The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency is part of an ongoing conflict between Left-wing extremist groups and the Indian government. [1] The insurgency started after the 1967 Naxalbari uprising and the subsequent split of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) leading to the creation of a Marxist–Leninist faction. [2] The faction splintered into various groups supportive of Maoist ideology, claiming to fight a rural rebellion and people's war against the government. [3]
The armed wing of the Maoists is called the People's Liberation Guerrilla Army. [4] [5] They have conducted multiple attacks on the security forces and government workers. [6] The influence zone of the Naxalites is called the red corridor, which consists of about 25 districts in Central and East India in 2021. [7] [8] [9] The insurgency reached its peak in the late 2000s with almost 180 affected districts and has been on the decline since then due to the counter-insurgency actions and development plans formulated by the Government. [10] Naxalite organisations and groups have been declared as terrorist organisations under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967). [11] [12]
Year | Incidents | Deaths | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Civilians | Security Forces | Maoists | Not Specified | Total | ||
2000 | 116 | 94 | 40 | 135 | 9 | 278 |
2001 | 199 | 130 | 116 | 169 | 44 | 459 |
2002 | 182 | 123 | 115 | 163 | 30 | 431 |
2003 | 319 | 193 | 114 | 246 | 30 | 583 |
2004 | 127 | 89 | 82 | 87 | 22 | 280 |
2005 | 343 | 259 | 147 | 282 | 24 | 712 |
2006 | 248 | 249 | 128 | 343 | 14 | 734 |
2007 | 274 | 218 | 234 | 195 | 25 | 672 |
2008 | 246 | 184 | 215 | 228 | 19 | 646 |
2009 | 407 | 368 | 319 | 314 | 12 | 1013 |
2010 | 481 | 630 | 267 | 265 | 18 | 1180 |
2011 | 302 | 259 | 137 | 210 | 0 | 606 |
2012 | 235 | 156 | 96 | 125 | 1 | 378 |
2013 | 186 | 164 | 103 | 151 | 0 | 418 |
2014 | 185 | 127 | 98 | 121 | 4 | 350 |
2015 | 171 | 90 | 56 | 110 | 0 | 256 |
2016 | 263 | 122 | 62 | 250 | 0 | 434 |
2017 | 200 | 107 | 76 | 152 | 0 | 335 |
2018 | 218 | 108 | 73 | 231 | 0 | 412 |
2019 | 176 | 99 | 49 | 154 | 0 | 302 |
2020 | 138 | 61 | 44 | 134 | 0 | 239 |
2021 | 124 | 58 | 51 | 128 | 0 | 237 |
2022 | 107 | 53 | 15 | 66 | 0 | 134 |
2023 | 113 | 61 | 31 | 57 | 0 | 149 |
2024 | 161 | 80 | 21 | 296 | 0 | 397 |
2025 | 72 | 25 | 23 | 252 | 0 | 300 |
Total | 5520 | 4084 | 2691 | 4614 | 252 | 11640 |