/National Coalition for political office at the federal and state levels. It is the oldest political party in Australia.

1910 Australian federal election

The 1910 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 13 April 1910. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Commonwealth Liberal Party led by Prime Minister Alfred Deakin was defeated by the opposition Labour Party, led by Andrew Fisher.

During his time in parliament, Crawford studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1912 and was appointed a Crown Prosecutor in 1917. In 1922 he authored Crawford's Proof in Criminal Cases, a treatise on crime still widely referred to in the Australian legal community. [5]

Crown prosecutor is the title given in a number of jurisdictions to the state prosecutor, the legal party responsible for presenting the case against an individual in a criminal trial. The title is commonly used in Commonwealth realms.

Promoted to Metropolitan Crown Prosecutor in 1930 and appointed King's Counsel in 1935, Crawford was made Senior Crown Prosecutor in 1940. [5]

Following his retirement in 1947, Crawford continued to act in various prosecutions and advised on legal issues in Nauru and the Solomon Islands. [5] Crawford died in Newcastle, aged 100, outliving his wife by 38 years.

Nauru Republic in Oceania

Nauru, officially the Republic of Nauru and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia, a subregion of Oceania, in the Central Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, 300 kilometres (190 mi) to the east. It further lies northwest of Tuvalu, 1300 km northeast of the Solomon Islands, east-northeast of Papua New Guinea, southeast of the Federated States of Micronesia and south of the Marshall Islands. With only a 21-square-kilometre (8.1 sq mi) area, Nauru is the third-smallest country in the world behind Vatican City, and Monaco, making it the smallest state in the South Pacific Ocean, the smallest state outside Europe, the smallest island state, and the smallest republic. Additionally, its population of 11,347 is the world's third smallest, after the Vatican and Tuvalu.

Solomon Islands Country in Oceania

Solomon Islands is a sovereign state consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania lying to the east of Papua New Guinea and northwest of Vanuatu and covering a land area of 28,400 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). The country's capital, Honiara, is located on the island of Guadalcanal. The country takes its name from the Solomon Islands archipelago, which is a collection of Melanesian islands that also includes the North Solomon Islands, but excludes outlying islands, such as Rennell and Bellona, and the Santa Cruz Islands.

Newcastle, New South Wales City in New South Wales, Australia

The Newcastle metropolitan area is the second most populated area in the Australian state of New South Wales and includes the Newcastle and Lake Macquarie local government areas. It is the hub of the Greater Newcastle area which includes most parts of the local government areas of City of Newcastle, City of Lake Macquarie, City of Cessnock, City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council.

Personal life

Crawford's brother James Crawford was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1909 to 1915. [6]

Related Research Articles

Ernest Carr Australian politician

Ernest "Ernie" Shoebridge Carr was an early twentieth-century member of the Australian House of Representatives and the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.

William Holman Premier of New South Wales, Australia

William Arthur Holman was an Australian politician who served as Premier of New South Wales from 1913 to 1920. He came to office as the leader of the Labor Party, but was expelled from the party in the split of 1916. He subsequently became the inaugural leader of the NSW branch of the Nationalist Party.

Wayne Douglas Smith was an Australian politician. He was a Labor Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2003, representing the electorate of South Coast. He was the only incumbent ALP member to lose his seat at the 2003 state election.

Electoral district of Marrickville state electoral district of New South Wales, Australia

Marrickville was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It was an urban electorate in Sydney's inner west, centred on the suburb of Marrickville from which it took its name. At the time of its abolition it also included the suburbs of Camperdown, Darlington, Enmore, Lewisham, Newtown, Petersham, Stanmore and parts of Dulwich Hill and Erskineville as well as the University of Sydney.

Arthur Rowland Gardiner was an Australian politician.

Michael John Maher was an Australian politician. Born in Sydney, he attended De La Salle College Ashfield and the University of Sydney and became a solicitor. A member of the Labor Party, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly at the 1973 election, representing the seat of Drummoyne. He held Drummoyne until resigning to contest the 1982 Lowe by-election, caused by the resignation of former Liberal Prime Minister William McMahon. Maher was successful, and held the seat until 1987, when he was defeated by Bob Woods. Michael Maher was described in 2000 by a subsequent ALP Member for Lowe, John Murphy, as 'one of the most genuine and most loved members to grace this House'.

Dan Mulcahy Australian politician

Daniel "Dan" Mulcahy was an Australian politician. Born in Milltown, Ireland, he was educated at Irish Catholic schools and migrated to Australia as a youth. He became a publican in Sydney and served on both Waterloo Council, including several terms as mayor, and Sydney City Council. In 1934, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Lang, representing the Langite Australian Labor Party (NSW). Mulcahy joined the federal Labor Party when the two parties merged in 1936, but left the ALP for the Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist), another Lang party, in 1940. When this second split was resolved, Mulcahy again joined the federal ALP. He held his seat until his death in Vaucluse in 1953.

Ian McManus is an Australian politician. He was a Labor Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1987 to 2003, representing the electorates of Heathcote, Burragorang (1988–1991) and Bulli (1991–99). He was a parliamentary secretary in the first two terms of the Carr Labor government.

Ken Booth (politician) Australian politician

Kenneth George "Ken" Booth was a New South Wales politician, Treasurer, and Minister of the Crown in the cabinets of Neville Wran and Barrie Unsworth. From 1981 to 1988 he was the Treasurer of New South Wales. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for 28 years from 8 October 1960 until his death on 1 November 1988 for the Labor Party, representing the seats of Kurri Kurri and Wallsend.

Sam Jones was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1965 until 1984 and a member of the ALP.

Arthur Griffith was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1894 until 1917 and held a number of ministerial positions in the Government of New South Wales. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).

The Australian Labor Party , also known as NSW Labor and Country Labor in regional areas, is the New South Wales branch of the Australian Labor Party. The parliamentary leader is elected from and by the members of the party caucus, comprising all party members in the Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council. The party factions have a strong influence on the election of the leader. The leader's position is dependent on the continuing support of the caucus and the leader may be deposed by failing to win a vote of confidence of parliamentary members. By convention, the premier sits in the Legislative Assembly, and is the leader of the party controlling a majority in that house. The party leader also typically is a member of the Assembly, though this is not a strict party constitutional requirement. Barrie Unsworth, for example, was elected party leader while a member of the Legislative Council. He then transferred to the Assembly by winning a seat at a by-election.

The Protestant Labor Party was a minor Australian political party that operated mainly in New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia in the 1920s and 1930s. It was formed by Independent MP Walter Skelton, member for Newcastle in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly 1922–27. In 1925 he was elected to the Assembly under the Protestant Labor label, but when single-member constituencies were re-introduced in 1927 he was defeated in Wallsend. At the 1927 South Australian election, Thomas Thompson was elected under the Protestant Labor Party banner to the two-member seat of Port Adelaide but failed re-election in 1930. In 1938 the party elected George Morris to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as the member for Kelvin Grove, but the party was soon moribund and he sat out his term as an independent. The party was formed in an attempt to counter the perceived Roman Catholic dominance within the ALP. Aside from the sectarian issue, its policies were broadly in agreement with the ALP.

David Murray was an Australian politician and member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1921 until his death in 1928. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).

Daniel Clyne Australian politician

Daniel Clyne was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1927 until 1956 and, variously, a member of the Labor Party (ALP) and Lang Labor. He was the Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1941 and 1947.

Lawrence Borthwick Kelly was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1947 until his death. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).

Tom Shannon (Australian politician) Australian politician

Thomas John Shannon was an Australian real estate agent, alderman and state politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1927 until his death. He was variously a member of the Labor Party(ALP) and the Australian Labor Party (NSW).

Laurence John Tully was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1946 until 1965. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).

Stephen Roy Heferen was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1941 until 1950. During his parliamentary career he was a member of the Labor Party (ALP) but sat as an Independent Labor member between March and May 1950.

References

  1. ↑ "BULLI - Schools and Colleges - Bulli Public School", Wollongong City Library . Accessed 9 October 2006
  2. ↑ "Members of parliament and legislatures" (PDF). Sydney High School Old Boys Union. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  3. ↑ Australian Dictionary of Biography: Crawford, Thomas Simpson (1875 - 1976) (accessed:04-08-2007)
  4. ↑ Carr, A. Adam Carr's Election Archive . Accessed 9 October 2006.
  5. 1 2 3 Tedeschi, M. "History of the New South Wales Crown Prosecutors 1901 - 1986", Forbes Flyer, Autumn 2006, Issue 11, Francis Forbes Society for Australian Legal History.
  6. ↑ "Mr Thomas Simpson Crawford". Former Members of the Parliament of New South Wales . Retrieved 11 May 2019.
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Preceded by
Richard McCoy 		Member for Marrickville
1910 – 1917		Succeeded by
Carlo Lazzarini
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.