Location | |
---|---|
Location | Tirebolu |
town | Giresun Province |
Country | Turkey |
Production | |
Products | Copper |
History | |
Opened | 1966 |
Owner | |
Company | Etibank |
The Tirebolu mine is a large mine in the north of Turkey in Giresun Province 517 km north of the capital, Ankara. Tirebolu represents one of the largest copper reserve in Turkey having estimated reserves of 8.6 million tonnes of ore grading 3% copper and 2% zinc. [1] The 8.6 million tonnes of ore contains 260,000 tonnes of copper metal and 172,000 tonnes of zinc metal. [1]
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit. These deposits form a mineralized package that is of economic interest to the miner.
Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. East Thrace, located in Europe, is separated from Anatolia by the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorous strait and the Dardanelles. Turkey is bordered by Greece and Bulgaria to its northwest; Georgia to its northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. Ankara is its capital but Istanbul is the country's largest city. Approximately 70 to 80 per cent of the country's citizens identify as Turkish. Kurds are the largest minority; the size of the Kurdish population is a subject of dispute with estimates placing the figure at anywhere from 12 to 25 per cent of the population.
Giresun Province is a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast. Its adjacent provinces are Trabzon to the east, Gümüşhane to the southeast, Erzincan to the south, Sivas to the southwest, and Ordu to the west. The provincial capital is Giresun.
First Quantum Minerals Ltd. is a Canadian based mining and metals company whose principal activities include mineral exploration, development and mining. Its main product is copper, which accounts for 80% of revenues. as of 2016.
Boliden AB is a Swedish mining and smelting company focusing on production of copper, zinc, lead, gold and silver. Following a series of acquisitions during the 1980s and 1990s the company acquired mining and smelting assets of the Finnish mining and smelting company Outokumpu in 2003. Outokumpu acquired the subsidiary Boliden Contech and Boliden's copper and zinc divisions. As a consequence of the deal, Outokumpu ended up controlling 49 percent of the Boliden shares.
Mining in Iran is underdeveloped, yet the country is one of the most important mineral producers in the world, ranked among 15 major mineral-rich countries, holding some 68 types of minerals, 37 billion tonnes of proven reserves and more than 57 billion tonnes of potential reserves worth $770 billion in 2014. Mineral production contributes only 0.6 per cent to the country's GDP. Add other mining-related industries and this figure increases to just four per cent (2005). Many factors have contributed to this, namely lack of suitable infrastructure, legal barriers, exploration difficulties, and government control over all resources.
Mount Isa Mines Limited ("MIM") operates the Mount Isa copper, lead, zinc and silver mines near Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia as part of the Glencore group of companies. For a brief period in 1980, MIM was Australia's largest company. It has pioneered several significant mining industry innovations, including the Isa Process copper refining technology, the Isasmelt smelting technology, and the IsaMill fine grinding technology, and it also commercialized the Jameson Cell column flotation technology.
Mining in the United Kingdom produces a wide variety of fossil fuels, metals, and industrial minerals due to its complex geology. In 2013, there were over 2,000 active mines, quarries, and offshore drilling sites on the continental land mass of the United Kingdom producing £34bn of minerals and employing 36,000 people.
Donner Metals Ltd. is a Canadian producing mining company, listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. Its headquarters are in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Donner's principal project is a 35-65 joint venture with Glencore Xstrata in Matagami, Quebec.
The Cavnic mine is a large mine located in the northwest of Romania in Maramureş County, 26 km southwest of Baia Mare and 576 km north of the capital, Bucharest. Cavnic represents one of the largest polymetallic reserves in Romania having significant reserves of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc amounting to 20 million tonnes of ore grading 1g/t gold, 30g/t silver, 2% lead, 3% zinc and 1% copper. The resources amount to 640,000 oz of gold, 19.2 million oz of silver, 400,000 tonnes of lead metal, 600,000 tonnes of zinc metal and 200,000 tonnes of copper metal.
The Vlahna mine is a large mine located in northern Albania in Kukës County, 256 kilometres (159 mi) north-east of the capital, Tirana. Vlahna represents the second largest chromium reserve in Albania and one of the largest in Europe having estimated reserves of 2.56 million tonnes of ore grading 29.2% chromium metal. The mine is part of the Tropojë Massif, a 440 square kilometres (170 sq mi) area which has a rock thickness between 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) and contains 286 verified chromium deposits and occurrences. The deposit has been explored to depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft) and the geological reserves amount to 6.1 million tonnes grading 26.48% chromium metal.
The Kalimashi 1 mine is a large mine located near the village Kalimash in northern Albania in Kukës County, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-east of the capital, Tirana. Kalimashi 1 represents the fourth largest chromium reserve in Albania and one of the largest in Europe having estimated reserves of 1.9 million tonnes of ore grading 20% chromium metal. The mine is part of the Kukës Massif, a 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi) area which has a rock thickness between 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and contains 54 verified chromium deposits and occurrences. The deposit has been explored to depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft) and the geological reserves amount to 6.8 million tonnes grading 21.4% chromium metal.
The Kalimashi 3 mine is a large mine located near the village Kalimash in northern Albania in Kukës County, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-east of the capital, Tirana. Kalimashi 3 represents the fifth largest chromium reserve in Albania and one of the largest in Europe having estimated reserves of 1.6 million tonnes of ore grading 20% chromium metal. The mine is part of the Kukës Massif, a 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi) area which has a rock thickness between 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and contains 54 verified chromium deposits and occurrences. The deposit has been explored to depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft) and the geological reserves amount to 6.8 million tonnes grading 21.4% chromium metal.
The Zogaj mine is a large mine located near the village Zogaj in northern Albania in Kukës County, 256 kilometres (159 mi) north-east of the capital, Tirana. Zogaj represents one of the largest chromium reserve in Albania and one of the largest in Europe having estimated reserves of 1.238 million tonnes of ore grading between 24 and 28% chromium metal. The mine is part of the Tropojë Massif, a 440 square kilometres (170 sq mi) area which has a rock thickness between 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) and contains 286 verified chromium deposits and occurrences. The deposit has been explored to depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft) and the geological reserves amount to 6.1 million tonnes grading 26.48% chromium metal.
The Përroi Batrës mine is a large mine located near the village Kalimash in northern Albania in Kukës County, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-east of the capital, Tirana. Përroi Batrës represents one of the largest chromium reserve in Albania and one of the largest in Europe having estimated reserves of 1.2 million tonnes of ore grading 20% chromium metal. The mine is part of the Kukës Massif, a 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi) area which has a rock thickness between 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and contains 54 verified chromium deposits and occurrences. The deposit has been explored to depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft) and the geological reserves amount to 6.8 million tonnes grading 21.4% chromium metal.
The Myszków mine is a large mine in the centre of Poland in Myszków, Myszków County, 258 km south-west of the capital, Warsaw. Myszków represents one of the largest copper and silver reserve in Poland having estimated reserves of 1,334 million tonnes of ore grading 0.15% copper and 2.37 g/tonnes silver. The 1.334 billion tonnes of ore contains 2 million tonnes of copper metal and around 3,200 tonnes of silver but the deposit also grades 0.07% molybdenum that contains 934,000 tonnes of molybdenum metal and 0.05% tungsten that contains 667,000 tonnes of tungsten metal.
The Talvivaara mine is one of the largest nickel mines in Finland. The mine is located in Sotkamo in Kainuu region of Finland. The mine is owned by government-established Terrafame, which bought it from the bankruptcy-bound Talvivaara Mining Company in 2015. Its annual production capacity is over 10 million tonnes of ore. The mine has reserves amounting to 1 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.22% nickel, 0.13% copper, 0.5% zinc and 0.02% cobalt thus resulting 2.2 million tonnes of nickel, 1.3 million tonnes of copper, 5 million tonnes of zinc and 0.2 million tonnes of cobalt.
The Murgul mine is a large mine in the east of Turkey in Artvin Province 465 km east of the capital, Ankara. Murgul represents one of the largest copper reserve in Turkey having estimated reserves of 40 million tonnes of ore grading 1.25% copper. The 40 million tonnes of ore contains 500,000 tonnes of copper metal.
The Çakmakkaya mine is a large mine in the east of Turkey in Artvin Province 465 km east of the capital, Ankara. Çakmakkaya represents one of the largest copper reserve in Turkey having estimated reserves of 100 million tonnes of ore grading 0.8% iron. The 100 million tonnes of ore contains 800,000 tonnes of copper metal.
The Damar mine is a large mine in the east of Turkey in Artvin Province, 465 km east of the capital, Ankara. Damar represents one of the largest copper reserves in Turkey having estimated reserves of 15 million tonnes of ore grading 1.11%. The 15 million tonnes of ore contains 167,000 tonnes of copper metal.
The Çayeli mine is a large mine in the east of Turkey in Rize Province 470 km east of the capital, Ankara. Çayeli represents one of the largest copper reserve in Turkey having estimated reserves of 20 million tonnes of ore grading 2.5% copper. The 20 million tonnes of ore contains 500,000 tonnes of copper metal.
Kagara Ltd was an Australian mining company operating in Queensland and Western Australia. The company was founded as Kagara Zinc Inc in 1981, and was based in Perth. Kagara entered voluntary administration on 30 April 2012. It subsequently went into liquidation in 2014.
Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes, particularly in the Hamgyeong-do and Jagang-do provinces. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base. Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.