Thomas of Zumárraga

Last updated

Thomas of Zumárraga

OP
Beato Tomas de Zumarraga.jpg
Tomás de Zumárraga painted by Zurbarán.
Born9 March 1577
Vitoria, Spain
Died12 September 1622
Ōmura, Japan
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church
Beatified 7 May 1867 by Pope Pius IX
Feast 12 September

Thomas of Zumárraga and Lazcano (Spanish : Tomás de Zumárraga y Lazcano; 9 March 1577 – 12 September 1622) [1] was a Spanish Dominican friar, Catholic priest, missionary, and martyr of Japan. He was beatified in May 1867 by Pope Pius IX. [1]

Biography

Thomas was born in Vitoria, in 1577. In 1594, he was professed in the Order of Preachers in Vitoria. After he entered the Convento de San Esteban de Salamanca, he received the name of Fray Tomás del Espíritu Santo (Brother Thomas of the Holy Spirit). [2] In 1601, he was sent to Mexico en route to the Philippines. [1] Shortly after arriving, in 1603, Fray Francisco Morales, superior of the Dominicans in Manila, sent him to Japan to found a mission.

He hid in the mountains, in the area of Nagasaki and Ōmura. He was captured on 23 July 1617. After five years of imprisonment, he was burnt alive on 12 September 1622. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juan de Zumárraga</span> 15/16th-century Spanish Franciscan prelate; first bishop and Inquisitor of Mexico

Juan de Zumárraga, OFM was a Spanish Basque Franciscan prelate and the first Bishop of Mexico. He was also the region's first inquisitor. He wrote Doctrina breve, the first book published in the Western Hemisphere by a European, printed in Mexico City in 1539.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">School of Salamanca</span> Cultural movement

The School of Salamanca is an intellectual movement of 16th-century and 17th-century Iberian Scholastic theologians rooted in the intellectual and pedagogical work of Francisco de Vitoria. From the beginning of the 16th century the traditional Catholic conception of man and of his relation to God and to the world had been assaulted by the rise of humanism, by the Protestant Reformation and by the new geographical discoveries and their consequences. These new problems were addressed by the School of Salamanca.

Diego Collado was a Spanish Christian missionary. He was born at Miajadas, in the province of Extremadura, Spain. He entered the Dominican Order at San Esteban, Salamanca around 1600, and in 1619 went to Japan. As Christianity had already been formally outlawed by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1614, Collado spent his time in hiding, frequently changing residences to avoid being arrested. He traveled the country, learning Japanese and proselytizing to the local population, until he was recalled to Europe in 1622. He spent the next decade challenging the monopoly of the Jesuits in ministering to Japan, and his account of the venal behavior he observed in Japan was cited by Thomas Gage, a former Dominican friar turned Protestant, as evidence of Jesuit malpractice and the conflict between Dominicans and Jesuits.

Pedro de Córdoba OP (c.1460–1525) was a Spanish missionary, author and inquisitor on the island of Hispaniola. He was first to denounce the Spanish system known as the Encomienda, which amounted to the practical enslavement of natives of the New World, for the abuses that it engendered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco</span> Catholic university in Tlatelolco, Mexico City; oldest European school in the Americas

The Colegio de Santa Cruz in Tlatelolco, Mexico City, is the first and oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas and the first major school of interpreters and translators in the New World. It was established by the Franciscans on January 6, 1536 with the intention, as is generally accepted, of preparing Native American boys for eventual ordination to the Catholic priesthood. Students trained in the Colegio were important contributors to the work of Franciscan Bernardino de Sahagún in the creation of his monumental twelve-volume General History of the Things of New Spain, often referred to as the Florentine Codex. The failure of the Colegio had long-lasting consequences, with scholar Robert Ricard saying that "[h]ad the College of Tlatelolco given the country even one [native] bishop, the history of the Mexican Church might have been profoundly changed."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomasian Martyrs</span> Dominican Catholic priests, Martyrs, Blesseds and Saints

The 17 Thomasian Martyrs were the 12 Dominican priests, 1 Franciscan priest and 3 Dominican bishops who became administrators, professors, or students in the University of Santo Tomas in Manila, they are venerated in the Catholic Church regarded them as a martyrs and declared as a saints and blesseds by several popes throughout the 20th and 21st century, All of them gave up their lives for their Christian faith, some in Japan, others in Vietnam, and in the 20th century, in Spain during the Spanish Civil War. Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila was among the lay companions of the Thomasian Martyrs of Japan, their feast day is celebrated every year on November 6.

Domingo Betanzos was a Spanish Dominican missionary to New Spain, who participated in the "Spiritual Conquest", evangelizing the indigenous.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela</span> Catholic official

Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela (Madrigal de las Altas Torres, Ávila, 13 January 1512 – 20 November 1594) was a prominent Catholic official who rose to become General Inquisitor of Spain, from 1573 to 1594, and Archbishop of Toledo from 1577 to 1594. He was named a Cardinal by Pope Gregory XIII in 1578. He was the nephew of the 1st Bishop of Michoacán, Mexico, Vasco de Quiroga,.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikel Balenziaga</span> Spanish footballer (born 1988)

Mikel Balenziaga Oruesagasti is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano</span> Mexican drug lord

Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano, commonly referred to by his aliases Z-3 and El Lazca, was a Mexican drug lord and the leader of Los Zetas drug cartel. He was one of the most-wanted Mexican drug lords.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz</span> Spanish Catholic friar

Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz, OAR was a Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Pasto from 1895 to 1906. He was a member of the Order of Augustinian Recollects and previously served as a missionary to the Philippines and as Vicar Apostolic of Casanare in Colombia.

Juan Cobo OP was Spanish Dominican missionary, diplomat, astronomer and sinologist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Protector of the Indians</span> Administrative office of the Spanish colonies

Protector of the Indians was an administrative office of the Spanish colonies that deemed themselves responsible for attending to the well-being of the native populations by providing detailed witness accounts of mistreatment in an attempt to relay their struggles and a voice speaking on their behalf in courts, reporting back to the King of Spain. The establishment of the administration of the Protector of the Indians is due in part to Bartolomé de las Casas – the first Protector of the American Indians, and Fray Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros, the great Cardinal Regent of Spain. Throughout this era, the King of Spain gained information regarding the treatment of native peoples through Bartolomé de las Casas and Fray Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros. Bartolomé de las Casas was one of the first Europeans to set foot into the new hemisphere. He later dedicated his life to ending the harsh treatment of Indigenous Americans. The institution of the Protectors of the Indians rested on the idea that rulers should appoint officials to defend, both within and outside of the courts of justice, individuals who were less favored.

Ángel Martínez Casado and died in Virgen del Camino, León Province, Spain, 03/04/2024) was a Dominican friar and PhD in History and Theology. He received humanistic and religious education at La Virgen del Camino College, from where he entered the novitiate in the Dominican Order in October 1965, in Palencia. He began his religious studies in Las Caldas de Besaya (Santander) and Salamanca, where he made solemn religious profession in 1973.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Psalmi a Vidici ad Hebraicam veritatem castigati</span>

Psalmi da Vidici ad Hebraicam veritatem castigati is a printed psaltery authored by Thomas Cajetan and printed in Venice in 1530. It contains fragments of the Old Testament and specifically praises God and his laws. Most of it is made up of psalms attributed to King David, which were to be read in accordance with the rules of the ecclesiastical liturgy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cristóbal de Torres</span> Spanish-born prelate

Cristóbal de Torres y Motones, OP was a Spanish-born prelate of the Catholic Church in New Spain. A member of the Dominican Order, in 1635 he was appointed archbishop of the Archdiocese of Santafé en Nueva Granada. There, he was one of the first bishops in New Spain to admit indigenous people to communion, and he later founded Del Rosario University in Bogotá.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tomás Carbonell (bishop)</span>

Baltasar Tomás Carbonell y Sánchez, O.P. was a Spanish friar of the Dominican Order. He served as royal confessor to King Charles II of Spain twice: from 1676 to 1678 and from 1682 to 1686. He was also the Bishop of Sigüenza from 1677 until his death in 1692.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Federico Baraibar</span> Spanish politician and academic

Federico Baraibar y Zumárraga was a Spanish academic and politician. He translated several Greek classics into Spanish and laid the foundations for modern archaeology in the province of Álava. As a politician, he served as the first 20th-century mayor of Vitoria and as President of the Deputation of Álava.

Teodoro González de Zárate Sáenz was a Spanish politician who served as mayor of Vitoria during the Second Spanish Republic. He was killed by Francoist forces during the Spanish Civil War.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Juan José Alzugaray Aguirre (20 February 2006). Ora pro nobis. Encuentro. p. 47. ISBN   978-84-7490-776-6.
  2. El beato Tomás: un cuadro inédito de Zurbarán. Hoy.es. 12 de diciembre de 2010. Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2015.