Toca | |
---|---|
Municipality and town | |
Country | Colombia |
Department | Boyacá Department |
Province | Central Boyacá Province |
Founded | 7 January 1555 |
Founded by | Pedro Ruíz García |
Government | |
• Mayor | Segundo Crisanto Ochoa Díaz (2020-2023) |
Area | |
• Municipality and town | 165 km2 (64 sq mi) |
Elevation | 2,810 m (9,220 ft) |
Population (2015) | |
• Municipality and town | 10,157 |
• Density | 62/km2 (160/sq mi) |
• Urban | 3,629 |
Time zone | UTC-5 (Colombia Standard Time) |
Website | Official website |
Toca is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Central Boyacá Province. Toca is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense 27 kilometres (17 mi) northeast from the department capital Tunja. It borders Tuta in the north, Siachoque in the south, Pesca in the east and Tuta and Chivatá in the west. [1]
Before the Spanish conquest of the central highlands of the Colombian Andes, the area was inhabited by the Muisca people, organized in a loose confederation of different rulers. Toca was reigned by the iraca of Sugamuxi, present-day Sogamoso. The troops of conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada entered the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in 1537. The year of foundation of modern Toca is not entirely clear, but set at 1555 by Pedro Ruíz García. [1]
In the Chibcha language of the Muisca, Toca means "Domain of the river". [2]
The economy of Toca is based on agriculture and livestock farming, with a small mining (salt) part. Main agricultural products are wheat, potatoes, maize, barley, peas, beans, apples, pears, peaches, curubas and cherries. [1]
Climate data for Toca (Copa La), elevation 2,700 m (8,900 ft), (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.8 (69.4) | 20.7 (69.3) | 19.8 (67.6) | 18.9 (66.0) | 18.2 (64.8) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.3 (64.9) | 18.8 (65.8) | 19.1 (66.4) | 19.3 (66.7) | 19.8 (67.6) | 19.3 (66.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.6 (56.5) | 13.9 (57.0) | 14.0 (57.2) | 13.8 (56.8) | 13.4 (56.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.3 (55.9) | 13.6 (56.5) | 13.8 (56.8) | 13.5 (56.3) | 13.5 (56.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) | 6.2 (43.2) | 7.6 (45.7) | 8.4 (47.1) | 8.4 (47.1) | 7.6 (45.7) | 7.2 (45.0) | 7.3 (45.1) | 7.0 (44.6) | 7.4 (45.3) | 7.8 (46.0) | 6.7 (44.1) | 7.2 (45.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.4 (1.08) | 32.9 (1.30) | 70.8 (2.79) | 91.2 (3.59) | 92.4 (3.64) | 54.4 (2.14) | 55.2 (2.17) | 41.9 (1.65) | 54.0 (2.13) | 86.8 (3.42) | 90.6 (3.57) | 46.6 (1.83) | 734.6 (28.92) |
Average precipitation days | 7 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 11 | 169 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 78 | 77 | 78 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 80 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 213.9 | 186.3 | 158.1 | 123.0 | 120.9 | 132.0 | 145.7 | 142.6 | 132.0 | 136.4 | 150.0 | 189.1 | 1,830 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.9 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 5.0 |
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales [3] |
Iza is a town and municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia. Iza is located near the Tota Lake and part of the Sugamuxi Province, a subregion of Boyacá. Iza is located in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from Sogamoso and 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the department capital Tunja. The municipality borders Firavitoba and Sogamoso in the north, Sogamoso and Cuítiva in the east, in the west Pesca and Firavitoba, and in the south Cuítiva.
Tinjacá is a town and municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia, part of the subregion of the Ricaurte Province. Tinjacá is located on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 54 kilometres (34 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Sutamarchán in the north, Ráquira in the south, Sáchica in the east and in the west Chiquinquirá and Saboyá.
Cucaita is a municipality in the Central Boyacá Province, part of Boyacá Department, Colombia. The urban centre is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the department capital Tunja. Cucaita borders Sora in the north, Tunja in the east and south and Samacá in the south and west.
The Altiplano Cundiboyacense is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes covering parts of the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá. The altiplano corresponds to the ancient territory of the Muisca. The Altiplano Cundiboyacense comprises three distinctive flat regions; the Bogotá savanna, the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá, and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso. The average altitude of the altiplano is about 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level but ranges from roughly 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) to 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).
Tota is a town and municipality in the department of Boyacá, Colombia, part of the Sugamuxi Province. Tota is located approximately 40 km from Sogamoso and the municipality borders in the north Cuítiva, Aquitania in the east, Zetaquirá and San Eduardo in the south and westward of Tota the municipality of Pesca is located. Nearby and named after the village is Lake Tota, the largest lake of Colombia.
Tuta is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Central Boyacá Province. Tuta is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 26 kilometres (16 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Paipa, Pesca and Firavitoba in the east, Cómbita in the west, Sotaquirá and Paipa in the north and Chivatá, Toca and Oicatá in the south.
Sotaquirá is a town and municipality in the Central Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Sotaquirá is situated in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes with the small urban center at an altitude of 2,860 metres (9,380 ft) at 39 kilometres (24 mi) from Tunja. Sotaquirá is a highly rural municipality with 90% of the people living in rural areas and about 50% more cows than inhabitants. The municipality borders Tuta in the east, Paipa in the north, Gámbita, Santander in the west and Cómbita in the south.
Cómbita is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the sub region of the Central Boyacá Province. Cómbita is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and borders Arcabuco and the department of Santander in the north, Sotaquirá in the northeast, Tuta and Oicatá in the east, department capital Tunja at 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) away and Motavita in the south and Arcabuco and Motavita in the west.
Chíquiza is a town and municipality in the Central Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian Department of Boyacá. Chíquiza was called San Pedro de Iguaque until July 17, 2003, when the name was changed to Chíquiza. The municipality is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense with the urban centre at an altitude of 2,900 metres (9,500 ft) and 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the department capital Tunja. Chíquiza borders Arcabuco in the north, Sora and Sáchica in the south, Villa de Leyva in the west and Motavita in the east.
Chivatá is a town and municipality in the Central Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. The urban centre is situated at an altitude of 2,903 metres (9,524 ft) on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Oicatá, Toca and Tuta in the north, Toca and Siachoque in the east, Siachoque and Soracá in the south and Tunja in the west.
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Soracá is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Central Boyacá Province. Soracá borders the municipalities of Chivatá in the north, Siachoque, Viracacha and Ramiriquí in the east, Boyacá in the south and the department capital Tunja in the west.
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Tibaná is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of Márquez Province. The urban centre of Tibaná is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at an altitude of 2,115 metres (6,939 ft) and a distance of 38 kilometres (24 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Jenesano in the north, Ramiriquí and Chinavita in the east, Chinavita and Úmbita in the south and in the west Turmequé and Nuevo Colón.
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