The Oakland Athletics are an American professional baseball team based in Oakland,California. The Athletics compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division. The team plays its home games at the Oakland Coliseum. Throughout their history,the Athletics have won nine World Series championships.
The Philadelphia Phillies are an American professional baseball team based in Philadelphia. They compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the National League (NL) East division. Since 2004,the team's home stadium has been Citizens Bank Park,located in South Philadelphia. The Phillies are the oldest continuous same-name,same-city franchise in American professional sports.
The Pittsburgh Pirates are an American professional baseball team based in Pittsburgh. The Pirates compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. Founded as part of the American Association in 1881 under the name Pittsburgh Allegheny,the club joined the National League in 1887 and was a member of the National League East from 1969 through 1993. The Pirates have won five World Series championships,nine National League pennants,nine National League East division titles and made three appearances in the Wild Card Game.
The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco. The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams,and renamed three years later the New York Giants,the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958.
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. As of 2022,a total of 30 teams play in Major League Baseball—15 teams in the National League (NL) and 15 in the American League (AL)—with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. The NL and AL were formed in 1876 and 1901,respectively. Beginning in 1903,the two leagues signed the National Agreement and cooperated but remained legally separate entities until 2000,when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan.
The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs,known simply as the National League (NL),is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada,and the world's oldest extant professional team sports league. Founded on February 2,1876,to replace the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP) of 1871–1875,the NL is sometimes called the Senior Circuit,in contrast to MLB's other league,the American League,which was founded 25 years later and is called the "Junior Circuit".
In baseball,an unassisted triple play occurs when a defensive player makes all three outs by himself in one continuous play,without his teammates making any assists. Neal Ball was the first to achieve this in Major League Baseball (MLB) under modern rules,doing so on July 19,1909. For this rare play to be possible there must be no outs in the inning and at least two runners on base,normally with the runners going on the pitch. An unassisted triple play usually consists of a hard line drive hit directly at an infielder for the first out,with that same fielder then able to double off one of the base runners and tag a second for the second and third outs.
The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of another position player,most commonly the pitcher. The position is authorized by Major League Baseball Rule 5.11. It was adopted by the American League in 1973 and later by the National League in 2022,making it universal in MLB. Within that time frame,nearly all amateur,collegiate,and professional leagues have adopted the rule or some variant with the notable exception of Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League.
The Players' National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs,popularly known as the Players' League (PL),was a short-lived but star-studded professional American baseball league of the 19th century. The PL was formed by the Brotherhood of Professional Base Ball Players in November 1889,after a dispute over pay with the National League (NL) and American Association (AA). The NL had implemented a reserve clause in 1879,which limited the ability of players to negotiate across teams for their salaries;both the AA and NL had passed a salary cap of US$2,000 per player in 1885,equivalent to $50,737 in 2020;the owners of the NL had agreed to remove the salary cap in 1887 but failed to do so. Major League Baseball (MLB) considers the PL a "major" league for official statistical purposes.
The Athletic Base Ball Club of Philadelphia was a prominent National Association,and later National League,professional baseball team that played in the second half of the 19th century.
George Washington Bradley,nicknamed "Grin",was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher and infielder. He played for multiple teams in the early years of the National League,the oldest league still active in Major League Baseball (MLB). Bradley is noted for pitching the first no-hitter that is officially recognized by MLB,on July 15,1876,for the St. Louis Brown Stockings against the Hartford Dark Blues. As a player,he was listed at 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) and 175 pounds (79 kg);he threw and batted right-handed.
The Utica Blue Sox was the name of two minor league baseball teams based in Utica,New York.
Joseph Emley Borden,aka Joe Josephs,,nicknamed "Josephus the Phenomenal",was a starting pitcher in professional baseball for two seasons. Born in the Jacobstown section of North Hanover Township,New Jersey,he was playing for a Philadelphia amateur team when he was discovered by the Philadelphia White Stockings of the National Association (NA) in 1875. The White Stockings needed a replacement for a recently released pitcher,and were awaiting the arrival of a replacement. During his short,seven-game stint with the team,he posted a 2–4 win–loss record,both victories recorded as shutouts. On July 28 of that season,he threw what is thought to be the first no-hitter in professional baseball history.
John Edgar Clapp,nicknamed "Honest John",was a professional baseball player-manager whose career spanned 12 seasons,11 of which were spent with the Major League Baseball (MLB) Middletown Mansfields (1872),Philadelphia Athletics (1873–75),St. Louis Brown Stockings (1876–77),Indianapolis Blues (1878),Buffalo Bisons (1879),Cincinnati Stars (1880),Cleveland Blues (1881),and New York Gothams (1883). Clapp,who predominately played as a catcher,also played as an outfielder. Over his career,Clapp compiled a career batting average of .283 with 459 runs scored,713 hits,92 doubles,35 triples,7 home runs,and 834 runs batted in (RBI). Over 1,188 games played,Clapp struck out 51 times. Although the majority of his career was spent in the major leagues,Clapp also played two seasons of minor league baseball. He made his MLB debut at the age of 21 and was listed as standing 5 feet 7 inches (170 cm) and weighing 194 pounds (88 kg). His brother,Aaron Clapp,also played one season of MLB for the Troy Trojans.
William Charles "Cherokee" Fisher was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played in the National Association from 1871 to 1875 and the National League in 1876 and 1878.
The Philadelphia Phillies are a Major League Baseball team based in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania. They are a member of the Eastern Division of Major League Baseball's National League. The team has played officially under two names since beginning play in 1883:the current moniker,as well as the "Quakers",which was used in conjunction with "Phillies" during the team's early history. The team was also known unofficially as the "Blue Jays" during the World War II era. Since the franchise's inception,2,081 players have made an appearance in a competitive game for the team,whether as an offensive player or a defensive player.
Below are the rosters of the minor league affiliates of the Philadelphia Phillies:
George A. Heubel was a German American professional baseball player. He was the first player born in Germany to play in the National Association and the National League.
The 1961 Major League Baseball expansion resulted in the formation of two new Major League Baseball (MLB) franchises in the American League (AL). A new club was started in Washington,D.C. and took the existing name of the Senators,as the previous team of the same name moved to Minnesota for the start of the 1961 season and became the Twins. The second new franchise was granted to an ownership group led by Gene Autry for a team in Los Angeles who named themselves the Angels. The two new teams each paid a fee of $2.1 million and became the 17th and 18th franchises in MLB.
The 1962 Major League Baseball expansion was the formation of two new Major League Baseball (MLB) teams for the 1962 season. The Houston Colt .45s and the New York Mets were added to the National League (NL),becoming the 19th and 20th teams in MLB's two leagues. The Colt .45s were the first major league team in Houston while the Mets filled the void left when the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers of the NL moved to California after the 1957 season.
