Tlalnepantla de Baz

Last updated
Tlalnepantla de Baz
Municipality
Tlalnepantla de Baz - panoramio.jpg
Municipal hall of Tlalnepantla
Nickname: 
Tlalne or Tlane
Motto(s): 
Culture, Work and Progress
Mexico Estado de Mexico Tlalnepantla location map.svg
Location of Tlalnepantla in the State of Mexico
Coordinates: 19°32′12″N99°11′41″W / 19.53667°N 99.19472°W / 19.53667; -99.19472
Country Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
State Flag of the State of Mexico.svg State of Mexico
Region Tlalnepantla
Metro area Greater Mexico City
Municipal SeatTlalnepantla
Government
  Type Ayuntamiento
  Municipal President Raciel Pérez Cruz
Area
  Total83.48 km2 (32.23 sq mi)
  Land77.17 km2 (29 sq mi)
  Water1.10 km2 (3.28 sq mi)
Elevation
2,250 m (7,380 ft)
Population
 (2015)
  Total750,224 [1]
Time zone UTC−06:00 (CST)
  Summer (DST) UTC−05:00 (CDT)
Postal code (of seat)
54000
Area code 55
Demonym Tlalnepantlense
Website Official website (in Spanish)

Tlalnepantla de Baz (Otomi: Ndemhāi) is one of 125 municipalities of the state of Mexico, north of Mexico City. The municipal seat and largest city in the municipality is the city of Tlalnepantla. Tlalnepantla comes from the Náhuatl words tlalli (land) and nepantla (middle) to mean the middle land. The city was known in prior times as Tlalnepantla de Galeana and Tlalnepantla de Comonfort, to honor Hermenegildo Galeana and Ignacio Comonfort, respectively. The current addition of Baz comes from the last name of Gustavo Baz Prada, an important politician and soldier of Emiliano Zapata's army during the Mexican Revolution. After the Revolution, Baz Prada became Governor of the State of Mexico and President of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). It is located in the northeastern part of the state of Mexico, in the Valley of Mexico north of Mexico City proper. [2] Together with Atizapán, it comprises the dense Region XII of Mexico State.

Contents

History

Tlalnepantla's municipal building Palacio de gobierno de tlalnpantla.JPG
Tlalnepantla's municipal building

Around the 11th century, a people called the Amaquemecan (after whom the municipality of Amecameca is named), migrated to this area following their leader Xolotl to look for a better climate and more food to sustain themselves. This same Xolotl founded the Tenayuca Oztopolco chiefdom and made the first census ever in the Americas.[ citation needed ] The Acolhuas, Tepanecas and Otomis were already established in this land so alliances were made. Despite this, the region was eventually conquered and made a tributary of the Aztec Empire. After the Spanish Conquest, the area was evangelized by the Franciscans. The founding of modern Tlalnepantla was the result of a dispute between the towns of Tenayuca and Teocalhueyacan as to which should be the site of Franciscan monastery and religious center for the area. The result was to place the monastery at the midpoint between these two towns, and hence the name (middle land). This monastery, named Corpus Christi was built in 1550. After independence, Tlalnepantla was originally part of Mexico City, but in 1825, it was recognized as a district of the State of Mexico. The municipality is divided almost entirely by Mexico City's Gustavo A. Madero delegation. During the presidency of Porfirio Díaz, Tlalnepantla began industrial development, and in the 1950s underwent a demographic explosion after being declared a city in 1948. [2] The population as of the 2010 INEGI census was 653,410 people, representing 98.37% of municipal population. [3]

On January 16, 1977, Tlalnepantla del Baz was the site of one of the worst railway disasters in Mexico's history when a bus driver attempted to cross a railroad ahead of an oncoming train. The driver was one of 42 people killed. [4]

Infrastructure

Plaza Wichita with replica of The Keeper of the Plains statue donated by Tlalnepantla's sister city Wichita, Kansas, United States. PlazaWichitaTlalne.jpg
Plaza Wichita with replica of The Keeper of the Plains statue donated by Tlalnepantla's sister city Wichita, Kansas, United States.

Tlalnepantla is a large city with an important mall (Mundo E) and hotels: Crowne Plaza Lancaster, Camino Real, Fiesta Inn, NH hotel, Holiday Inn, and Four Points by Sheraton. Tlalnepantla offers different options for entertainment and food: Punta Recoleta Restaurante (Argentine food), Boca del Rio (Mexican food restaurant), Real de Catorce (Show and Mexican food restaurant), La Antigua (Mexican food restaurant).[ citation needed ]

The most important avenues and boulevards in Tlalnepantla City are:

As well as the Periférico and the Mexico-Querétaro Freeway with 15 lanes in Tlalnepantla. (This is a section of Mexican Federal Highway 57, part of the Pan-American Highway.)

Tlanepantla is served by the local pesero , the Mexibús system, an intercity bus network and the Tren Suburbano at Tlalnepantla and San Rafael stations. It will be served by the Mexicable service in the future.

Education

Schools located in the city include:

Private schools: [5]

Economy

There are more than 2,700 industries located here, making Tlalnepantla one of the most industrialized areas in the country, along with Naucalpan and Monterrey, ranking first in the state of Mexico. The most common industries include: food processing, bottling, tobacco products, textiles, paper products, non-metallic mineral products and metals, chemicals and petroleum products, machinery and wood products. Its industrial zone is one of the largest in the country. The area also includes more than 15,000 retail businesses, including the Mundo E Mall and several large tianguis .[ citation needed ]

Notable sites

Tenayuca pyramid Tenayuca.jpg
Tenayuca pyramid

The church and monastery of Corpus Christi was built by both Nahuas and Otomis of pink and gray stone. The side gate, called the Porciúncula, shows the influence of both these peoples. In 1963, the church gained cathedral status. The aqueduct that extends from Tlalnepantla to Villa de Guadalupe as well as the Caja del Agua are works that date from the colonial period. The Hacienda of Santa Mónica and the Hacienda de Emmedio are well-preserved. The Centro Cultural Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz has a collection of 130 fotografías del Tlalnepantla from the end of the 19th century to 1960 as well as other historical objects. [2]

Pyramid at Santa Cecilia Acatitlan Pyramid of Santa Cecilia.jpg
Pyramid at Santa Cecilia Acatitlán

Two notable pyramids lie in the municipality's limits: Tenayuca and Santa Cecilia Acatitlan. The pyramid at Tenayuca is a smaller version of the Templo Mayor the Aztecs built in Tenochtitlan. It has dual staircases on the west side, each leading to two temples, at the top of the pyramid. One was dedicated to Tlaloc and the other to Huizilopochtli. Serpent sculptures surround the pyramid on three sides and are possibly of pre-Aztec origin. [6] A small museum on the grounds holds artifacts, diagrams, and models of the site and the history that surrounds it. Another smaller pyramid is at Santa Cecilia Acatitlan, just north of Tenayuca. This one was rebuilt as the original was destroyed and some of its blocks were used to build the Santa Cecelia Parish church that is next to it. This pyramid has one staircase, one temple atop. On the plaza is the Hurtado Museum, which houses a small collection of pre-Hispanic sculpture. [6]

Sister cities

Notable people

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State of Mexico</span> State of central Mexico

The State of Mexico, officially just Mexico, is one of the 32 federal entities of the United Mexican States. Commonly known as Edomex to distinguish it from the name of the whole country, it is the most populous, as well as the most densely populated, state in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Querétaro</span> State of Mexico

Querétaro, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro, is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 18 municipalities. Its capital city is Santiago de Querétaro. It is located in north-central Mexico, in a region known as Bajío. It is bordered by the states of San Luis Potosí to the north, Guanajuato to the west, Hidalgo to the east, México to the southeast and Michoacán to the southwest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Querétaro City</span> City and Municipality in Querétaro, Mexico

Santiago de Querétaro, known simply as Querétaro City, is the capital and largest city of the state of Querétaro, located in central Mexico. It is part of the macroregion of Bajío. It is 213 kilometers (132 mi) northwest of Mexico City, 63 kilometers (39 mi) southeast of San Miguel de Allende and 200 kilometers (120 mi) south of San Luis Potosí. It is also the seat of the municipality of Querétaro, divided into seven boroughs. In 1996, the historic center of Querétaro was declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azcapotzalco</span> Borough in Mexico City, Mexico

Azcapotzalco is a borough in Mexico City. Azcapotzalco is in the northwestern part of Mexico City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guanajuato</span> State of Mexico

Guanajuato, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato, is one of the 32 states that make up the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 46 municipalities and its capital city is Guanajuato.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tlaxcala</span> State of Mexico

Tlaxcala, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tlaxcala, is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 60 municipalities and the capital city is Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuautitlán</span> Town & Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico

Cuautitlán, is a municipality in the State of Mexico, just north of the northern tip of the Federal District within the Greater Mexico City urban area. The city of Cuautitlán is the municipal seat and makes up most of the municipality. The name comes from Nahuatl and means 'between the trees.'

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metepec</span> Municipality and City in State of Mexico, Mexico

Metepec is a municipality in the State of Mexico in Mexico and is located directly to the east of the state capital, Toluca, at an altitude of 2,635 metres (8,645 ft) above sea level. The center of Mexico City lies some 50 km further to the east. The city of Metepec also form part of the Greater Toluca. The name Metepec comes from Náhuatl meaning hill of the agave plants. However, it is also known in the Matlatzinca language as "Nepinta-Tuhi" meaning 'people of corn land' and in the Otomi language as "Ntaguada".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gustavo Baz Prada</span> Mexican politician (1894–1987)

Gustavo Baz Prada was a Mexican politician and medical doctor. He was Governor of the State of Mexico from 1914 to 1915 and from 1957 to 1963.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texcoco de Mora</span> City in State of Mexico, Mexico

Texcoco de Mora is a city located in the State of Mexico, 25 km northeast of Mexico City. Texcoco de Mora is the municipal seat of the municipality of Texcoco. In the pre-Hispanic era, this was a major Aztec city on the shores of Lake Texcoco. After the Conquest, the city was initially the second most important after Mexico City, but its importance faded over time, becoming more rural in character. Over the colonial and post-independence periods, most of Lake Texcoco was drained and the city is no longer on the shore and much of the municipality is on lakebed. Numerous Aztec archeological finds have been discovered here, including the 125 tonne stone statue of Tlaloc, which was found near San Miguel Coatlinchán and now resides at the Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Temoaya</span> Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico

Temoaya is a municipality in the State of Mexico, Mexico. It's municipal seat is the town of Temoaya which is the sixth largest town in the municipality. It is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Toluca and 85 kilometres (53 mi) from Mexico City. It is known for its large ethnic Otomi population, the Centro Ceremonial Otomí and its tradition of making Persian style rugs using Mexican designs.

Jiquipilco Municipality is one of the municipalities of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is north of the Toluca Valley, part of the region consisting of the southern and western slopes of Cerro La Catedral, which has a concentration of speakers of the Otomi language. It is about 40 km from Toluca, the state capital. The name is a corruption of Nahuatl “Xiquipilco”, meaning “in the saddlebags”. Jiquipilco is situated on the transversal volcanic axis that crosses Mexico in an area surrounded by lakes and volcanoes. This portion is called "Anahuac”.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tequixquiac</span> Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico

Tequixquiac is a municipality located in the Zumpango Region of the State of Mexico in Mexico. The municipality is located 84 kilometres (52 mi) north of Mexico City within the valley that connects the Valley of Mexico with the Mezquital Valley. The name comes from Nahuatl and means "place of tequesquite waters". The municipal seat is the town of Santiago Tequixquiac, although both the town and municipality are commonly referred to as simply "Tequixquiac".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Cecilia Acatitlan</span>

Acatitlan is an archeological zone of the early Aztec culture located in the town of Santa Cecilia, in the municipality of Tlalnepantla de Baz in the State of Mexico, about 10 km northwest of Mexico City. In pre-Columbian times, it was located on the northwest shore of the great Lake Texcoco.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tenayuca</span> Archaeological site in Mexico

Tenayuca is a pre-Columbian Mesoamerican archaeological site in the Valley of Mexico. In the Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology, Tenayuca was a settlement on the former shoreline of the western arm of Lake Texcoco. It was located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the northwest of Tenochtitlan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acatlán, Hidalgo</span> Town & Municipality in Hidalgo, Mexico

Acatlán is a town and municipality located in the Mexican state of Hidalgo, about 10 km northwest of the city of Tulancingo and 147 km from Mexico City. The main landmark is the San Miguel monastery which was built in the 16th century. It is partially in ruins but there have been efforts since the 1980s to restore it. Acatlán comes from a Nahuatl phrase which means “near the reeds”.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apaxco</span> Municipality and town in Mexico, Mexico

Apaxco is a municipality located in the Zumpango Region in Mexico. The municipal territory is located at a southern pass leading out of the Mezquital Valley about 288 km (179 mi) northeast of the state capital of Toluca. The name Apaxco comes from Nahuatl.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mezquital Valley</span>

The Mezquital Valley is a series of small valleys and flat areas located in Central Mexico, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Mexico City, located in the western part of the state of Hidalgo. It is part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, with altitudes between 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) and 2,100 metres (6,900 ft) above sea level. It is one of Mexico's main semi-arid/area regions, whose native vegetation is dominated by cactus species, mesquite trees, and maguey with pine and oak trees in the highest elevations. It is considered to be part of the northern extension of Mesoamerica, with one major archeological site, Tula, which was the main city of the Toltecs, an important influence for the later Aztecs. However, from the Aztec period to the 20th century, it was sparsely populated and very poor, with one main indigenous ethnicity, the Otomis. In the 20th century, irrigation works were created to take advantage of the water in the Tula River, along with wastewater drained from the Valley of Mexico for agriculture. Today, the valley produces various grains and produce, including one-quarter of all green chili peppers grown in Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ecatepec de Morelos</span> City & Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico

Ecatepec, officially Ecatepec de Morelos, is a municipality in the central Mexican state of Mexico, and is situated in the north part of the greater Mexico City urban area. The municipal seat is San Cristóbal Ecatepec.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tlalnepantla railway station</span>

Tlalnepantla is a commuter railway station serving the Ferrocarril Suburbano, a suburban rail that connects the State of Mexico with Mexico City. The station is located in the municipality of Tlalnepantla, State of Mexico, north of Mexico City.

References

  1. "Population by Municipality in the State of Mexico" . Retrieved June 10, 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico Estado de Mexico Tlalnepantla". Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-03-26.
  3. 2010 census tables: INEGI Archived 2013-05-02 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "42 Die as Mexican Bus Loses Race With Train", Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1977, p.I-4
  5. "Private Schools in Tlalnepantla de Baz". Edutory México.
  6. 1 2 Noble, John (2000). Lonely Planet Mexico City. Oakland, California: Lonely Planet Publications. p. 131. ISBN   1-86450-087-5.
  7. "Interactive City Directory". Sister Cities International.