Tobias' caddisfly

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Tobias' caddisfly
Status iucn3.1 EX.svg
Extinct  (1938)  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Trichoptera
Family:
Hydropsychidae
Genus:
Hydrospyche
Species:
H. tobiasi
Binomial name
Hydropsyche tobiasi
(Malicky, 1977)

The Tobias' caddisfly (Hydropsyche tobiasi) is an extinct species of caddisfly which lived on the River Rhine between Mainz and Cologne. [2]

Caddisfly order of insects

The caddisflies, or order Trichoptera, are a group of insects with aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults. There are approximately 14,500 described species, most of which can be divided into the suborders Integripalpia and Annulipalpia on the basis of the adult mouthparts. Integripalpian larvae construct a portable casing to protect themselves as they move around looking for food, while Annulipalpian larvae make themselves a fixed retreat in which they remain, waiting for food to come to them. The affinities of the small third suborder Spicipalpia are unclear, and molecular analysis suggests it may not be monophyletic. Also called sedge-flies or rail-flies, the adults are small moth-like insects with two pairs of hairy membranous wings. They are closely related to the Lepidoptera which have scales on their wings; the two orders together form the superorder Amphiesmenoptera.

Rhine river in Western Europe

The Rhine is one of the major European rivers, which has its sources in Switzerland and flows in a mostly northerly direction through Germany and the Netherlands, emptying into the North Sea. The river begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.

Mainz Place in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Mainz is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The city is located on the Rhine river at its confluence with the Main river, opposite Wiesbaden on the border with Hesse. Mainz is an independent city with a population of 206,628 (2015) and forms part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region.

Contents

History

It was last seen in 1938 and was described in 1977 by Austrian entomologist Hans Malicky on the basis of material he found in earlier collections. [2] Very little is known about the species and no larvae were ever found. [2] The River Rhine has been a subject to urban and industrial pollution for several decades during the 20th century. This had led to the decline and disappearance of many caddisfly species on several riversides of the Rhine. [2]

Austria Federal republic in Central Europe

Austria, officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in Central Europe comprising nine federated states. Its capital, largest city and one of nine states is Vienna. Austria has an area of 83,879 km2 (32,386 sq mi), a population of nearly nine million people and a nominal GDP of $477 billion. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The terrain is landlocked and highly mountainous, lying within the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 m (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 m (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speaks local Bavarian dialects as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other regional languages are Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene.

Larva juvenile form of distinct animals before metamorphosis

A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.

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Hydropsychidae family of insects

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<i>Hydropsyche venularis</i> species of insect

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<i>Hydropsyche rossi</i> species of insect

Hydropsyche rossi is a species of netspinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae. It is found in North America.

Hydropsyche californica is a species of netspinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae. It is found in North America.

Hydropsyche betteni is a species of netspinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae. It is found in North America.

References

  1. ↑ Malicky, H. (2014). "Hydropsyche tobiasi". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2014: e.T10332A21426347. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T10332A21426347.en . Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 SM Wells, RM Pyle & NM Collins: IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1983. ISBN   2-88032-602-8

The UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is an executive agency of UN Environment, based in Cambridge in the United Kingdom. UNEP-WCMC has been part of UN Environment since 2000, and has responsibility for biodiversity assessment and support to policy development and implementation. The World Conservation Monitoring Centre was previously an independent organisation jointly managed by IUCN, UN Environment and WWF established in 1988, and prior to that the Centre was a part of the IUCN Secretariat.

IUCN Red List Inventory of the global conservation status of biological species

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, founded in 1965, has evolved to become the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. A series of Regional Red List are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit.

International Union for Conservation of Nature international organisation

The International Union for Conservation of Nature is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It is involved in data gathering and analysis, research, field projects, advocacy, and education. IUCN's mission is to "influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable".


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