Titano

For the mountain in San Marino, see Monte Titano. For the prefix "Titano-" as used in taxonomy, see List of commonly used taxonomic affixes.

Titano
Titano attacking the Daily Planet building in the style of King Kong, from Showcase Presents Superman Volume 2 (2006). Art by Curt Swan and George Klein.
Publication information
Publisher	DC Comics
First appearance	Superman #127 (February 1959)
Created by	Otto Binder Curt Swan
In-story information
Alter ego	Toto
Species	Meta-Chimpanzee
Place of origin	Earth
Notable aliases	The Super-Ape
Abilities	Superhuman strength and durability Kryptonite vision

Titano the Super-Ape ( /taɪˈtænoʊ/ ) is a supervillain who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics, primarily as a foe of Superman. The character is a small chimpanzee named Toto who was sent into space for test flight, until an exposure of combined rays have made him grow to gigantic size and gave him Kryptonite-like powers. As a "Super-Ape", Titano rampaged through Metropolis several times in Superman and Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen during the Silver Age, and also appeared in some "Tales of the Bizarro World" stories in Adventure Comics . After a poorly-received 1978 appearance, Titano was not used again in the comic.

Different versions of the character, with different origins, appeared in the post- Crisis on Infinite Earths and New 52 continuities.

Publication history

Titano first appeared in Superman #127 (February 1959) in a story called "Titano the Super-Ape!" ^[1] He was created by writer Otto Binder, penciler Wayne Boring and inker Stan Kaye. The character was inspired by the 1933 film King Kong , one of the many famous science-fiction and horror films swiped by Superman editor Mort Weisinger during this period. ^[2]

The character was well received, so Weisinger decided to bring him back for a second story in July 1960. ^[3] In the first story, Boring drew the character with a chimpanzee head on a giant gorilla body; for the rematch, Boring drew a gorilla head instead, making the character look more like King Kong. ^[3]

Titano made another brief appearance in a January 1961 Superman story ("Superman Meets Al Capone!", issue #142), where he served as an introductory plot device to get Superman lost in time. By August 1961, Titano became a novelty character, appearing in a Superman backup feature starring Krypto the Superdog ("Krypto Battles Titano", issue #147), and this trend continued over the next few years, as Titano appeared in occasional "Tales of the Bizarro World" backup stories in Adventure Comics , and made lightweight appearances in a few Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen stories between 1962 and 1965.

In 1978, Martin Pasko brought Titano back for a two-part story with the Atomic Skull in Superman #323 and 324 — a story that Pasko looked back on with regret, as revealed in interview from 2007: "I thought — foolishly, in retrospect — that I might be able to treat a giant ape that shot kryptonite energy from its eyes with the same straight face I brought to Bizarro. I couldn't, and matters were not helped by the art. We kept forgetting that what you got when you called upon the hyper-realistic and earthbound Curt Swan to draw menacing giant monsters invariably looked cute and cuddly at best, and at worst, like something that reminded you of an old Toho movie and made you look for the zipper. I seem to recall that the mail suggested that Titano was one Weisingerism that was best relegated to obscurity". ^[4]

Fictional character biography

Pre-Crisis

Originally named Toto, a common chimpanzee who was dubbed "one of the world's most intelligent chimps". Rocketed in his spaceship, he is bombarded by the combined radiation from two elements, which mutates him into a giant ape with an incredible physique and Kryptonite-based abilities. Renamed Titano by Lois Lane, he captures her. Superman stops his first rampage through Metropolis by throwing him across a time barrier and into the prehistoric past. ^[5] A year later, Superman accidentally transports Titano back to modern Metropolis, and has to trick him to return him to the past. ^[6]

Over the next few years, Titano is visited in the past by several characters, including Superman, ^[7] Krypto the Superdog, ^[8] Bizarro ^[9] and Jimmy Olsen. ^[10]

After another trip through time into the present day, Titano is picked up by Allura, space ruler in a world of giants, who agrees for transporting him to her home planet. Titano settles down with a female ape in his own size. ^[11]

Writer Martin Pasko revived Titano in Superman #324 (June 1978). ^[12] In this revival, Titano is manipulated by the Atomic Skull into becoming a ferocious killer, rather than being an original, but misunderstood super-ape. ^[2]

The Pre-Crisis Titano appears in a dream of the character Ambush Bug. ^[13]

Post-Crisis

The Post-Crisis version first appeared in the "Tears for Titano" story in Superman (vol. 2) Annual #1. Titano was originally a normal baby chimpanzee used in cruel scientific experiments for the US government. This lab is headed by Dr. Thomas Moyers, an irresponsible man who caused the creation of Rampage, the super-strong alter-ego of Dr. Kitty Faulkner, also in the employ is Amanda Waller operating under the orders of Sarge Steel. The chimpanzee gains his name from a mean-spirited joke by the other staffers.

A brief visit by Lois Lane to the government laboratories ended soon after Titano tried to escape his tormentors by leaping into Lane's arms. An accident caused the ape to gain super-strength and grow to enormous proportions. Attempting to kill Moyers, whom he saw as his tormentor, Titano was stopped by and engaged in a battle with Superman. The presence of Lane causes Titano to calm down, as he considered her a friend. Moyers used his equipment to reverse the transformation. The reversal is too much for the chimpanzee, who dies in Lane's arms. She later writes the Daily Planet article "Tears for Titano" in honor of the animal. ^[14]

Another version of Titano appeared as the mascot of "Titano's Pizza". Television advertisements showed a giant ape in a chef's hat defeating "Turtle Boy", who represented the slower delivery of other pizzerias. ^{[15] [16]} However, Turtle Boy (played by Jimmy Olsen) proved to be much more popular than Titano, and the commercials were discontinued.

In Action Comics #854, a monkey experimented upon by the Kryptonite Man was imbued with Kryptonite radiation, gaining the ability to grow in size and fire Kryptonite beams from his eyes, like the Pre-Crisis Titano. He was eventually calmed down by "Mr. Action" (Jimmy Olsen) and placed in the care of S.T.A.R. Labs. ^[17]

Titano's Pre-Crisis version would make a reappearance of sorts in Superman/Batman #28, as a guise for a shape-shifting telepathic alien entity. ^[18]

The New 52

In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, Titano was redesigned and given a new origin. Titano was now only slightly bigger than a regular gorilla rather than the giant of earlier versions, and was now an albino. He also was given a new origin in which he was a genetic mutation created by a deranged biophysicist. ^[19] He was later shown on life support in a Metropolis laboratory and is executed by a creature appearing to be Superman. ^[20]

Titano was again redesigned by the creative team of Geoff Johns and John Romita Jr. This version was a giant chimpanzee robot with green-glowing inside parts, alluding to a Kryptonite origin. ^[21]

Powers and abilities

A fusion between two meteors (green kryptonite and uranium) have caused Toto to grow in colossal proportions. As Titano, his size and strength are many times greater than a normal human being. He is able to project Kryptonite beams from his eyes, capable of weakening Superman. But, they cannot penetrate through lead. He develops a special friendship with Lois. ^[22]

The Post-Crisis version of Titano has similar powers, but he does not possess Kryptonite eyebeams. ^[23]

Other versions

Bizarro-Titano

A Bizarro version of Titano from Bizarro World. Cover of Adventure Comics #295 (April 1962), art by John Forte.

On Bizarro World, there is a Bizarro version of Titano who shoots blue kryptonite beams instead of green. In need of a suitable opponent for Bizarro-Lois Lane after she defeated Bizarro-Lana Lang, Bizarro created Bizarro-Titano through the imperfect duplicator ray and the time scope on Titano. Bizarro-Titano entered the wrestling ring with Bizarro-Lois Lane. He wins the fight by leaving the ring to go eat some coconuts that he saw earlier. ^[24]

JLA: Earth 2

An antimatter version of Titano, appeared near the end of Grant Morrison's JLA: Earth 2 . This version is actually a genetic experiment conducted by Brainiac and Ultraman (Subject 773, "Ultra-Titanus") freed by Brainiac and fires Anti-Kryptonite beams at Superman. Being an opposite version of Titano, the beams make him stronger. He is later caught by the Green Lantern. ^[25]

DC One Million

In DC Comics' DC One Million setting, Titano One Million is the Superman-like defender of the Gorilla Galaxy, a direct descendant of Solovar. ^[26]

Dark Nights: Metal

In the Dark Nights: Metal series, Titano is the Superman-analogue of Earth-53, a newly revealed DC Multiverse world analogous to the Gorilla Galaxy, along with a lemur Atom, Atlantean Sea Ape and Batape. ^[27]

In other media

Television

• Titano appears in The New Adventures of Superman episode "The Chimp Who Made it Big". ^[28] This version was transformed into Titano after being caught in the collision of a Kryptonite meteor and a uranium asteroid, which takes effect after Superman rescues his capsule and brings it back to Earth. Titano kidnaps Lois Lane, but Superman uses a lead shield to defeat him, and he is later reported by the Daily Planet to have been reverted to normal.
• Titano appears in one of Sesame Street 's first test episodes via a clip of the above-mentioned entry. ^[29]
• Titano appears in the opening credits of Superman .
• Titano appears in the Superman: The Animated Series episode "Monkey Fun", with vocal effects provided by Frank Welker. This version was kept by Lt. Colonel Sam Lane, and formed a bond with his daughter Lois Lane. Twenty years prior, Titano's ship, the Titan 0, was lost in space, with Superman finding him inside a meteor shower in the present. After being returned to Earth, Titano enlarges considerably due to gases from the meteors and wreaks havoc on Metropolis. However, Sam pacifies him with a toy monkey, and he is subsequently taken into the custody of S.T.A.R. Labs, who stop his growth spurts and relocate him to a remote island where he can protect the local monkey population.
• Titano appears in the Justice League Action episode "Harley Goes Ape!". This version was tended to by Harley Quinn before she worked at Arkham Asylum. Following his transformation, Gorilla Grodd takes control of Titano to fight Superman until Harley joins forces with Stargirl to free Titano, who defeats Grodd.
• A hologram of Titano appears in the Superman & Lois episode "Closer".

Miscellaneous

Titano makes a cameo appearance in Superman Adventures .

Homages

Characters based on Titano have occasionally appeared in comics homaging the Silver Age Superman:

• In Alan Moore's Supreme , the Titano equivalent is Stupendo, the Simian Supreme. Stupendo has a similar origin to the Silver Age Titano (except with Supremium radiation), but was subsequently befriended by Supreme, and given a home on Conqueror Island. ^[30]

See also

• List of Superman enemies
• List of fictional primates
• Apes in comics

References

1. Fleisher, Michael L. (2007). The Original Encyclopedia of Comic Book Heroes, Volume Three: Superman. DC Comics. pp. 466–467. ISBN   978-1-4012-1389-3.
2. Eury, Michael (October 2019). "World's Frightfest Comics: Superman vs. Monsters in the Bronze Age". Back Issue. TwoMorrows Publishing (#116): 3–14.
3. Eury, Michael (2007). Comics Gone Ape! The Missing Link to Primates in Comics. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 28. ISBN   978-1893905627.
4. Eury, Michael (2006). "Martin Pasko Interview". The Krypton Companion. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 158. ISBN   9781893905610.
5. Binder, Otto  ( w ), Boring, Wayne  ( p ),Kaye, Stan ( i )."Titano the Super-Ape!" Superman ,no. 127(February 1959).
6. Binder, Otto  ( w ), Boring, Wayne  ( p ),Kaye, Stan ( i )."Titano the Super-Ape!" Superman ,no. 138(July 1960).
7. Binder, Otto  ( w ), Boring, Wayne  ( p ),Kaye, Stan ( i )."Superman Meets Al Capone!" Superman ,no. 142(January 1961).
8. Seigel, Jerry  ( w ), Plastino, Al  ( p )."Krypto Battles Titano" Superman ,no. 147(August 1961).
9. Siegel, Jerry  ( w ), Forte, John  ( p )."Bizarro's Amazing Buddies" Adventure Comics ,no. 289(October 1961).
10. Siegel, Jerry  ( w ), Forte, John  ( p )."Stranded in Evolution Valley!" Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen ,no. 59(March 1962).
11. Swan, Curt  ( p ) Klein, George  ( i )"The Colossus of Metropolis!" Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen ,no. 77(June 1964).
12. Eury, Michael (2006). The Krypton Companion. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 158. ISBN   1893905616.
13. Giffen, Keith ; Fleming, Robert Loren  ( w ),Giffen, Keith ( p ), Oksner, Bob  ( i )."Witless for the Prosecution" Son of Ambush Bug ,no. 5(November 1986).
14. Byrne, John  ( w ), Frenz, Ron  ( p ), Breeding, Brett  ( i )."Tears for Titano!" Superman Annual ,vol. 2,no. 1(1987).
15. Ordway, Jerry  ( w ), Grummett, Tom  ( p ), Hazlewood, Doug  ( i )."Christmas in Suicide Slumberland"The Adventures of Superman,no. 487(February 1992).
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23. Who's Who: Update '87 Vol 1 #5 (December 1987)
24. Action Comics #295. DC Comics.
25. Morrison, Grant  ( w ), Quitely, Frank  ( p ),Quitely, Frank ( i )."JLA: Earth 2" JLA: Earth 2 (2000).
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27. Burlingame, Russ (February 16, 2018). "DC Comics Unveils Earth 53 In Dark Knights Rising: The Wild Hunt". Comicbook.com. Archived from the original on June 17, 2018. Ape versions of Batman, Superman, The Atom, and Aquaman come and reveal that on their world, they are immortal and have solved this problem already -- in the year 2067. The Superman, by the way, appears to be the giant, kryptonite-powered gorilla Titano, given his stature and the giant "T" on his chest.
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29. "Test Show 1". Sesame Street. July 1969. 10 minutes in. NET.
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