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Tichileşti is a leper colony in Isaccea, Tulcea County, Romania, having 10 inhabitants in 2018. [1] Although officially a hospital, Tichileşti appears to be more like a small village, and is formally administered as a village by Isaccea. Tichileşti was founded as a monastery, in 1875 becoming a leper colony.
Tichilești's name is derived from the Turkish name of the settlement, Tekeli is derived from the Turkish word teke , meaning "he-goat". [2]
Tichileşti was founded as a monastery, in 1875 becoming a leper colony. [3] A legend says the monastery was founded by one of the Cantacuzino princesses who was affected by leprosy. Another theory of the history the settlement is that a group of Russian refugees (see Lipovans) settled there and founded the monastery, but soon became outlaws who were eventually caught. [4]
In 1918, for unknown reasons, a part of the lepers moved to Largeanca, near the Bessarabian town of Ismail, while the rest of them being allegedly killed and their bodies being burned or thrown in a lime pit. [4]
Following a 1926 newspaper article by F. Brunea-Fox, a journalist who lived with the lepers for three weeks, a hospital was built in 1928 at the monastery. [4] The houses and the central courtyard were built in the 1930s. [3]
In July 1932, a group of 25 starving lepers from Tichileşti threatened to march to Bucharest and entered the town of Isaccea demanding food. Local grocers and farmers had stopped supplying them food because the government had not been providing funding. The Isacceans barred their houses until the military escorted the lepers back to their colony. [5]
Initially, the lepers were not allowed to leave the colony. This changed in 1991, but many residents, who had lived most of their lives in the colony, continued living there. [6]
European Union funds came to Tichileşti in the decade following the year 2000, and they were able to install bathrooms, refrigerators, and satellite television, and to put air-conditioners in the canteen. [3]
The last case of leprosy in Romania was diagnosed in 1981 and the age of the patients in Tichileşti in 2002 ranged between 37 and 90, [7] most of them having an age of more than 60 years. [4] In Tichileşti there are two churches, one Orthodox and one Baptist. [6]
A cure for leprosy has been known for a long time, however the disease was too advanced for these people who live in Tichileşti. As a result they were not cured but it made it no longer contagious. [8]
Brăila County is a county (județ) of Romania, in Muntenia, with the capital city at Brăila.
Tulcea County is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea.
Suceava County is a county (județ) of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the southern portion of the historical region of Bukovina, while the remainder forms part of Western Moldavia proper. The county seat is the historical city of Suceava, formerly the capital of the Principality of Moldavia during the late Middle Ages.
Isaccea is a small town in Tulcea County, in Northern Dobruja, Romania, on the right bank of the Danube, 35 km north-west of Tulcea. According to the 2011 census, it has a population of 4,955.
Câmpulung, or Câmpulung Muscel, is a municipality in the Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Carpathian mountains, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the Râul Târgului, a tributary of the Argeș.
Măcin is a town in Tulcea County, in the Northern Dobruja region of Romania.
A leper colony, lazarette, leprosarium, or lazar house was historically a place to isolate people with leprosy. The term lazaretto, which is derived from the name of the biblical figure Saint Lazarus, can refer to isolation sites, which were at some time also "colonies", or places where lepers lived or were sent. Many of the first lazarettes were operated by Christian monastic houses. Leper hospitals exist throughout the world to treat those afflicted with leprosy, especially in Africa, Brazil, China and India.
Spinalonga is an island located in the Gulf of Elounda in north-eastern Crete, in Lasithi, next to the town of Plaka. The island is further assigned to the area of Kalydon. It is near the Spinalonga peninsula – which often causes confusion as the same name is used for both. The official Greek name of the island today is Kalydon.
Islam in Romania is followed by only 0.3 percent of population, but has 700 years of tradition in Northern Dobruja, a region on the Black Sea coast which was part of the Ottoman Empire for almost five centuries. In present-day Romania, most adherents to Islam belong to the Tatar and Turkish ethnic communities and follow the Sunni doctrine. The Islamic religion is one of the 16 rites awarded state recognition.
The Ukrainians are the third-largest ethnic minority in Romania. According to the 2011 Romanian census they number 51,703 people, making up 0.3% of the total population. Ukrainians claim that the number is actually 250,000–300,000. Ukrainians mainly live in northern Romania, in areas close to the Ukrainian border. Over 60% of all Romanian Ukrainians live in Maramureș County (31,234), where they make up 6.77% of the population.
The Turks of Romania, also known as Turkish Romanians and Romanian Turks, are ethnic Turks who form an ethnic minority in Romania. According to the 2011 census, there were 28,226 Turks living in the country, forming a minority of some 0.15% of the population. Of these, 81.1% were recorded in the Dobruja region of the country's southeast, near the Black Sea, in the counties of Constanța (21,014) and Tulcea (1,891), with a further 8.5% residing in the national capital Bucharest (2,388).
Murighiol is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of seven villаges:
Casimcea is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Casimcea, Cișmeaua Nouă, Corugea, Haidar, Rahman and Războieni.
C.A. Rosetti is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune is named for writer Constantin Alexandru Rosetti. It is composed of five villages: C.A. Rosetti, Cardon, Letea, Periprava and Sfiștofca. At the 2011 census, 65.7% of the inhabitants were Romanians, 24.3% Russian Lipovans and 9.8% Ukrainians.
Crișan is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It includes three villages: Caraorman (45°04′54″N29°23′20″E), Crișan (45°10′25″N29°23′26″E) and Mila 23 (45°13′43″N29°14′57″E).
Niculițel is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Niculițel.
Gheorghe I. Cantacuzino is a Romanian historian and archeologist.
Worldwide, two to three million people are estimated to be permanently disabled because of leprosy. India has the greatest number of cases, with Brazil second and Indonesia third.
Ioan Bogdan was a Romanian linguist, historian and philologist, the author of studies on the language of Slavic and Romanian documents and creator of Slavo-Romanian philology. In 1903, Bogdan was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy.
