Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency

Last updated

This is a timeline of the 1967–present Naxalite–Maoist insurgency in eastern India.

Contents

1960s-1977

1977-1990s

2000s

2002

The People's War Group (PWG) intensified its attacks against politicians, police officers, and land and business owners in response to a July ban imposed on the group by the Andhra Pradesh government. The government responded by tightening security, allegedly ordering attacks on suspected PWG members by state police and the "Green Tigers". Police forces continued to have virtual impunity for the killing of PWG rebels during police encounters. The Maoist Communist Center rebels intensified their armed campaign against Indian security forces following the killing of their leader by police in December. An estimated 140 people were killed in fighting between the PWG and government forces throughout the year. According to government reports, 482 people have died during the conflict in 2002.

2004

Sporadic, low:intensity fighting between the PWG and government forces continued for most of the year. Attacks on police and Telugu Desam Party officials, believed to be carried out by the PWG, accounted for most major incidents and deaths. A three:month cease:fire, announced in late June, led to failed negotiations between the government and the PWG. A few days into the cease:fire, an attack attributed to the PWG placed the cease:fire in jeopardy. More than 500 people were killed in sporadic, low:intensity fighting, a reduction from previous years. Most victims were members of the police forces or the Telugu Desam Party (a regional political party).

2005

Violent clashes between Maoist rebels and state security forces and paramilitary groups increased following the breakdown of peace talks between the PWG and the state government of Andhra Pradesh. Rebels continued to employ a wide range of low intensity guerrilla tactics against government institutions, officials, security forces and paramilitary groups. For the first time in recent years, Maoist rebels launched two large scale attacks against urban government targets. Fighting was reported in 12 states covering most of south, central and north India with the exception of India's northeast and northwest. More than 700 people were reported killed this year in violent clashes. Over one:third of those killed were civilians.

2006

Maoist attacks continued, primarily on government and police targets. Civilians were also impacted by landmine attacks affecting railway cars and truck convoys. Clashes between state police and rebels also resulted in deaths of members of both parties, and civilians that were caught in the firing. Fighting differs from state to state, depending on security and police force responses. In the state of Andhra Pradesh, security forces have been somewhat successful in maintaining control and combating Maoist rebels. The other state that is most affected, Chhattisgarh, has seen an increase in violence between Maoist rebels and villagers who are supported by the government. In 2006, 500 to 750 people were estimated killed, fewer than half Naxalites, and approximately one-third civilians.

2007

Fighting continued between Naxalite Maoists and government security forces throughout the year. The majority of hostilities took place in Chhattisgarh, which turned especially deadly when over 400 Naxalites attacked a Chhattisgarh police station, seizing arms and killing dozens.

2008

Civilians were most impacted by the ongoing fighting between Maoist rebels and government security forces. Of the 16 states affected by this conflict, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand were the most impacted. One positive note for Chhattisgarh was that fatalities, although still high, were significantly down from 2007. Similarly, Andhra Pradesh, the state with the most Maoist activity a few years ago, has improved security with a corresponding drop in fatality rates. Unfortunately, as conditions have improved in Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh, the Maoist forces seem to have shifted their operations to the state of Orissa where conditions have worsened. South Asia Terrorism Portal's fatality count across the six states that saw the majority of the fighting (Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh) was 794. This included 399 civilians, 221 security force personnel and 174 insurgents.

2009

In 2009, Naxalites were active across approximately 180 districts in ten states of India. [12] Around 1100 people died, including 600 civilians, 300 security personnel and 200 naxals. [37]

2010s

2010

DateEventDeaths
15 February Shilda camp attack . A Naxalite attack on a para military camp in West Bengal kills 24 para military personnel, with many more reported missing.24+
18 FebruaryThe Maoists dragged a doctor out from his house and shot him dead. The Maoists then threatened the villagers with dire consequences if they inform the police. [58] 1
18 FebruaryAt least 12 villagers were killed and 12 injured in indiscriminate firing by the Maoists in Jamui district of Bihar. 25 village houses were also burned down. [59] [60] 12+
20 FebruaryMaoists killed a village guard by slitting his throat.[ citation needed ]1
4 April11 policemen were killed and ten wounded when rebels blew up a police bus in Orissa's Koraput district. [61] 11
6 April Dantewada ambush . Naxalite rebels killed 75 Indian paramilitary personnel and 1 state police constable in a series of attacks on security convoys in Dantewada district in the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh. [62] The attack resulted in the biggest loss of life security forces have suffered since launching a large:scale offensive against the rebels. [62] 76
30 April2 lorry drivers were dragged out from their truck and shot dead. [63] 2
2 MayA 16 year old girl who fled the Maoist camp was allegedly raped by the Maoists. [64] [65] -
8 MayEight Indian paramilitary troopers were killed when Naxalite rebels blew up a police vehicle in the central state of Chhattisgarh. [66] 8
16 MaySix villagers were murdered by slitting their throats by the Maoists. [67] 6
17 May 2010 Dantewada bus bombing 44
29 June 2010 Maoist attack in Narayanpur [68] 26
8–10 JulyMaoist rebels carried out a series of attacks, including shootings and bombings across many numerous Indian states around the country, killing eleven. Six Naxalites were also killed by police [69] [70] 11

2011

Despite the continued violence in 2011, the most recent central government campaign to contain and reduce the militant Naxalite presence appears to be having some success, the 2011 toll of 447 civilians and 142 security personnel killed having been nearly 50% lower than the 2010 toll. Some states experiencing this sharp reduction in Naxalite hostilities, such as Madhya Pradesh, attribute their success to their use of IAP funds for rural development. [87] Soni Sori, an Indian activist and political leader, went on a hunger strike after being denied access to visit Hidme's district or her family members. She has been a vocal voice against instances of gender:related violence. The Delhi Police's Crime Branch for Chhattisgarh arrested her in 2011 on charges of acting as a conduit for Maoists. [88]

2012

In Mid March, Maoist rebels kidnapped two Italians in Orissa. They later released one, while the government of Orissa negotiated for the release of the second. The Maoists released the second hostage in the middle of April. The Member of the Legislative Assembly(MLA) of Laxmipur constituency (Orissa), Jhin Hikka, was abducted by the Maoists in March, who demand the release of 30 Maoist cadres (presently in jail) in exchange for the freedom of the MLA. The Orissa Government is negotiating with the cadres with the help of arbitrators to free the MLA. [93]

On 27 March 2012, an explosion blamed on Maoists killed 15 Indian policemen in Maharashtra. [93]

DateEventDeaths
10 JuneA CRPF trooper was killed in a blast by Maoists in a forested area in Gaya. [94] 1
29 June17 men, and one woman, suspected to be Naxalites, were killed in an encounter, and seven were arrested. 6 CRPF soldiers were injured. [95] 18
1 July36 Maoist rebels were arrested in Visakhapatnam, including Lambayya, a Naxalite leader, with a bounty of Rs. 30,000 on his head. [96] -
18 OctSix CRPF men were killed and eight personnel, including a deputy commandant, were injured in landmine blasts and gunbattle between the cops and the Maoists that followed the explosions during an anti:Naxal operation near Barha village under the Dumaria police station in Gaya district. [97] 6

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Total Incidents 21 happened 94 (+1) killed 20 wounded.

2019

2020s

2020

2021

2022

2023

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Communist Party of India (Maoist)</span> Maoist political party and militant group in India

The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist banned communist political party and militant organization in India which aims to overthrow the "semi-colonial and semi-feudal Indian state" through protracted people's war. It was founded on 21 September 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War (People's War Group) and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCCI). The party has been designated as a terrorist organisation in India under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act since 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahendra Karma</span>

Mahendra Karma was an Indian political leader belonging to Indian National Congress from Chhattisgarh. He was the leader of the opposition in the Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha from 2004 to 2008. In 2005, he played a top role in organising the Salwa Judum movement against Naxalites, a Maoist group in Chhattisgarh. He was a Minister of Industry and Commerce in the Ajit Jogi cabinet since the state formation in 2000 to 2004. He was assassinated by Naxalites on 25 May 2013 in the 2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley while returning from a Parivartan Rally meeting organised by his party in Sukma.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Dantewada bombing</span> 2023 terrorist attack

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