Tinaja

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Tinajas in Lincoln County, Nevada Tinajas.jpg
Tinajas in Lincoln County, Nevada
Ernst tinaja, Big Bend National Park, Texas Flickr - ggallice - Ernst tinaja (2).jpg
Ernst tinaja, Big Bend National Park, Texas
Tenaja Falls part of Tenaja Canyon Creek, Cleveland National Forest, California, USA - seen from Tenaja Truck Trail Tenaja falls 2.jpg
Tenaja Falls part of Tenaja Canyon Creek, Cleveland National Forest, California, USA - seen from Tenaja Truck Trail

A tinaja [tiˈnaxa] , sometimes tenaja, is a surface pocket (depression) formed in bedrock that occurs below waterfalls, that is carved out by spring flow or seepage, [1] or that is caused by sand and gravel scouring in intermittent streams (arroyos). [2] [3] The term usually implies a natural or geologic cistern in rock which retains water. They are often created by erosional processes within intermittent streams.

Contents

Tinajas are an important source of surface water storage in arid environments. [2] [4]

These relatively rare landforms are important ecologically, because they support unique plant communities and provide important services to terrestrial wildlife. [5]

Etymology

From the Spanish tinaja: a clay pot or earthenware jar, [6] and is used in the American Southwest.

United States

Before European settlers came to America, tenajas were a valuable source of water for early Native Americans traveling in the desert areas of the Southwest. Today, tenajas are an integral part of sustaining life in the arid Southwest. For example, tenajas at the Santa Rosa Plateau in southern California allow western pond turtles, California newts and red-legged frogs to survive through dry summer months. [7]

During prolonged dry spells, deep tinajas may trap desert animals who cannot climb out due to the smooth walls. [8] [9] [10]

Examples

References

  1. ↑ Osterkamp, W. R. 2008. Annotated Definitions of Selected Geomorphic Terms and Related Terms of Hydrology, Sedimentology, Soil Science and Ecology: Reston, Virginia, Open File Report 2008-1217, pp 49
  2. 1 2 Fox, William (2005). Desert Water. Portland, Oregon: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company. p.  12. ISBN   978-1-55868-858-2.
  3. ↑ Mabbutt, J. A. (1977). Desert Landforms. Canberra: Australian National University Press. p. 182. ISBN   978-0-7081-0437-8.
  4. ↑ Brown, T. B. and R. R. Johnson. 1983. The distribution of bedrock depressions (tinajas) as sources of surface water in Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona. Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science 18: 61-68.
  5. ↑ National Park Service (NPS). 2006. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument Ecological Monitoring Report, 1997–2005, Chapter 14: Water Quality.https://www.nps.gov/orpi/learn/nature/orpi-ecological-monitoring-report.htm
  6. ↑ "Check out the translation for "tinaja" on SpanishDict!". SpanishDict . Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  7. 1 2 "Plants | RiversideCountyParks.org". www.riversidecountyparks.org. Archived from the original on 2009-05-08.
  8. 1 2 "Ernst Tinaja (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  9. 1 2 "Ernst Tinaja, Big Bend National Park". www.texasescapes.com. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  10. 1 2 "Big Bend Virtual Field Trip - Ernst Tinaja". prism-redfern.org. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  11. ↑ "GNIS Detail - Tenaja Canyon". geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  12. ↑ "Cleveland National Forest - San Mateo Canyon Trail (5W05)". Fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  13. ↑ "Tenaja Canyon". Modern Hiker. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  14. ↑ "SANTA ROSA PLATEAU WILDLIFE AREA". RivCoParks. Retrieved 2021-05-08.

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