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July is the seventh month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the fourth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. It was named by the Roman Senate in honour of Roman general Julius Caesar in 44 B.C., it being the month of his birth. Before about 713 B.C. it was called Quintilis, being the fifth month of the 10-month calendar.
September is the ninth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the third of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the fourth of five months to have a length of fewer than 31 days. September in the Northern Hemisphere and March in the Southern Hemisphere are seasonal equivalent.
Summer is the hottest of the four temperate seasons, occurring after spring and before autumn. At or around the summer solstice, the earliest sunrise and latest sunset occurs, daylight hours are longest and dark hours are shortest, with day length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to climate, tradition, and culture. When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa.
Nowruz is the Iranian New Year, also known as the Persian New Year, which begins on the spring equinox, marking the first day of Farvardin, the first month of the Iranian solar calendar. It is celebrated worldwide by various ethnolinguistic groups and falls on or around March 21 of the Gregorian calendar. In 2021, Nowruz fell on March 20.
Emir Dost Mohammad Khan Barakzai, nicknamed the Amir-i Kabir, was the founder of the Barakzai dynasty and one of the prominent rulers of Afghanistan during the First Anglo-Afghan War. With the decline of the Durrani dynasty, he became the Emir of Afghanistan in 1826. He was the 11th son of Payendah Khan, chief of the Barakzai Pashtuns, who was killed in 1799 by King Zaman Shah Durrani.
Esfand is the twelfth and final month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Esfand has twenty-nine days normally, and thirty during leap years. It begins in February and ends in March of the Gregorian calendar. The Afghan Persian name is Hūt; in Pashto it is Kab.
Khordad is the third month of the Solar Hijri calendar. Khordad has thirty-one days. It begins in May and ends in June by the Gregorian calendar. Khordad is the third month of the spring season (Bahar). It is followed by Tir. The Afghan Persian name is Jawzā.
A fiscal year is used in government accounting, which varies between countries, and for budget purposes. It is also used for financial reporting by businesses and other organizations. Laws in many jurisdictions require company financial reports to be prepared and published on an annual basis but generally not the reporting period to align with the calendar year. Taxation laws generally require accounting records to be maintained and taxes calculated on an annual basis, which usually corresponds to the fiscal year used for government purposes. The calculation of tax on an annual basis is especially relevant for direct taxes, such as income tax. Many annual government fees—such as council tax and license fees, are also levied on a fiscal year basis, but others are charged on an anniversary basis.
Azar is the ninth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Azar has thirty days. It begins in November and ends in December by the Gregorian calendar. Azar corresponds to the Tropical Astrological month of Sagittarius.
Mordad is the fifth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Mordad has thirty-one days, beginning in July and ending in August of the Gregorian calendar. It is the second month of summer after Tir, and is followed by Shahrivar. The Afghan Persian name is Asad; in Pashto it is Zmaray.
Farvardin is the Iranian Persian name for the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran, and corresponds with Aries on the Zodiac. Farvardin has thirty-one days. It is the first month of the spring season (Bahar), and is followed by Ordibehesht. The Afghan Pashto name for it is Wray.
Ordibehesht is the second month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran. Ordibehesht has 31 days, spanning the months of April and May in the Gregorian calendar. The Afghan Persian name is Sowr.
Shahrivar is the sixth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Shahrivar has thirty-one days. It begins in August and ends in September by the Gregorian calendar. The Afghan Persian name is Sonbola; in Pashto it is Waǵay.
The following lists events that happened during 1994 in Afghanistan.
On 28 June 1981, a powerful bomb went off at the headquarters of the Islamic Republican Party (IRP) in Tehran, while a meeting of party leaders was in progress. Seventy-four leading officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran were killed, including Chief Justice Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti the second-most powerful figure in the Iranian Revolution. The Iranian government first blamed SAVAK and the Iraqi regime. Two days later, the People's Mujahedin of Iran was accused by Khomeini. Several non-Iranian sources also believe the bombing was conducted by the People's Mujahedin of Iran.
Bahman is the eleventh and penultimate month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Bahman has thirty days. It begins in January and ends in February of the Gregorian calendar. The month is equivalent to Aquarius zodiac.
Mehr is the seventh month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Mehr has thirty days. It begins in September and ends in October by the Gregorian calendar.
Aban is the eighth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Aban has 30 days. It begins in October and ends in November by the Gregorian calendar. Aban corresponds to the tropical astrological month of Scorpio.
Dey is the tenth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It marks the start of winter. It has thirty days, beginning in December and ending in January of the Gregorian Calendar.
The Solar Hijri calendar is a solar calendar and one of the various ancient Iranian calendars. It begins on the March equinox as determined by astronomical calculation for the Iran Standard Time meridian and has years of 365 or 366 days. It is the modern principal calendar of both Iran and Afghanistan, and is sometimes also called the Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH and, sometimes, HS.
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Months and Seasons - Persian Vocabulary". 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
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