Timeline of 15th-century Muslim history

Last updated


Timeline of Islamic history: 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th | 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th | 21st century

This is a timeline of major events in the Muslim world from 1400 AD to 1499 AD (803 AH – 905 AH).

Contents

1400–1409

Golden Horde

Mamluk Empire

Ottoman Empire

Timurid Empire

1410–1419

Golden Horde

Ottoman Empire

Nogai Horde

1420–1429

Golden Horde

Kara Koyunlu

Morocco

Tunisia

Uzbeks

1430–1440

Ak Koyunlu

Golden Horde

Kara Koyunlu

Khanate of Kazan

Mamluk Empire

Tunisia

Uzbeks

1440–1449

Ak Koyunlu

Ottoman Empire

Timurid Empire

Uzbeks

1450–1459

Ak Koyunlu

Great Horde

Mamluk Empire

Ottoman Empire

Timurid Empire

1460–1469

Ottoman Empire

Mamluk Empire

Great Horde

Kara Koyunlu

Morocco

Mamluk Empire

Kazakh Khanate

Uzbeks

Ak Koyunlu

Timurid Empire

1470–1479

Morocco

Kazakh Khanate

Ottoman Empire

Ak Koyunlu

1480–1489

Great Horde

Kazakh Khanate

Ottoman Empire

Uzbeks

Tunisia

1490–1500

Tunisia

Iberia

Ak Koyunlu

Mamluk Empire

Uzbeks

Great Horde

Ottoman Empire

See also

Timeline of Muslim history

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chagatai Khanate</span> 1226–1347 Turkicized Mongol khanate in Central Asia

The Chagatai Khanate, or Chagatai Ulus was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate that comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, and his descendants and successors. At its height in the late 13th century the khanate extended from the Amu Darya south of the Aral Sea to the Altai Mountains in the border of modern-day Mongolia and China, roughly corresponding to the area once ruled by the Qara Khitai.

The names of people, battles, and places need to be spelled as they are on other articles title and then wikified.

Uzun Hasan or Uzun Hassan was a ruler of the Turkoman Aq Qoyunlu state and is generally considered to be its strongest ruler. Hasan ruled between 1452 and 1478, and would preside over the confederation's territorial apex when it included parts or all of present-day Iraq, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran, Transcaucasia and Syria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jahan Shah</span> Padishah-i Iran

Muzaffar al-Din Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf was the leader of the Qara Qoyunlu Oghuz Turkic tribal confederacy in Azerbaijan and Arran who reigned c. 1438 – 1467. During his reign he managed to expand the Qara Qoyunlu's territory to its largest extent, including Eastern Anatolia, most of present-day Iraq, central Iran, and even eventually Kerman. He also conquered neighbouring states. He was one of the greatest rulers of the Qara Qoyunlu. He was also allegedly fond of drinking and entertainment. During his reign Jahan Shah had the Gökmedrese and Muzafferiye theological schools constructed in his capital city Tabriz.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sultan Husayn Bayqara</span> Timurid ruler of Herat (c.1469–1506)

Sultan Husayn Bayqara Mirza was the Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in 1470.

Shaikh Hasan, also known as "Hasan Buzurg", Hassan the Jalair or Hassan-e Uljatâï was the first of several de facto independent Jalayirid rulers of Iraq and central Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Uzbek Khanate</span> 1428–1471 Shaybanid state preceding the Khanate of Bukhara

The Uzbek Khanate, also known as the Abulkhair Khanate was a Shaybanid state preceding the Khanate of Bukhara. During the few years it existed, the Uzbek Khanate was the preeminent state in Central Asia, ruling over most of modern-day Uzbekistan, much of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, and parts of southern Russia. This is the first state of the Abulkhairids, a branch of the Shaybanids.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jalayirid Sultanate</span> 1335–1432 Persianate Mongol state in modern Iraq and western Iran

The Jalayirid Sultanate was a Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over modern-day Iraq and western Iran after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s. It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkoman. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Qara Qoyunlu in 1432.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Farrukh Yasar</span> Shah of Shirvan

Farrukh Yasar was the last independent Shirvanshah of Shirvan (1465–1500). In 1500, the first Safavid ruler, Ismail I, decisively defeated and killed Farrukh Yasar during his conquest of the area. Descendants of Farrukh Yasar continued to rule Shirvan under Safavid suzerainty, until 1538, when Ismail's son and successor Tahmasp I appointed its first Safavid governor, and made it a fully functioning Safavid province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abu'l-Khayr Khan</span> Uzbek Khan from 1428 to 1468

Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1412–1468), also known as Bulgar Khan, was Khan of the Uzbek Khanate which united the nomadic Central Asian tribes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aq Qoyunlu</span> Persianate, Sunni-Muslim Turkoman confederation (1378–1508)

The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Turkoman tribal confederation. Founded in the Diyarbakir region by Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg, they ruled parts of present-day eastern Turkey from 1378 to 1503, and in their last decades also ruled Armenia, Azerbaijan, much of Iran, Iraq, and Oman where the ruler of Hormuz recognised Aq Qoyunlu suzerainty. The Aq Qoyunlu empire reached its zenith under Uzun Hasan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dawlat Berdi</span> Khan of the Golden Horde

Dawlat Berdi, also known as Devlet Berdi, was Khan of the Golden Horde who reigned from 1419 to 1421, and again from 1428 to his death in 1432. He was the son of Jabbar Berdi and a descendant of Berke Khan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abu Sa'id Mirza</span> Sultan of the Timurid Empire (1451–1469)

Abu Sa'id Mirza was the ruler of the Timurid Empire during the mid-fifteenth century, and he was the paternal grandfather to the Mirza Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur Badshah Ghazi, who founded the Moghul Empire in the South Asian subcontinent in 1526 AD. Born a minor prince of the Timurid dynasty, Abu Sa'id quickly established himself as the most prominent among his warring relations. Over the course of two decades, he reunified much of the Timurid Empire, which had become fractured in the aftermath of the death of his great-uncle Shah Rukh. However, Abu Sa'id's hopes of restoring the empire to its former extent at the time of Timur ultimately failed after he was killed during an invasion of what is now western Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Qarabagh</span> Battle of the Timurid-Aq Qoyunlu wars

The Battle of Qarabagh was fought on February 4, 1469, between Aq Qoyunlu under Uzun Hasan, and the Timurids of Samarkand under Abu Sa'id Mirza, resulting in the latter's defeat, imprisonment and execution. After the battle, the Timurids forever lost any hopes of gaining Iraq or Iran back into their kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Shahrukhiya</span> Battle of the Timurid Civil Wars

Abu Sa'id Mirza occupied Herat on July 19, 1457. But he had to immediately abandon the city in order to deal with the Balkh revolt by the sons of Abdal-Latif Mirza, one of whom he killed in battle while the other Juki Mirza escaped to the steppes in the north under the protection of Abul-Khayr Khan, the Khan of the Uzbek principality of Tura, a part of the empire of Desht-i Kipchak region that lies to the east of Ural mountains.

Shah Budak was Beg of Dulkadir from October 1465 to April 1466 and 4 June 1472 to 1480. During the reign of his brother, Malik Arslan, Shah Budak took refuge in Mamluk Egypt. He took advantage of the discord between Malik Arslan and the Mamluks by provoking the Mamluk sultan to commission his brother's assassination. Malik Arslan was killed in October 1465, and Shah Budak rose to the throne afterwards. However, before the Mamluk forces could come to his aid, he was defeated by his other brother, Shah Suwar, who was backed by the Ottoman Empire ruled by Mehmed II. Shah Suwar was engaged in continuous warfare against the Mamluk Sultanate, whereas Shah Budak took sides with the latter. Shah Suwar was caught by the Mamluk forces on 4 June 1472.

The Kazakh War of Independence (1468–1500) was a conflict fought in Central Asia between the Kazakh Khanate and the Uzbek Khanate, which attempted to maintain its control over most of modern-day Kazakhstan, which at the time was under Uzbek rule. The war started after Abu'l-Khayr, Khan of the Uzbek Khanate, attacked Zhetysu in 1468 which was controlled by a small band of rebel Kazakhs who had split from the original Uzbek Khanate. Abu’l Khayr did so in an attempt to prevent the growing Kazakh influence among the steppe. However, he died unknowingly, making it easier for the Kazakhs to expand their influence. After Abu'l-Khayr Khan's death, the Uzbeks continued to be ruled by the Shaybanids who fought against the Kazakhs in the cities that were on the Syr Darya until both sides agreed to peace in 1500 with the Kazakh Khanate gaining its sovereignty from the Uzbek control. At the end of the war, the Uzbek Khanate transferred most of Kazakhstan to the Kazakh Khanate.

Jalal ad-Din Ali ibn Qara Yoluq Osman, or Ali Beg was the sixth bey of the Turkoman tribal federation of the Aq Qoyunlu from 1435 to 1438.

References

  1. Grousset, Rene: The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia, pg. 180. Rutgers University Press, 1970.
  2. Castillo, Dennis Angelo (2006). The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 36–37. ISBN   0313323291.