Toba 鳥羽市 | |
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![]() Overview of Toba | |
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![]() Location of Toba in Mie Prefecture | |
Coordinates: 34°28′52.8″N136°50′36.3″E / 34.481333°N 136.843417°E | |
Country | Japan |
Region | Kansai |
Prefecture | Mie |
Government | |
• Mayor | Kin'ichirō Nakamura |
Area | |
• Total | 107.34 km2 (41.44 sq mi) |
Population (July 2021) | |
• Total | 17,741 |
• Density | 170/km2 (430/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
Phone number | 0599-25-1112 |
Address | 3-1-1 Toba, Toba-shi, Mie-ken 517-0011 |
Climate | Cfa |
Website | Official website |
Symbols | |
Bird | Common gull |
Flower | Dianthus |
Tree | Tachibana |
Toba (鳥羽市, Toba-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2021 [update] , the city had an estimated population of 17,741 in 8328 households and a population density of 170 persons per km². [1] The total area of the city is 107.34 square kilometres (41.44 sq mi).
Toba is located on the northeastern tip of Shima Peninsula in far eastern Mie Prefecture, facing Ise Bay of the Pacific Ocean to the north and east. The area is famous for oysters and for cultured pearls. The entire city area is within the borders of the Ise-Shima National Park.
Toba administers numerous islands in the Ise Bay, the most important of which are:
Mie Prefecture
Toba has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Toba is 15.6 °C (60.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 2,428.5 mm (95.61 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.9 °C (80.4 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.2 °C (41.4 °F). [2]
Climate data for Toba (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.4 (70.5) | 24.1 (75.4) | 28.7 (83.7) | 32.6 (90.7) | 35.2 (95.4) | 37.0 (98.6) | 38.3 (100.9) | 36.6 (97.9) | 30.4 (86.7) | 25.6 (78.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 38.3 (100.9) |
Average high °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) | 9.5 (49.1) | 13.2 (55.8) | 18.6 (65.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 25.9 (78.6) | 30.0 (86.0) | 31.2 (88.2) | 27.4 (81.3) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 11.4 (52.5) | 19.8 (67.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | 8.6 (47.5) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.7 (71.1) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.9 (80.4) | 23.5 (74.3) | 18.1 (64.6) | 12.6 (54.7) | 7.6 (45.7) | 15.6 (60.1) |
Average low °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) | 1.7 (35.1) | 4.3 (39.7) | 9.0 (48.2) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.2 (64.8) | 22.5 (72.5) | 23.5 (74.3) | 20.3 (68.5) | 14.6 (58.3) | 8.7 (47.7) | 3.7 (38.7) | 11.8 (53.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) | −4.9 (23.2) | −2.9 (26.8) | −0.2 (31.6) | 5.5 (41.9) | 11.4 (52.5) | 15.6 (60.1) | 17.4 (63.3) | 12.4 (54.3) | 5.8 (42.4) | −0.5 (31.1) | −3.4 (25.9) | −5.2 (22.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 82.4 (3.24) | 90.2 (3.55) | 174.3 (6.86) | 212.2 (8.35) | 256.3 (10.09) | 264.3 (10.41) | 204.6 (8.06) | 187.0 (7.36) | 399.0 (15.71) | 330.1 (13.00) | 141.9 (5.59) | 86.4 (3.40) | 2,428.5 (95.61) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.6 | 6.2 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.9 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 8.9 | 12.6 | 11.1 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 112.7 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 180.6 | 167.6 | 191.4 | 194.9 | 199.4 | 148.9 | 182.9 | 215.6 | 152.1 | 158.3 | 160.2 | 176.9 | 2,128.7 |
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency [3] [2] |
Per Japanese census data, [4] the population of Toba has decreased rapidly over the past 30 years.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1920 | 24,640 | — |
1930 | 23,632 | −4.1% |
1940 | 24,488 | +3.6% |
1950 | 30,222 | +23.4% |
1960 | 30,521 | +1.0% |
1970 | 29,462 | −3.5% |
1980 | 28,812 | −2.2% |
1990 | 27,320 | −5.2% |
2000 | 24,945 | −8.7% |
2010 | 21,413 | −14.2% |
The area of modern Toba has been continuously inhabited since before the Jōmon period. During the Sengoku period, the area was under the control of pirates, from whom emerged Kuki Yoshitaka (from Nakiri district) as a dominant ruler. After having dominated the local seacoasts, he established Toba as his capital and built a castle there. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, the castle became the center for Toba Domain. In the Edo period, Toba flourished in trade and as a transshipment port between Osaka and Edo.
The town of Toba was created with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Toba was raised to city status on November 1, 1954, by merging with seven neighboring villages in Shima District.
Toba has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 14 members. Toba contributes one member to the Mie Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Mie 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Commercial fishing, including cultivated pearls, and tourism play important roles in the local economy.
Toba has nine public elementary schools and five public middle schools operated by the city government and one public high school operated by the Mie Prefectural Department of Education. The Toba National College of Maritime Technology, one of the five maritime technology colleges in Japan which offers merchant marine programs such as Deck officer, Marine Engineering and other advanced programs related to maritime education. [5] is located in Toba, as is the Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory - Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University.
Toba city hosts the highest number of ama divers in Japan. "Toba and Shima, cities where you can meet ama divers" has been defined as the 73th stories of Japanese heritage. [6]
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Toba Station is a junction passenger railway station located in the city of Toba, Mie Prefecture. Japan. It is jointly operated by Central Japan Railway Company and the private railway operator Kintetsu Railway.
The Ise-Shima (伊勢志摩) region of Japan, also called the Shima Peninsula, refers to the areas of eastern Mie Prefecture in or around Ise-Shima National Park, which include the cities Ise, Toba, Shima, and parts of the town of Minami-Ise. The area thrives on tourism, with many resort hotels and beaches in the area. Ise-Shima is also famed for fresh seafood, particular oysters.
The Shima Line is a railway line in Mie Prefecture, Japan, operated by private railway operator Kintetsu Railway, connecting Toba Station in Toba with Kashikojima Station in Shima.
Mikimoto Pearl Island is a small island in Ise Bay, offshore Toba, Mie Prefecture, Japan. The island is known as the birthplace of cultured pearl aquaculture.
Sugashima (菅島) is an inhabited island located in Ise Bay off the east coast of central Honshu, Japan. It is administered as part of the city of Toba in Mie Prefecture. It is the second largest of the outlying islands of Toba. Historically, it was noted for its Ama divers.
Toba Castle was a Japanese castle located in the city of Toba, Mie Prefecture, Japan. Throughout the Edo period, Toba Castle was the administrative center for Toba Domain, a feudal domain of Shima Province under the Tokugawa shogunate. Toba Castle was also known as the Floating Castle of Toba or the Two-color Castle. The castle site received protection as a Mie Prefectural Historic Site in 1965.
Toba Sea-Folk Museum is a museum dedicated to the area's fishing traditions in Toba, Mie Prefecture, Japan. Having first opened as the private Sea-Folk Museum in 1971, the museum reopened in its current location in 1992, and in 2017 was reestablished as a public, municipal museum under its current name. In 1998, the museum buildings, designed by Naitō Hiroshi, were included amongst the 100 Select Instances of Public Architecture by the then Ministry of Construction. The collection, numbering some 61,840 items as of 31 March 2018, includes some ninety wooden boats from all over Japan, the nation's most comprehensive assemblage of materials relating to the Ama, and a grouping of 6,879 pieces of Ise Bay, Shima Peninsula, and Kumano Sea Fishing Equipment that have been jointly designated an Important Tangible Folk Cultural Property. The displays are organized around seven themes: traditions of sea-folk, sea-folk faith and festivals, sea pollution, Ama divers in Shima, fishing in Ise Bay, fishing in Shima and Kumano, and wooden boats and navigation.
Shirongo Matsuri (しろんご祭) is a Japanese festival that takes place on the island of Sugashima in Toba, Mie Prefecture, Japan in early July each year. Offered in prayer for a bountiful catch and maritime safety, it has been designated a Municipal Intangible Folk Cultural Property, is a constituent part of Japan Heritage Story #073, Shima & Toba, Towns Where You Can Encounter Ama: Women Who Live Through Skin Diving, and has been selected by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism for inclusion on its listing of Island Treasures: 100 Views.