Tingri County 定日县 • དིང་རི་རྫོང་། Dhringgri | |
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Coordinates(Tingri County seat, Shelkar): 28°39′36″N87°7′30″E / 28.66000°N 87.12500°E | |
Country | China |
Autonomous region | Tibet |
Prefecture-level city | Xigazê |
County seat | Shelkar |
Area | |
• Total | 13,861.21 km2 (5,351.84 sq mi) |
Population (2020) [1] | |
• Total | 58,173 |
• Density | 4.2/km2 (11/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Website | www |
Tingri County | |||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||
Simplified Chinese | 定日县 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 定日縣 | ||||||
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Tibetan name | |||||||
Tibetan | དིང་རི་རྫོང་། | ||||||
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Tingri County (Tibetan :དིང་རི་རྫོང་།;simplified Chinese :定日县; traditional Chinese :定日縣; pinyin :DìngrìXiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Xigazê in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. [2]
The county comprises the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River,with the valleys of its tributaries,the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsanpo which flow south into Nepal. It is bordered on the south by the main range of the Himalayas,including Mount Everest (Tib. Jomolangma),Makalu and Cho Oyu. The present county administration is located at Shelkar,about 87 km (54 mi) east of Tingri (town). [3]
Tingri is one of the four counties (the other three being Dinjie,Nyalam,and Kyirong) that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve, [4] a protected area spanning 3.381 million hectares.
On 7 January 2025 at 09:05 CST (UTC+8),an earthquake measuring Mw 7.1 or Ms 6.8 struck Tingri County.
Tingri County is named after a nearby hill,which itself is reportedly named after the sound a falling stone made when it hit the hill. [5]
Shelkar Dzong was built in the area of the present-day county during the time of the Kashag. [5]
In 1960,Dingri County was established,and in June of that year,a local county government was established. [5] The county headquarters were originally established in Shelkar,but were moved to Gangga in August. [5] In July 1968,the local government moved back to Shelkar,where it remains today. [5]
In 1992,the county was added to the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve. [6]
Dingri County is a county under the jurisdiction of prefecture-level city of Xigazê. It is located in the southern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region and the south-central part of Xigazê. [6] It borders DinggyêCounty and Sa'gya County to the east,Nyalam County to the west,Ngamring County to the north,Lhatse County to the northeast,and Nepal to the south. [6] It is 115 kilometres (71 mi) long from east to west and 152 kilometres (94 mi) wide from north to south,with a total area of about 14,000 square kilometres (5,400 sq mi). [6]
Tingri County is located at the northern foot of the middle section of the Himalayas,and at the northern foot of Mount Everest. [6] The county's landscape is extremely mountainous,with an average altitude of more than 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) above sea level,and the county seat situated at an altitude of 4,300 metres (14,100 ft) above sea level. [6] The world's highest peak,Mount Everest,and the world's sixth-highest mountain,Cho Oyu,are located in the county. [6]
The Arun River flows eastward out of the country. [6]
Tingri County's climate has large temperature differences between day and night,a high amount of sunshine hours,and little annual precipitation. [6]
Climate data for Tingri,elevation 4,300 m (14,100 ft),(1991–2020 normals,extremes 1981–2018) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 14.7 (58.5) | 15.0 (59.0) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.8 (69.4) | 23.8 (74.8) | 25.1 (77.2) | 25.8 (78.4) | 23.4 (74.1) | 22.8 (73.0) | 19.3 (66.7) | 17.2 (63.0) | 13.4 (56.1) | 25.8 (78.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) | 5.1 (41.2) | 8.3 (46.9) | 11.9 (53.4) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.2 (68.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 18.2 (64.8) | 17.5 (63.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 8.8 (47.8) | 5.8 (42.4) | 12.4 (54.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) | −4.4 (24.1) | −0.8 (30.6) | 3.1 (37.6) | 7.6 (45.7) | 12.1 (53.8) | 12.6 (54.7) | 11.6 (52.9) | 10.1 (50.2) | 4.0 (39.2) | −1.6 (29.1) | −5.2 (22.6) | 3.6 (38.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.1 (3.0) | −14.1 (6.6) | −10.1 (13.8) | −5.4 (22.3) | −0.2 (31.6) | 5.2 (41.4) | 7.4 (45.3) | 6.9 (44.4) | 4.1 (39.4) | −4.2 (24.4) | −10.9 (12.4) | −14.9 (5.2) | −4.4 (24.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −27.7 (−17.9) | −25.3 (−13.5) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −14.0 (6.8) | −8.3 (17.1) | −4.0 (24.8) | 1.4 (34.5) | 0.2 (32.4) | −4.1 (24.6) | −12.3 (9.9) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −32.6 (−26.7) | −32.6 (−26.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.0 (0.04) | 0.7 (0.03) | 0.6 (0.02) | 2.6 (0.10) | 9.1 (0.36) | 23.0 (0.91) | 108.4 (4.27) | 116.7 (4.59) | 27.1 (1.07) | 1.7 (0.07) | 0.9 (0.04) | 0.5 (0.02) | 292.3 (11.52) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 6.7 | 16.4 | 17.8 | 7.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 57.1 |
Average snowy days | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 17.6 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 27 | 27 | 29 | 34 | 40 | 48 | 59 | 64 | 56 | 41 | 34 | 28 | 41 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 281.1 | 262.5 | 300.2 | 300.2 | 327.7 | 289.6 | 222.0 | 220.0 | 261.6 | 310.2 | 292.9 | 286.5 | 3,354.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 86 | 82 | 80 | 77 | 78 | 70 | 52 | 55 | 72 | 89 | 92 | 90 | 77 |
Source:China Meteorological Administration [7] [8] all-time extreme temperature [9] |
Tingri County is divided into 2 towns and 11 townships.
Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | ||
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Towns | ||||||
Shelkar | 协格尔镇 | Xiégé'ěr zhèn | ཤེལ་དཀར་གྲོང་རྡལ། | shel dkar grong rdal | ||
Gangga | 岗嘎镇 | Gǎnggāzhèn | སྒང་དགའ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | sgang dga' grong rdal | ||
Townships | ||||||
Tashi Dzom Township | 扎西宗乡 | Zhāxīzōng xiāng | བཀྲ་ཤིས་འཛོམས་ཤང་། | bkra shis 'dzoms shang | ||
Ronxar Township | 绒辖乡 | Róngxiáxiāng | རོང་ཤར་ཤང་། | rong shar shang | ||
Qutang Township | 曲当乡 | Qǔdāng xiāng | ཆུ་ཐང་ཤང་། | chu thang shang | ||
Cogo Township | 措果乡 | Cuòguǒxiāng | མཚོ་སྒོ་ཤང་། | mtsho sgo shang | ||
Qulho Township | 曲洛乡 | Qǔluòxiāng | ཆུ་ལྷོ་ཤང་། | chu lho shang | ||
Chamco Township | 长所乡 | Zhǎngsuǒxiāng | གྲམ་མཚོ་ཤང་། | gram mtsho shang | ||
Nyixar Township | 尼辖乡 | Níxiáxiāng | ཉི་ཤར་ཤང་། | nyi shar shang | ||
Zagor Township | 扎果乡 | Zhāguǒxiāng | རྩ་སྐོར་ཤང་། | rtsa skor shang | ||
Kaimar Township | 克玛乡 | Kèmǎxiāng | གད་དམར་ཤང་། | gad dmar shang | ||
Pain'gyi Township | 盆吉乡 | Pénjíxiāng | ཕན་སྐྱིད་ཤང་། | phan skyid shang | ||
Gyaco Township | 加措乡 | Jiācuòxiāng | བརྒྱ་ཚོ་ཤང་། | brgya mtsho shang | ||
Per the 2020 Chinese Census,Tingri County has a population of 58,173, [1] up from the 50,818 recorded in the 2010 Chinese Census. [5] The 2000 Chinese Census recorded a population of 46,585. [5]
Agriculture and pastoralism are major sources of employment in Tingri County. [6]
SamzhubzêDistrict is a district in the Tibet Autonomous Region of the China,and the administrative center of the prefecture-level city of Shigatse. Prior to 2014 it was known as the county-level city of Shigatse. It was the ancient capital of Ü-Tsang province and is the second largest city in Tibet with an estimated population of 117,000 in 2013. Samzhubzêis located at the confluence of the Yarlung Tsangpo River and the Nyang River,about 250 km (160 mi) southwest of Lhasa and 90 km (56 mi) northwest of Gyantse,at an altitude of 3,840 metres (12,600 ft).
Shigatse,officially known as Xigazê or Rikaze,is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction,with an area of 182,000 km2 (70,271 sq mi),corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet.
Gangga,or Tingri,is a town in Tingri County,in the south of the Tibet Autonomous Region. It is often used as a base by mountain climbers preparing to ascend Mount Everest or Cho Oyu. The town is known for its views of Mount Everest,Mount Lhotse,Mount Makalu,and Cho Oyu,which comprise four of the six highest mountains in the world. Per the 2010 Chinese Census,it has a population of 6,850.
The Friendship Highway is an 800-kilometre (500 mi) scenic route connecting the capital of Tibet,Lhasa,with the Chinese/Nepalese border at the Sino-Nepal Friendship Bridge between Zhangmu and Kodari. It includes the westernmost part of China National Highway 318 (Shanghai-Zhangmu) and crosses three passes over 5,000 m (16,400 ft) before dropping to 1,750 m (5,700 ft) at the border.
Shelkar or Shekar,,also called New Tingri,is a town in,and the administrative centre for,Tingri County,Shigatse in southern Tibet Autonomous Region. The town has a population of 9,528,per the 2010 Chinese census.
Nyalam County is a county in Shigatse,Tibet,China. It borders on Nepal.
Gyantse County officially GyangzêCounty is a county of Xigazêin the Tibet Autonomous Region,China. Its main settlement is Gyantse Town known for its monasteries.
Bainang County is a county of Xigazêin the Tibet Autonomous Region,China.
Kyirong or Gyirong County,also known by its Chinese name Jilong,is a county of the Shigatse Prefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region,China. It is famous for its mild climatically conditions and its abundant vegetation which is unusual for the Tibetan plateau. The capital lies at Zongga (Gungthang). Its name in Tibetan,Dzongka,means "mud walls".
Namling County is a county of Shigatse in the Tibet Autonomous Region,China.
DinggyêCounty is a county of the Xigazêcity in the Tibet Autonomous Region,China,bordering Nepal's Sankhuwasabha and Taplejung Districts to the south and India's Sikkim state to the southeast. Jin Co and Duolo Co are located in this county.
Qulho Township is a township in Tingri County,Shigatse,Tibet Autonomous Region,China. Per the 2010 Chinese Census,it has a population of 3,033,up from the 2,745 recorded in the 2000 Chinese Census.
Gyamco Township is a township of Tingri County,Tibet Autonomous Region,China. Its downtown area is Guore Village,also referred as Gyaco in English. Per the 2010 Chinese Census,it has a population of 1,319,up from the 1,260 recorded in the 2000 Chinese Census.
Dampa Sangye was a Buddhist mahasiddha of the Indian Tantra movement who transmitted many teachings based on both Sutrayana and Tantrayana to Buddhist practitioners in Tibet in the late 11th century. He travelled to Tibet more than five times. On his third trip from India to Tibet he met Machig Labdrön. Dampa Sangye appears in many of the lineages of Chöd and so in Tibet he is known as the Father of Chod,however perhaps his best known teaching is "the Pacification". This teaching became an element of the Mahamudra Chöd lineages founded by Machig Labdrön.
Cogo Township or Cuoguo Township is a township in Tingri County,Xigazê,Tibet Autonomous Region,China. Its name is also transliterated as Cuike.
The Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (QNNP),also known as the Chomolungma Nature Reserve (QNP),is a protected area 3.381 million hectares in size in the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China. Located on the Roof of the World,the QNNP was one of the first nature preserves in the world to be administered and protected entirely by local volunteers. Through their continued efforts,significant achievements have been made in halting rampant deforestation,unregulated tourism and illegal hunting of rare wildlife in the Qomolangma region. Active reforestation and garbage collection programs have also been undertaken to restore the environment.
Qomolangma National Park is a national park located in XigazêPrefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region,China. Mount Qomolangma is the Tibetan and Chinese name for Mount Everest. The park,opened in 2012,occupies 78,000 square kilometres,and contains mountains of altitudes ranging from 7,000 to 8,848 metres.
The Everest road is a Chinese road that reaches the North Base Camp of Mount Everest or Qomolangma. The paved road branches from China National Highway 318 at Tingri County,Tibet Autonomous Region and moves through the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve.
Shigatse Tingri Airport,also called Rikaze Tingri Airport is a high-altitude airport in Tingri County,Shigatse,Tibet Autonomous Region. Construction began in August 2019 and the airport was opened in December 2022.
On 7 January 2025 at 09:05 CST (UTC+8),an earthquake measuring Mw 7.1 struck Tingri County,located in the Shigatse prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of southwestern China. At least 126 people were killed and 337 were injured in the region. The earthquake also injured 13 people in Nepal and caused minor damage in northern India. Shaking was felt across North and Central Asia. The earthquake was the largest in China since the Maduo earthquake in May 2021 and the deadliest since the Jishishan earthquake in December 2023. It was caused by normal faulting and originated within the continental crust at 10 km (6.2 mi) depth.