Tivat

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Tivat
Тиват
Town and municipality
Tivat Sv. Marko Gospa od Milosti.jpg
Tivat, Montenegro - panoramio (22).jpg
Tivat - Marina Porto Montenegro - panoramio (1).jpg
From the top, View over the city, Anchor monument, The Marina
Flag of Tivat.svg
Flag
MNE Tivat COA.svg
Coat of arms
Montenegro adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Tivat
Location of Tivat
Coordinates: 42°26′N18°42′E / 42.43°N 18.70°E / 42.43; 18.70
Country Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro
Municipality Flag of Tivat.svg Tivat
Founded14th century
Settlements12
Government
 • MayorŽeljko Komnenović [1]
Area
 •  Town and municipality 46 km2 (18 sq mi)
Population
 (2011 census)
 • Rank 12th in Montenegro
 • Density296/km2 (770/sq mi)
 •  Urban
9,367
 •  Rural
3,794
 • Municipality
14,031
Demonym(s) Tivćanin (male), Tivćanka (female)
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
85320
Area code +382 32
ISO 3166-2 code ME-19
Car plates TV
Climate Csa
Website https://www.tivat.travel

Tivat (Montenegrin : Tivat/Тиват, pronounced [tîv̞at] ) is a coastal town in southwest Montenegro, located in the Bay of Kotor. As of 2011, its population was 9,367. [2] Tivat is the centre of Tivat Municipality, which is the smallest municipality by area in Montenegro.

Contents

Name

In Serbian and Montenegrin, the city is known as Tivat (Тиват); in Italian and Venetian as Teodo. The town was first mentioned in the 14th century records of Kotor, as Teude, Theode, and Theudo, and has been connected to the Illyrian Queen Teuta, who ruled the region in 3rd century BC. [3] Teuta had a residence in Rhizon and a summer residence between the church of St. Rocco in Donja Lastva and Seljanovo. The name could also come from the Greek word "Θείοδος" (Theiodos, meaning "way of God"), or from the names of old Christian saints: Theodulus, Theodocius or Theodotus.[ citation needed ] Besides the popular name Theudo, a Latin expression, Latus Tiuveti, comes from the 16th century. Finally, the name could originate from the Celtic word touto, town.[ citation needed ]

History

Archaeological sites attest that the area was inhabited in antiquity, with Greek and Roman settlements. Tombs and tombstones from the Roman period were discovered in Lastva and Opatovo.[ citation needed ]

Tivat is the youngest town in the Bay of Kotor area and was established on the plateau at the bottom of the Vrmac. During the Middle Ages, the fertile lands of the area belonged mostly to the aristocrats of Kotor, Prčanj and Dobrota. Estates, castles and chalets were there as well as the collective church of St Anton dating from 1373. Part of this inheritance, which was the property of the wealthy Buća family, is a historic chalet which today houses Tivat's museums and galleries. The residence of the metropolitan of the bishopric of Zeta was built from the 13th to the 15th century on the Prevlaka Island. Tivat, known as Teodo in Venetian, was under the Republic of Venice as a part of Albania Veneta from 1420 to 1797. In those centuries Teodo enjoyed economic development that attracted many Serb refugees from Ottoman-held areas. Some Venetian-style buildings are still standing today.[ citation needed ]

Rapid development of Tivat started in the second half of 19th century when the Austrian empire built a maritime arsenal for its fleet. Still the town shaped itself by developing small industry. In the beginning of 1918, in the Tivat Bay sailors revolted against the mighty Austrian empire. With great approval and support, people from this area followed their revolutionary actions. The period between two world wars was marked with syndicate activity in Račica, Krtoli and Arsenal. Between 1941 and 1943 the town was part of the Italian Governatorate of Dalmatia.[ citation needed ]

In 1889, a naval arsenal was built by Austrians, and was later used as a naval military base of the Italian Navy, the Yugoslav People's Army and the Army of Montenegro. The JNA enjoyed an international reputation as a powerful, well-equipped, and well-trained force. The base was also used by Russia and Libya as the technical base for maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) of their ships and submarines.[ citation needed ]

Geography

St. Marko and Our Lady of Grace Islands, near town of Tivat Tivat Sv. Marko Gospa od Milosti.jpg
St. Marko and Our Lady of Grace Islands, near town of Tivat

Tivat is located in the central part of the Bay of Kotor (Boka Kotorska, or simply "Boka"), south of mount Vrmac. The municipality lies mostly south of the town, and has an exit to open sea at the tourist location Pržno inlet near Radovići village to the south. Its central part, where Tivat Airport is located, lies in fertile Grbalj valley. The airport is located near the isthmus of Luštica peninsula, which belongs to the municipality of Herceg Novi for the most part.

Tivat has about 14,000 inhabitants. It is 19 kilometres (12 miles) away from Herceg Novi, 10 km (6.2 mi) away from Kotor, 23 km (14 mi) away from Budva, 80 km (50 mi) from Dubrovnik and 90 km (56 mi) from Podgorica. Geomorphologically, Tivat is composed of three areas. The first is the hills and peaks of Vrmac, Velji Vrh (710 metres (2,329 feet)) and Popova glava (584 metres (1,916 feet)). Water activity formed capes Seljanovo, Pakovo and Račica. The second area is Tivat field, flattened by water activity. The third area is Krtoli with islands – Island of Flowers, St. Marko, and Lady of Mercy which is bordered by Novski bay on the north-west and Grbalj area on the south-east.

Population

Ethnic groups (2011)

   Montenegrins (33.25%)
   Serbs (31.61%)
   Croats (16.42%)
   Egyptians (2.39%)
  Others (16.33%)

Tivat is the administrative centre of Tivat municipality, which has a population of 14,031 and the town itself has a population of 9,367 (2011).

In 1981 the municipality had a population of 9,315:

In 1991 the municipality had a population of 11,404:

In 2011 the municipality had a population of 14,031: [4]

Languages

Source: Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT, Census 2011 [5]

Religion (2011 Census)Number
Eastern Orthodoxy 5,993
Islam 432
Catholicism 2,008
Christians 51
Protestants 0
Jehovah Witness 14
Buddhist 0
Adventist 33
Agnosticism 18
Atheism 190
Undeclared551
Other71

Sports

The local football team is FK Arsenal Tivat, who have spent several seasons in the country's second tier. They share their Stadion u Parku with rugby team RFC Arsenal Tivat. The town's basketball team is KK Teodo Tivat.

Tourism

Porto Montenegro, luxury yacht marina Porto Montenegro.jpg
Porto Montenegro, luxury yacht marina

Already a popular tourist resort, Tivat is set to become a nautical tourism centre for the southern Adriatic.

The inlets near Prevlaka, as well as the localities of Župa and Kalimanj, provide great conditions for the construction of marinas and yachting clubs. Canadian businessman Peter Munk bought a naval shipyard in Tivat, intending to transform it into a luxury vacation resort and a marina for luxury yachts called Porto Montenegro. [6]

In 1971 Tivat Airport acquired a modern runway and is now a significant airport for foreign air traffic. It served 1,367,282 passengers in 2019.

Although it is the youngest town in the Boka region, Tivat has a number of tourist sites. Renaissance Summer House Buca in the centre of city, Ostrvo Cvijeća (Flowers’ Island) with sacred monuments, Gornja Lastva, the old nucleus at an altitude of 300 m (984.25 ft), the magnificent sandy beach at Plavi Horizonti and the Sveti Marko Island with ex-Club Med cottages are the most visited. In the city itself there is the natural port Kalimanj. There is also a choice of cultural events, such as "Bocce Olympiad" and "Summer Fest". Tivat boasts a botanic garden planted with gifts from Bokan sailors who brought back a wide variety of exotic tree species and ornamental plants from their voyages.

Transport

Ferry at Lepetane. Ferry at Lepetane.jpg
Ferry at Lepetane.

Tivat is connected with the rest of Montenegro by the Adriatic Highway, a two-laned road that runs down the length of Montenegrin coast. Travelling inland is possible by leaving the Adriatic Highway at Budva or Sutomore (through the Sozina tunnel).

A ferry operates on the Kamenari - Lepetane line across the Verige strait, eliminating the need to go all the way around Boka Kotorska bay in order to reach the Herceg Novi riviera. It is speculated that a future Verige bridge will be constructed across the bay.

Tivat Airport is 3 km (1.9 mi) away. This is the biggest airport in Montenegro, although Podgorica airport is more modern. There are regular flights to Belgrade throughout the year, and dozens of charter planes land daily at Tivat Airport during the summer season.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Tivat is twinned with: [7]

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References

  1. ↑ "Željko Komnenović – novi predsjednik Opštine Tivat". Opština Tivat (in Bosnian). 19 October 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  2. ↑ Moststat, zvanični rezultati popisa, 2011
  3. ↑ Boka. Vol. 1–3. 1969. pp. 223–224.
  4. ↑ http://www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje(1).pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
  5. ↑ "Popis 2011" . Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  6. ↑ "ICD - new PM Owner". Porto Montenegro. 6 May 2016.
  7. ↑ "Bratimljenje" (PDF). database.uom.me (in Montenegrin). Zajednica opština Crne Gore. January 2013. p. 33. Retrieved 29 December 2019.

Bibliography

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