Thumrait

Last updated
Thumrait
Oman adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Thumrait
Location in Oman
Coordinates: 17°40′01″N54°01′58″E / 17.66694°N 54.03278°E / 17.66694; 54.03278
CountryFlag of Oman.svg  Oman
Governorate Dhofar
WilayatThumrait

Thumrait (Arabic : ثمريت) is a small town and wilayat (province) of the Dhofar Governorate in southern Oman. [1] In ancient times Thumrait was an important point on the Arabian peninsula's caravan routes.[ citation needed ] Frankincense trees, an important crop, used to grow in greater abundance in Thumrait than now. The main occupation of the people of Thumrait is the cultivation of fruit, vegetables and animal fodder.[ citation needed ]

Contents

Military

Thumrait is notable for its Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO) station. Originally an oil depot, RAFO Thumrait was created to establish air power in that region of Oman. The first Omani air unit based at Thumrait, equipped with Hawker Hunter FG.9 aircraft, was tasked with ground attack and intercept missions. 12 new SEPECAT Jaguar fighter-bombers were added to the base's complement to improve attack capabilities in 1977.

RAFO Thumrait has been used by US, UK and Allied air forces to support operations during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm around the time of the Gulf War, and later during the War in Afghanistan (2001-2021). Operations did shift though to Muscat International Airport, which was closer to Afghanistan. [2]

Thumrait is also the home of the Western Frontier Regiment.

Exercises held at Thumrait Air Base

In 2009, Indian Air Force pilots of ‘Flaming Arrows’ and ‘Cobras’, the two SEPECAT Jaguar Squadrons participated in joint exercises called ‘Eastern Bridge’ alongside the RAFO's force of SEPECAT Jaguars and General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcons at Thumrait Air Base. A subsequent Indo-Omani exercise, ‘Eastern Bridge-II,’ took place in 2011 at Indian Air Force Station Jamnagar (Gujarat). [3] [4]

Climate

Thumrait has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with very hot summers and warm winters. There is very little rainfall; some rain may occur from February to April, as well as June to August due to the monsoon.

Climate data for Thumrait
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)32.6
(90.7)
35.0
(95.0)
38.6
(101.5)
41.0
(105.8)
43.6
(110.5)
45.4
(113.7)
45.0
(113.0)
46.0
(114.8)
43.8
(110.8)
40.0
(104.0)
34.4
(93.9)
32.0
(89.6)
46.0
(114.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)25.7
(78.3)
28.1
(82.6)
32.3
(90.1)
36.0
(96.8)
39.2
(102.6)
40.6
(105.1)
37.1
(98.8)
38.2
(100.8)
37.6
(99.7)
34.7
(94.5)
30.2
(86.4)
26.1
(79.0)
33.8
(92.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)18.6
(65.5)
21.1
(70.0)
24.7
(76.5)
28.2
(82.8)
31.3
(88.3)
32.3
(90.1)
29.2
(84.6)
29.4
(84.9)
29.0
(84.2)
26.7
(80.1)
23.0
(73.4)
19.5
(67.1)
26.1
(79.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)10.8
(51.4)
14.1
(57.4)
17.3
(63.1)
20.6
(69.1)
23.2
(73.8)
24.9
(76.8)
23.9
(75.0)
23.3
(73.9)
21.8
(71.2)
18.4
(65.1)
14.7
(58.5)
12.0
(53.6)
18.8
(65.7)
Record low °C (°F)1.6
(34.9)
5.8
(42.4)
8.7
(47.7)
14.1
(57.4)
16.6
(61.9)
21.2
(70.2)
21.2
(70.2)
19.5
(67.1)
17.1
(62.8)
12.0
(53.6)
9.0
(48.2)
5.0
(41.0)
1.6
(34.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)0.7
(0.03)
8.3
(0.33)
17.1
(0.67)
11.4
(0.45)
0.0
(0.0)
11.6
(0.46)
0.1
(0.00)
5.2
(0.20)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.6
(0.02)
55
(2.16)
Average relative humidity (%)54534641434463585141475450
Source: NOAA (1980-1990) [5]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SEPECAT Jaguar</span> French/British attack aircraft 1973-present

The SEPECAT Jaguar is an Anglo-French supersonic jet attack aircraft originally used by the British Royal Air Force and the French Air Force in the close air support and nuclear strike role. It is still in service with the Indian Air Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1998 bombing of Iraq</span> U.S. and U.K. bombardment of Iraq in December 1998

The 1998 bombing of Iraq was a major four-day bombing campaign on Iraqi targets from 16 to 19 December 1998, by the United States and the United Kingdom. On 16 December 1998, Bill Clinton announced that he had ordered strikes against Iraq. The strikes were launched as a result of Iraq's failure to comply with United Nations Security Council resolutions and its interference with United Nations Special Commission inspectors who were looking for weapons of mass destruction. The inspectors had been sent in 1997 and were repeatedly refused access to certain sites, this used by the United States to begin military action.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Central Command</span> Unified combatant command of the U.S. Armed Forces responsible for the Middle East

The United States Central Command is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the U.S. Department of Defense. It was established in 1983, taking over the previous responsibilities of the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force (RDJTF).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces</span> Combined armed forces of Oman

The Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces are the Royal Army of Oman, Royal Navy of Oman, Royal Air Force of Oman, Sultan's Special Force and other defense forces of the Sultanate of Oman. Since their formal establishment in the early 1950s, with British assistance SAF has twice overcome insurgencies which have threatened the integrity or social structure of the state, and more recently have contributed contingents or facilities to coalitions formed to protect Arab states of the Persian Gulf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VAQ-135</span> Military unit

Electronic Attack Squadron 135 (VAQ-135), known as the "Black Ravens", is a United States Navy electronic attack squadron that currently operates the EA-18G Growler carrier-based electronic warfare jet aircraft. The squadron is permanently stationed at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island with a radio callsign of "Thunder".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Masirah Island</span> Omani island

Masirah Island, also referred to as Mazeira Island or Wilāyat Maṣīrah, is an island off the east coast of mainland Oman in the Arabian Sea, and the largest island of the country. It is 95 km (59 mi) long north–south, between 12 and 14 km wide, with an area of about 649 km2, and a population estimated at 12,000 in 12 villages mainly in the north of the island. It is divided from the mainland by the Masirah Channel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base</span>

Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base is a Kuwait Air Force base that is home to 3 Kuwait Air Force F/A-18 C/D squadrons: 9 Squadron, 25 Squadron, and 61 Squadron. The base also has an area designated for operations by the U.S. Air Force and its allies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Air Force of Oman</span> Air warfare branch of Omans military

The Royal Air Force of Oman is the air arm of the Armed Forces of Oman.

The Ambala Air Force Station is an Air Force base situated north of the urban Ambala Cantt area in Haryana, India. The Ambala Air Force Station is the home to the first batch of advance multirole fighter jet Dassault Rafales that have been inducted to Indian Air Force.

No. 6 Squadron (Dragons) is a fighter squadron and is equipped with Jaguar IM/IS and based at Jamnagar Air Force Station.

The No. 224 Squadron (Warlords) of the IAF is a Ground Attack squadron based at Jamnagar AFS. It was temporarily disbanded in 2007 after the retirement of MiG-23MF aircraft. The unit was resurrected in 2008 with Jaguar Darin II aircraft and continues to operate from Jamnagar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patrol Squadron 4 (United States Navy)</span> Military unit

Patrol Squadron Four (VP-4) is a U.S. Navy land-based patrol squadron based at the Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Oak Harbor, Washington, which is tasked to undertake maritime patrol, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) missions flying the Boeing P-8 Poseidon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RAFO Thumrait</span> Airport in Dhofar Governorate, Oman

RAFO Thumrait airbase is a military airport located near Thumrait, a town in Dhofar Governorate, Oman. The Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO) are the operators of RAFO Thumrait, and is home to two RAFO squadrons of F16s. The United States Air Force (USAF) is a current tenant, and the British Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Indian Air Force (IAF) also use RAFO Thumrait during regular cross-nation military exercises.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Organization of United States Air Force Units in the Gulf War</span>

The 1990–1991 Gulf War was the last major United States Air Force combat operation of the 20th Century. The command and control of allied forces deployed to the Middle East initially as part of Operation Desert Shield, later engaging in combat operations during Operation Desert Storm, were assigned to United States Central Command Air Forces (USCENTAF), the USAF component of the Joint United States Central Command.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">No. 14 Squadron IAF</span> Military unit

No. 14 Squadron (Bulls), is a ground attack unit, operating out of AFS Ambala. The squadron currently operates SEPECAT Jaguar IS and IBs, operational since March 1981.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">No. 16 Squadron IAF</span> Military unit

No. 16 Squadron Indian Air Force , is a counter-air and interdiction unit, operating out of the Indian Air Force station in Gorakhpur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exercise TROPEX</span> Inter-service military exercise

Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise (TROPEX) is an inter-service military exercise involving the participation of the Indian Army, Air Force, Navy and the Coast Guard. The exercise generally commences at the beginning of each year and lasts a month. It is generally carried out in three phrases: independent workup phase, joint workup phase and tactical phase.

The Strike Attack Operational Evaluation Unit (SAOEU) or Strike Attack OEU, was a unit of the Royal Air Force based at RAF Boscombe Down in Wiltshire between 1987 and 2004. The unit operated the Panavia Tornado GR.1 and GR.4, BAE Harrier GR.5 & T.4A and SEPECAT Jaguar aircraft. The role of the SAOEU was to evaluate new and existing equipment and to develop fast-jet ground attack tactics in order to provide timely advice to the front line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exercise Saif Sareea</span> Series of joint military exercises held by the United Kingdom and Oman

Exercise Saif Sareea is a series of military exercises undertaken by the United Kingdom and Oman which first began in 1986 and most recently took place in 2018.

References

  1. "Total Population". National Centre for Statistics & Information, Sultanate of Oman. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  2. "Thumrait Air Base, Oman" . Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  3. "Indo-Oman Air Exercise Eastern Bridge-II Concludes," , "Livefist" blog
  4. "Indo Oman Air Exercise – Eastern Bridge – II Concludes at Jamnagar," . official Indian Air Force English language press release
  5. "Thumrait Climate Normals 1980-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved January 16, 2013.