The War of the Emboabas was a conflict in colonial Brazil waged in 1706-1707 and 1708-1709 over newly discovered gold fields, which had set off a rush to the region between two generations of Portuguese settlers in the viceroyalty of Brazil - then the Captaincy of São Vicente. The discovery of gold set off a rush to the region, Paulistas asserted rights of discovery and non-Paulistas challenged their claims. Although the Portuguese crown sought more control in the area and the Paulistas sought protection of their claims, the Emboabas won. The crown re-assessed its position in the region and made administrative changes subsequently.
Bandeirantes were settlers in Portuguese Brazil who participated in exploratory voyages during the early modern period to expand the colony's borders and subjugate indigenous Brazilians. They played a major role in expanding the colony to the modern-day borders of independent Brazil, beyond the boundaries demarcated by the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas. Bandeirantes also enslaved thousands of indigenous people, which ultimately played a major role in the genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil.
Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente, whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga.
São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga was the village that developed as São Paulo, Brazil in the region known as Campos de Piratininga. It was founded as a religious mission and a Jesuit Royal College by priests José de Anchieta and Manuel da Nóbrega on January 25, 1554. The village was initially populated by Portuguese colonists and two tribes of the Guaianás Amerindians. Later, São Paulo was the base of the Bandeirantes who explored the interior in search of slaves and gold.
José de Anchieta y Díaz de Clavijo, SJ was a Canarian Jesuit missionary to the Portuguese colony of Brazil in the second half of the 16th century. A highly influential figure in Brazil's history in the first century after its European discovery, Anchieta was one of the founders of São Paulo in 1554 and of Rio de Janeiro in 1565. He is the first playwright, the first grammarian and the first poet born in the Canary Islands, and is considered the father of Brazilian literature.
Manuel da Nóbrega, SJ was a Portuguese Jesuit priest and first Provincial of the Society of Jesus in colonial Brazil. Together with José de Anchieta, he was very influential in the early history of Brazil and participated in the founding of several cities, such as Recife, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, as well as many Jesuit colleges and seminaries.
Martim Afonso de Sousa was a Portuguese fidalgo, explorer and colonial administrator.
Pátio do Colégio is the name given to the historical Jesuit church and school in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The name is also used to refer to the square in front of the church. The Pátio do Colégio marks the site where the city was founded in 1554.
The Paulista General Language, also called Southern General Language and Austral Tupi, was a lingua franca and creole language formed in the 16th century, in the Captaincy of São Vicente. Today it is only of historical interest, as it has been a dead language since the beginning of the 20th century. It constituted the southern branch of the Língua Geral.
Genealogia Paulistana is a São Paulo historical-genealogical work written by Luís Gonzaga da Silva Leme, published in nine volumes between 1903 and 1905. It is perhaps the largest Brazilian genealogical compilation, with more than two thousand pages.
Santo André da Borda do Campo was the first European settlement in Portuguese America to be established away from the coast. It was located in the Captaincy of São Vicente, between the fields of the Piratininga plateau and the woods of the Paranapiacaba mountain range, an area that is currently occupied by the municipalities of São Caetano do Sul, Santo André and São Bernardo do Campo.
Olívia Guedes Penteado was a Brazilian art patron and philanthropist who established the Salón de Arte Moderna in São Paulo. She was a motivating force for the country's modernism movement. Penteado was a friend of key artists of this movement, such as Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral, and Heitor Villa-Lobos. Her niece, Yolanda Penteado, was also an art patron.
Quatrocentão is a term used to designate members of elite families descendant from the early settlers and explorers of São Paulo. This term was first used in the early 20th century; in the past they were referred to as primeiros povoadores or nobreza da terra. These families had occupied important positions as governors, military commanders, aldermen and explorers of early colonial South America. They received large land grants from the Portuguese Crown and originated mostly in Portugal and Spain, but some in Flanders and other places in Europe. A portion of the original settlers were noblemen of the Royal House of Portugal. Under the rule of the Habsburgs and the Iberian Union, they were joined by Spanish families, some also of noble origin. The earliest of these settlers married descendants of Martim Afonso Tibiriçá, the Amerindian chief of Piratininga, and after intermarried frequently among the families in the Genealogia Paulistana, forming an endogamous group. They were first listed in a genealogical study in the 1700s by Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes Leme and last listed in the classical genealogical work Genealogia Paulistana, published in 1905.
Bartira was the daughter of Tibiriçá, Chief of the Tupiniquim people of Piratininga and other tribes.
João Ramalho (1493–1582) was a Portuguese explorer and adventurer known as the first bandeirante. He lived much of his life among Tupiniquim natives in Brazil after he arrived there in 1515. He even became the leader of an Indian village after he developed a friendship with Tibiriçá, an important native chief at the time. Ramalho played an important role in the pacific interaction between the Portuguese and the natives, especially after the arrival of Martim Afonso de Sousa, with whom he became friends after meeting him in São Vicente, the first Portuguese settlement in the Americas. Some historians agree that his ancestors were Jews from Covilhã.
Fundadores de São Paulo is a monument located in the Vila Mariana neighbourhood of São Paulo, Brazil. It was created by the Brazilian sculptor Luis Morrone to honour the city's founders, and after ten years of construction it was inaugurated on 25 January 1963.
Piquerobi was a Tupiniquim leader who fought to expel European settlers from the Captaincy of São Vicente. He became known for fighting in the Iguape War and in the Siege of Piratininga, where he died. He was brother of cacique Tibiriçá.
The history of the city of São Paulo runs parallel to the history of Brazil, throughout approximately 469 years of its existence, in relation to the country's more than five hundred years. During the first three centuries since its foundation, São Paulo stood out in several moments as the scenario of important events of rupture in the country's history.
Art of Grammar of the Most Used Language on the Coast of Brazil is a book written in 1555 by Jesuit priest Joseph of Anchieta and first published in Portugal in the year 1595.
During the 16th-century colonization of Brazil, Old Tupi was the predominant language in the coastal regions of the country. Despite some dialectical variations, it became imperative for the fewer colonizers to learn it for territorial conquest. The earliest records of the language date back to the 1510s, but a substantial record was only produced in the 1540s. Jesuits played a crucial role in formalizing its grammar, with Joseph of Anchieta composing a grammar for it in 1555. Through intermarriage, Old Tupi permeated Brazilian society to the extent that even the children of Portuguese spoke it natively. Over time, it gave rise to lingua francas and contributed various words and a distinctive literature to Brazilian Portuguese and its society.
